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Meningoencephalitis due to Listeria monocytogenes in a Young Immunocompetent Patient: Case Report with Literature Review
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作者 Janette Alejandra Gamiño Gutierrez Gustavo Adolfo Hernández Valdez +7 位作者 Arleth Anahí Montaño Gómez Jorge Morales Rojas Graciela Gaddy Robles Martinez Anahi Herrera Ruelas Alin Kaori Ferreyra Gudiño Jocelin Celeste Jurado Cardona Jimena Jexabeth Ibáñez Núñez Anahí Fierros Ramos 《Advances in Infectious Diseases》 CAS 2024年第1期213-219,共7页
Meningoencephalitis secondary to Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) mainly affects newborns, the elderly and immunocompromised people;there are extremely rare cases in which said infection occurs in immunocompe... Meningoencephalitis secondary to Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) mainly affects newborns, the elderly and immunocompromised people;there are extremely rare cases in which said infection occurs in immunocompetent individuals. We present the case of a young adult patient without immunocompromise, who developed meningoencephalitis due to L. monocytogenes;This case is exceptional, since it occurred in an individual outside the classic age group, in addition to not having risk factors, which is why it should be considered an atypical causal agent. 展开更多
关键词 MENINGITIS encephalitis Rhombencephalitis Listeria monocytogenes IMMUNOCOMPETENT
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Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor type autoimmune encephalitis with severe pneumonia:a case report
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作者 Yi Gu Xiandong Liu +4 位作者 Tiancao Dong Qian Yang Xiaowei Bao Dongyang Zhao Lunxian Tang 《World Journal of Emergency Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期142-146,共5页
Autoimmune encephalitis(AE)is a type of encephalitis caused by autoimmune disease.AE was included on a list of the first batch of 121 rare diseases published by the Chinese National Health Commission on 11^(th)May 201... Autoimmune encephalitis(AE)is a type of encephalitis caused by autoimmune disease.AE was included on a list of the first batch of 121 rare diseases published by the Chinese National Health Commission on 11^(th)May 2018.Currently,patients with AE account for 10%-20% of encephalitis cases,with 54%-80% of those cases classified as the anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)type,which is the most common type.[1]In 2010,China reported the first case of a patient withanti-NMDARtype AE. 展开更多
关键词 encephalitis AUTOIMMUNE ASPARTATE
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A case of Rickettsia felis infection-induced encephalitis in a pregnant woman
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作者 Jinghua Qiu Hui Feng +1 位作者 Lijun Liu Jianjun Zhu 《World Journal of Emergency Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期150-152,共3页
Rickettsia felis is an exclusively cytozoic Gram-negative prokaryote with cat fleas as the major vectors.[1]As early as 1918,Rickettsia felis was detected in cat fleas in Europe and named Rickettsia ctenocephali.[2]Sy... Rickettsia felis is an exclusively cytozoic Gram-negative prokaryote with cat fleas as the major vectors.[1]As early as 1918,Rickettsia felis was detected in cat fleas in Europe and named Rickettsia ctenocephali.[2]Symptoms of fever,malaise,headache,maculopapular rash and eschar are observed in patients with Rickettsia felis infection. 展开更多
关键词 encephalitis HEADACHE INFECTION
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Development of a High-throughput Sequencing Platform for Detection of Viral Encephalitis Pathogens Based on Amplicon Sequencing
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作者 ZHANG Ya Li SU Wen Zhe +16 位作者 WANG Rui Chen LI Yan ZHANG Jun Feng LIU Sheng Hui HU Dan He XU Chong Xiao YIN Jia Yu YIN Qi Kai HE Ying LI Fan FU Shi Hong NIE Kai LIANG Guo Dong TAO Yong XU Song Tao MA Chao Feng WANG Huan Yu 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期294-302,共9页
Objective Viral encephalitis is an infectious disease severely affecting human health.It is caused by a wide variety of viral pathogens,including herpes viruses,flaviviruses,enteroviruses,and other viruses.The laborat... Objective Viral encephalitis is an infectious disease severely affecting human health.It is caused by a wide variety of viral pathogens,including herpes viruses,flaviviruses,enteroviruses,and other viruses.The laboratory diagnosis of viral encephalitis is a worldwide challenge.Recently,high-throughput sequencing technology has provided new tools for diagnosing central nervous system infections.Thus,In this study,we established a multipathogen detection platform for viral encephalitis based on amplicon sequencing.Methods We designed nine pairs of specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR)primers for the 12 viruses by reviewing the relevant literature.The detection ability of the primers was verified by software simulation and the detection of known positive samples.Amplicon sequencing was used to validate the samples,and consistency was compared with Sanger sequencing.Results The results showed that the target sequences of various pathogens were obtained at a coverage depth level greater than 20×,and the sequence lengths were consistent with the sizes of the predicted amplicons.The sequences were verified using the National Center for Biotechnology Information BLAST,and all results were consistent with the results of Sanger sequencing.Conclusion Amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing technology is feasible as a supplementary method for the pathogenic detection of viral encephalitis.It is also a useful tool for the high-volume screening of clinical samples. 展开更多
关键词 Viral encephalitis Amplicon sequencing High-throughput sequencing Multipathogen detection
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Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-associated encephalitis: A review of clinicopathologic hallmarks and multimodal imaging manifestations
