Classification of Emergency Responses to Fatal Traffic Accidents in Chinese Urban Areas

Fatal traffic accidents in urban areas can adversely affect the urban road traffic system and pose many challenges for urban traffic management.Therefore,it is necessary to first classify emergency responses to such accidents and then handle them quickly and correctly.The aim of this paper is to develop an evaluation index system and to use appropriate methods to investigate emergency-response classifications to fatal traffic accidents in Chinese urban areas.This study used a multilevel hierarchical structural model to determine emergency-response classification.In the model,accident attributes,urban road network vulnerability,and institutional resilience were used as classification criteria.Each evaluation indicator was selected according to importance ranking and independence screening and was given an interpretation and a quantitative criterion.The Fuzzy Delphi Method was used to rank the importance of the evaluation indices and the combined weight of each index was calculated using the G1 method.Finally,the case of a fatal traffic accident was used to validate the model.The results showed that the multilevel hierarchical structural model,Fuzzy Delphi Method,and G1 method can effectively address the problem of emergency-response classification.Because of its simplicity and adaptability,the approach presented here could be useful for decisionmakers and practitioners for determining emergency-response classifications.

An Integrated Emergency Response Tool for Developing Countries:Case of Uganda

This paper presents a First responder emergency response tool(EMApp)as a step towards achieving integrated emergency care in developing coun­tries,the case of Uganda.The EMApp prototype has potential to support health emergency response from various emergency stakeholders.This innovation is in line with strategic plans to embrace technologies towards the establishment of integrated social services such as emergency health­care services(EHS)in Uganda.We describe the prototype and provide its functionalities that can be further enhanced to enable access to emergency services and save life.The possible assumptions,potential challenges and recommendations to implement and deployment of such a system are pro­vided.There is currently no such integrated emergency response system in Uganda as is the case in many other developing countries.For future stud­ies,there is need to deploy the tool and assess its impact on the communi­ties.