Background:The monkey pox virus is caused by monkey pox(MPX),which is similar to both smallpox and cowpox.Near tropical rain forests,it usually occurs in isolated communities in Central and West Africa.The monkey pox ...Background:The monkey pox virus is caused by monkey pox(MPX),which is similar to both smallpox and cowpox.Near tropical rain forests,it usually occurs in isolated communities in Central and West Africa.The monkey pox virus,a member of the family Poxviridae and belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus.Close contact with infected animals,sick people,or contaminated inanimate things can cause the virus to spread to humans.The illness typically takes 7 to 14 days to incubate and is characterized by fever,headache,lethargy,myalgia,generalized body pains,lymph node swelling,and skin lesions.Given the variety of illnesses that can result in skin rashes,it could be challenging to differentiate monkey pox solely based on clinical presentation,particularly for patients with an uncommon look.Objective:The main objective of the study is to evaluate public perceptions regarding the emerging human monkey pox disease and vaccination.Methods:The study was conducted using a cross-sectional study design.The sample size was 472 participants;however,10 questionnaires were excluded because of invalid data.The 462 questionnaires were included by expert validation from the general public of Rawalpindi and Islamabad,Pakistan.The data were analyzed using Chi-squared tests.Results:This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 Sep to 15 Oct 2022.The participants’perceptions,knowledge,and attitudes were collected via a 24-item-based questionnaire survey.The survey was based on 462 participants,196(42.4%)were females,and 266(57.6%)were males.The results reveal that out of 462 participants,clinical symptoms of monkey pox disease 82.7%(382),complications of monkey pox disease 81.2%(375),lymphadenopathy(swollen lymph nodes)is one clinical feature that could be used to differentiate between monkey pox and smallpox 81.2%(375)and monkey pox is common in Western and Central Africa 24.2%(112).Furthermore,the majority of participants(P≤0.05)agreed that health officials should start a vaccination campaign to combat monkey pox.Regarding preventive measures and vaccination campaigns,health officials should take public preventive measures 79.7%(368)and health officials start a vaccination campaign against monkey pox disease 56.3%(260).Conclusion:There was a significant difference seen in the public perception regarding monkey pox preventive measures and vaccination.The International health authorities must take priority-based preventative measures to prevent the spread of monkey pox disease around the world.展开更多
Variations in host traits that influence their exposure and susceptibility may impact probability of vector-transmitted diseases.Therefore,identifying the predictors of infection probability is necessary to understand...Variations in host traits that influence their exposure and susceptibility may impact probability of vector-transmitted diseases.Therefore,identifying the predictors of infection probability is necessary to understand the risk of disease outbreaks during expanding environmental perturbation.Here,we conducted a large survey based on microscopic examination and molecular analysis of haemosporidian parasite infection in raptors rescued at the Beijing Raptor Rescue Centre.Combining these data with biological and ecological variables of the raptors,we determined predictors that affect the probability of haemosporidian infection using generalized linear mixed models and multimodel inference.Our results showed that infection probability exhibited considerable variation across host species in raptors,and body mass,sex,and evolutionary history played relatively weaker roles in driving infection probability.Instead,activity pattern,age,geographic range size,migration distance,and nest type were important predictors of the probability of haemosporidian infection,and the role of each predictor differed in the three main haemosporidian genera(Plasmodium,Haemoproteus,and Leucocytozoon).This macro-ecological analysis will add to our understanding of host traits that influence the probability of avian haemosporidian infection and will help inform risk of emerging diseases.展开更多
The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and concerns about several other pandemics in the 21st century have attracted extensive global attention.These emerging infectious diseases threaten global public health and raise...The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and concerns about several other pandemics in the 21st century have attracted extensive global attention.These emerging infectious diseases threaten global public health and raise urgent studies on unraveling the underlying mechanisms of their transmission from animals to humans.Although numerous works have intensively discussed the cross-species and endemic barriers to the occurrence and spread of emerging infectious diseases,both types of barriers play synergistic roles in wildlife habitats.Thus far,there is still a lack of a complete understanding of viral diffusion,migration,and transmission in ecosystems from a macro perspective.In this review,we conceptualize the ecological barrier that represents the combined effects of cross-species and endemic barriers for either the natural or intermediate hosts of viruses.We comprehensively discuss the key influential factors affecting the ecological barrier against viral transmission from virus hosts in their natural habitats into human society,including transmission routes,contact probability,contact frequency,and viral characteristics.Considering the significant impacts of human activities and global industrialization on the strength of the ecological barrier,ecological barrier deterioration driven by human activities is critically analyzed for potential mechanisms.Global climate change can trigger and expand the range of emerging infectious diseases,and human disturbances promote higher contact frequency and greater transmission possibility.In addition,globalization drives more transmission routes and produces new high-risk regions in city areas.This review aims to provide a new concept for and comprehensive evidence of the ecological barrier blocking the transmission and spread of emerging infectious diseases.It also offers new insights into potential strategies to protect the ecological barrier and reduce the wide-ranging risks of emerging infectious diseases to public health.展开更多