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作者 Bryce David Beutler Alastair E Moody +4 位作者 Jerry Mathew Thomas Benjamin Phillip Sugar Mark B Ulanja Daniel Antwi-Amoabeng Lucas Anthony Tsikitas 《World Journal of Radiology》 2024年第1期1-8,共8页
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-associated encephalitis(NMDARE)is a rare immune-mediated neuroinflammatory condition characterized by the rapid onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms and autonomic dysfunction.The mecha... Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-associated encephalitis(NMDARE)is a rare immune-mediated neuroinflammatory condition characterized by the rapid onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms and autonomic dysfunction.The mechanism of pathogenesis remains incompletely understood,but is thought to be related to antibodies targeting the GluN1 subunit of the NMDA receptor with resultant downstream dysregulation of dopaminergic pathways.Young adults are most frequently affected;the median age at diagnosis is 21 years.There is a strong female predilection with a female sex predominance of 4:1.NMDARE often develops as a paraneoplastic process and is most commonly associated with ovarian teratoma.However,NMDARE has also been described in patients with small cell lung cancer,clear cell renal carcinoma,and other benign and malignant neoplasms.Diagnosis is based on correlation of the clinical presentation,electro-encephalography,laboratory studies,and imaging.Computed tomography,positron emission tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging are essential to identify an underlying tumor,exclude clinicopathologic mimics,and predict the likelihood of long-term functional impairment.Nuclear imaging may be of value for prognostication and to assess the response to therapy.Treatment may involve high-dose corticosteroids,intravenous immunoglobulin,and plasma exchange.Herein,we review the hallmark clinicopathologic features and imaging findings of this rare but potentially devastating condition and summarize diagnostic criteria,treatment regimens,and proposed pathogenetic mechanisms. 展开更多
关键词 Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-associated encephalitis Autoimmune encephalitis encephalitis Ovarian teratoma Paraneoplastic syndrome TERATOMA
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Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis Complicated by Acute Ischemic Stroke
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作者 Simona Zlatanova Oliana Boykinova 《Advances in Infectious Diseases》 CAS 2024年第2期387-392,共6页
Introduction: Herpes simplex virus is the most common etiology for life-threatening sporadic encephalitis worldwide. Antiviral therapy with acyclovir has been shown to reduce mortality and should be started promptly i... Introduction: Herpes simplex virus is the most common etiology for life-threatening sporadic encephalitis worldwide. Antiviral therapy with acyclovir has been shown to reduce mortality and should be started promptly in patients with clinically suspected viral encephalitis before serological confirmation of the diagnosis. Despite antiviral treatment, it is associated with significant mortality and a wide range of neurologic sequelae or neuropsychiatric disorders. Clinical presentation includes fever, headache, altered mental status, and focal or generalized seizures. In some cases, it can present with focal neurological deficits, such as an acute stroke. The aim of this study is to identify rare complications of HSVE. Presentation: We present a case of a 71-year-old female patient with herpes virus encephalitis and an ischemic cerebral accident. The findings of CT scan of the brain revealed an extensive right temporal hypodensity. CSF findings include an elevated protein level, normal glucose level and pleocytosis with lymphocyte predominance. The lumbar tap confirmed the presence of herpes simplex virus type 1 with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the CSF. Neurological manifestations include focal neurological deficit with left-sided hemiparesis and coma. After 40 days of complex therapy, an improvement in the mental state was observed. Conclusion: There are varying degrees of neurologic sequelae among survivors in children and adults despite the antiviral treatment. Herpes simplex encephalitis has significant morbidity and high mortality due to the lack of prophylactic treatment and preventable strategies. 展开更多
关键词 Herpes Virus encephalitis Focal Neurological Deficit Altered Mental Status Stroke Chameleon Persistently Positive CSF
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Serological Investigation into the Infected Genotypes of Patients with Japanese Encephalitis in the Coastal Provinces of China
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作者 Weijia Zhang Jierong Zhao +10 位作者 Qikai Yin Shenghui Liu Ruichen Wang Shihong Fu Fan Li Ying He Kai Nie Guodong Liang Songtao Xu Guang Yang Huanyu Wang 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第7期716-725,共10页
Objective Genotypes(G)1,3,and 5 of the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)have been isolated in China,but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains unknown.We searched for G5 JEV-infected cases a... Objective Genotypes(G)1,3,and 5 of the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)have been isolated in China,but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains unknown.We searched for G5 JEV-infected cases and attempted to elucidate which JEV genotype was most closely related to human Japanese encephalitis(JE)in the coastal provinces of China.Methods In this study,we collected serum specimens from patients with JE in three coastal provinces of China(Guangdong,Zhejiang,and Shandong)from 2018 to 2020 and conducted JEV cross-neutralization tests against G1,G3,and G5.Results Acute serum specimens from clinically reported JE cases were obtained for laboratory confirmation from hospitals in Shandong(92 patients),Zhejiang(192 patients),and Guangdong(77 patients),China,from 2018 to 2020.Seventy of the 361 serum specimens were laboratory-confirmed to be infected with JEV.Two cases were confirmed to be infected with G1 JEV,32 with G3 JEV,and two with G5 JEV.Conclusion G3 was the primary infection genotype among JE cases with a definite infection genotype,and the infection caused by G5 JEV was confirmed serologically in China. 展开更多