In recent years,the risk of acute emerging infectious diseases has increased significantly due to changes in environmental conditions and social factors,posing a serious threat to public health security and human heal...In recent years,the risk of acute emerging infectious diseases has increased significantly due to changes in environmental conditions and social factors,posing a serious threat to public health security and human health.The general susceptibility of the population and the unpredictability and increasing infectiousness of emerging infectious diseases reflect the inadequacy of the existing infectious disease surveillance system for timely detection and screening of emerging infectious diseases,often leading to a certain scale of epidemic outbreaks that seriously harm humans before being detected passively.This is a literature review on symptom surveillance of acute emerging infectious diseases at home and abroad,emphasizing on the subject matter and development of symptom surveillance of emerging infectious diseases,so as to provide a scientific basis for the establishment and improvement of symptom surveillance of acute emerging infectious diseases.展开更多
PARK7/DJ-1 is a multifunctional protein that acts as a regulator in stress responsive cascades.Since its original discovery as a novel oncogene,DJ-1 was further implicated in the correspondingly dubbed PARK7 autosomal...PARK7/DJ-1 is a multifunctional protein that acts as a regulator in stress responsive cascades.Since its original discovery as a novel oncogene,DJ-1 was further implicated in the correspondingly dubbed PARK7 autosomal recessive early onset Parkinson’s Disease variant,expanding the spectrum of its pathophysiologyto neurodegenerative disease.展开更多
Nursing leaders play a pivotal role in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Aiming to describe the challenges of nursing leaders and the solutions implemented to face the coronavirus pandemic in a Brazilian hospital we dev...Nursing leaders play a pivotal role in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Aiming to describe the challenges of nursing leaders and the solutions implemented to face the coronavirus pandemic in a Brazilian hospital we developed this qualitative study. Six tactical nursing leaders were recruited by convenience and responded via audio recordings to two open-ended questions: 1) What challenges have you experienced and what solutions have you implemented related to physical, human, and technological resources during the COVID-19 pandemic? and 2) What challenges have you experienced and what solutions have you implemented in relation to patient and staff safety during the COVID-19 pandemic? All audio files were transcribed, anonymized, and analyzed using inductive content analysis. We identified two main categories of challenges: the first, concerning the changes and challenges in the face of an unknown disease;the second category, consisting of an evaluation of the experiences lived by the nursing leaders. Numerous solutions were implemented in response to the challenging scenario. The technical competence and systemic view of nursing leaders were vital to face the challenges and develop solutions to ensure the quality of care provided and the safety of the workforce, patients, and families.展开更多
文摘Background:The monkey pox virus is caused by monkey pox(MPX),which is similar to both smallpox and cowpox.Near tropical rain forests,it usually occurs in isolated communities in Central and West Africa.The monkey pox virus,a member of the family Poxviridae and belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus.Close contact with infected animals,sick people,or contaminated inanimate things can cause the virus to spread to humans.The illness typically takes 7 to 14 days to incubate and is characterized by fever,headache,lethargy,myalgia,generalized body pains,lymph node swelling,and skin lesions.Given the variety of illnesses that can result in skin rashes,it could be challenging to differentiate monkey pox solely based on clinical presentation,particularly for patients with an uncommon look.Objective:The main objective of the study is to evaluate public perceptions regarding the emerging human monkey pox disease and vaccination.Methods:The study was conducted using a cross-sectional study design.The sample size was 472 participants;however,10 questionnaires were excluded because of invalid data.The 462 questionnaires were included by expert validation from the general public of Rawalpindi and Islamabad,Pakistan.The data were analyzed using Chi-squared tests.Results:This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 Sep to 15 Oct 2022.The participants’perceptions,knowledge,and attitudes were collected via a 24-item-based questionnaire survey.The survey was based on 462 participants,196(42.4%)were females,and 266(57.6%)were males.The results reveal that out of 462 participants,clinical symptoms of monkey pox disease 82.7%(382),complications of monkey pox disease 81.2%(375),lymphadenopathy(swollen lymph nodes)is one clinical feature that could be used to differentiate between monkey pox and smallpox 81.2%(375)and monkey pox is common in Western and Central Africa 24.2%(112).Furthermore,the majority of participants(P≤0.05)agreed that health officials should start a vaccination campaign to combat monkey pox.Regarding preventive measures and vaccination campaigns,health officials should take public preventive measures 79.7%(368)and health officials start a vaccination campaign against monkey pox disease 56.3%(260).Conclusion:There was a significant difference seen in the public perception regarding monkey pox preventive measures and vaccination.The International health authorities must take priority-based preventative measures to prevent the spread of monkey pox disease around the world.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.210100191).
文摘Variations in host traits that influence their exposure and susceptibility may impact probability of vector-transmitted diseases.Therefore,identifying the predictors of infection probability is necessary to understand the risk of disease outbreaks during expanding environmental perturbation.Here,we conducted a large survey based on microscopic examination and molecular analysis of haemosporidian parasite infection in raptors rescued at the Beijing Raptor Rescue Centre.Combining these data with biological and ecological variables of the raptors,we determined predictors that affect the probability of haemosporidian infection using generalized linear mixed models and multimodel inference.Our results showed that infection probability exhibited considerable variation across host species in raptors,and body mass,sex,and evolutionary history played relatively weaker roles in driving infection probability.Instead,activity pattern,age,geographic range size,migration distance,and nest type were important predictors of the probability of haemosporidian infection,and the role of each predictor differed in the three main haemosporidian genera(Plasmodium,Haemoproteus,and Leucocytozoon).This macro-ecological analysis will add to our understanding of host traits that influence the probability of avian haemosporidian infection and will help inform risk of emerging diseases.
基金the Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52091543)the Chinese Academy of Engineering(2020-ZD15)for the financial support of this work。
文摘The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and concerns about several other pandemics in the 21st century have attracted extensive global attention.These emerging infectious diseases threaten global public health and raise urgent studies on unraveling the underlying mechanisms of their transmission from animals to humans.Although numerous works have intensively discussed the cross-species and endemic barriers to the occurrence and spread of emerging infectious diseases,both types of barriers play synergistic roles in wildlife habitats.Thus far,there is still a lack of a complete understanding of viral diffusion,migration,and transmission in ecosystems from a macro perspective.In this review,we conceptualize the ecological barrier that represents the combined effects of cross-species and endemic barriers for either the natural or intermediate hosts of viruses.We comprehensively discuss the key influential factors affecting the ecological barrier against viral transmission from virus hosts in their natural habitats into human society,including transmission routes,contact probability,contact frequency,and viral characteristics.Considering the significant impacts of human activities and global industrialization on the strength of the ecological barrier,ecological barrier deterioration driven by human activities is critically analyzed for potential mechanisms.Global climate change can trigger and expand the range of emerging infectious diseases,and human disturbances promote higher contact frequency and greater transmission possibility.In addition,globalization drives more transmission routes and produces new high-risk regions in city areas.This review aims to provide a new concept for and comprehensive evidence of the ecological barrier blocking the transmission and spread of emerging infectious diseases.It also offers new insights into potential strategies to protect the ecological barrier and reduce the wide-ranging risks of emerging infectious diseases to public health.
文摘In recent years,the risk of acute emerging infectious diseases has increased significantly due to changes in environmental conditions and social factors,posing a serious threat to public health security and human health.The general susceptibility of the population and the unpredictability and increasing infectiousness of emerging infectious diseases reflect the inadequacy of the existing infectious disease surveillance system for timely detection and screening of emerging infectious diseases,often leading to a certain scale of epidemic outbreaks that seriously harm humans before being detected passively.This is a literature review on symptom surveillance of acute emerging infectious diseases at home and abroad,emphasizing on the subject matter and development of symptom surveillance of emerging infectious diseases,so as to provide a scientific basis for the establishment and improvement of symptom surveillance of acute emerging infectious diseases.
文摘PARK7/DJ-1 is a multifunctional protein that acts as a regulator in stress responsive cascades.Since its original discovery as a novel oncogene,DJ-1 was further implicated in the correspondingly dubbed PARK7 autosomal recessive early onset Parkinson’s Disease variant,expanding the spectrum of its pathophysiologyto neurodegenerative disease.
文摘Nursing leaders play a pivotal role in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Aiming to describe the challenges of nursing leaders and the solutions implemented to face the coronavirus pandemic in a Brazilian hospital we developed this qualitative study. Six tactical nursing leaders were recruited by convenience and responded via audio recordings to two open-ended questions: 1) What challenges have you experienced and what solutions have you implemented related to physical, human, and technological resources during the COVID-19 pandemic? and 2) What challenges have you experienced and what solutions have you implemented in relation to patient and staff safety during the COVID-19 pandemic? All audio files were transcribed, anonymized, and analyzed using inductive content analysis. We identified two main categories of challenges: the first, concerning the changes and challenges in the face of an unknown disease;the second category, consisting of an evaluation of the experiences lived by the nursing leaders. Numerous solutions were implemented in response to the challenging scenario. The technical competence and systemic view of nursing leaders were vital to face the challenges and develop solutions to ensure the quality of care provided and the safety of the workforce, patients, and families.