关键词 Japanese encephalitis virus Serological investigation Plaque reduction neutralization test Cross-neutralization test GENOTYPE
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The Diagnostic Value of Oligoclonal Band Detection in Viral Encephalitis
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作者 Anqi Huang Xianyue Meng Xueli Li# 《Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science》 2024年第1期23-31,共9页
Objective: This study aims to explore the differences in cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal band (CSF-OCB) expression among different age groups in viral encephalitis and its reference value for diagnosis. Methods: Forty... Objective: This study aims to explore the differences in cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal band (CSF-OCB) expression among different age groups in viral encephalitis and its reference value for diagnosis. Methods: Forty-two patients with viral encephalitis were divided into two groups: 25 adults and 17 children. The presence of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was detected using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and CSF routine analysis was conducted for comparative analysis. Results: The CSF-OCB positivity rate was higher in the adult group (48%) compared with the pediatric group (11.76%), with a statistically significant difference (P Conclusion: 1) The expression of CSF-OCB positivity in patients with viral encephalitis is age-related, with higher positivity rates observed in adults compared to children. 2) Although CSF oligoclonal band detection is not a specific diagnostic marker for viral encephalitis in adults, it still holds certain reference value. 展开更多
关键词 Oligoclonal Band Detection Viral encephalitis Routine Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Age
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Anti-contact protein-associated protein 2 antibody encephalitis in children:A case report
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作者 Hong-Yun Chen Juan Wang +4 位作者 Dan-Yang Song Bin Wang Zhi-Yun Xu Qian Wu Zhi-Liang Wang 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第20期4365-4371,共7页
BACKGROUND Anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2(CASPR2)antibody encephalitis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of antibodies against the voltage-gated potassium channel.This leads to neurolog... BACKGROUND Anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2(CASPR2)antibody encephalitis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of antibodies against the voltage-gated potassium channel.This leads to neurological symptoms,such as seizures,cognitive decline,and neuropathic pain,primarily affecting the limbic system.The prognosis of this disorder varies among individuals.CASE SUMMARY The patient,a girl aged nine years and nine months,underwent treatment for 14 to 21 d.The main clinical manifestations were vomiting and unclear consciousness,positive pathological signs,normal cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,and abnormal electroencephalogram.The child was discharged after receiving immunoglobulin and hormone treatment.Subsequent follow-up over a period of 15 months after discharge,conducted through telephone and outpatient visits,showed no recurrence of symptoms.CONCLUSION Anti-CASPR2 antibody autoimmune encephalitis in children is rare,mainly manifested as convulsions,mental abnormalities,cognitive impairment,and neuropathic pain,among others.Timely evaluation for autoimmune encephalitis antibodies is crucial,especially in cases of recurrent central nervous system involvement in children. 展开更多
关键词 Autoimmune encephalitis CHILDREN Anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 Case report
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Isolated Hyperacute T-Waves in West Nile Encephalitis Indicating Atypical Variant of Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy
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作者 Soomal Rafique Nadeem Khan Momin Siddique 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2024年第2期303-310,共8页
Several cardiac outcomes have been reported with West Nile-encephalitis;however, the underlying pathophysiology remains complex. We present a 42-year-old female, with multiple sclerosis, whose neurological symptoms an... Several cardiac outcomes have been reported with West Nile-encephalitis;however, the underlying pathophysiology remains complex. We present a 42-year-old female, with multiple sclerosis, whose neurological symptoms and respiratory decline were finally explained by the diagnosis of West Nile-encephalitis. During her admission, the isolated peaked T-waves indicated the underlying stress-induced cardiomyopathy. The absence of all other causes of hyperacute T-waves, their subsequent resolution with the resolution of infection and improvement in wall motion abnormalities, further supported the association. This case highlights the importance of considering hyperacute T-waves in an approach towards the diagnosis of WNV-encephalitis related atypical variant of stress-induced cardiomyopathy. 展开更多
关键词 West Nile Virus encephalitis WNV Hyperacute T-Waves Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Atypical/Inverted Variant of Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy CMP
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Two Cases of Autoimmune Encephalitis with Multiple Anti-neuronal Antibodies
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作者 Guomin Xie Wen Zhao Xiping Wu 《Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research》 2024年第8期15-20,共6页
Autoimmune encephalitis(AE)can arise from various etiologies and present with complex clinical manifestations,especially in cases involving multiple anti-neuronal antibodies.This report presents two cases of AE with m... Autoimmune encephalitis(AE)can arise from various etiologies and present with complex clinical manifestations,especially in cases involving multiple anti-neuronal antibodies.This report presents two cases of AE with multiple anti-neuronal antibodies admitted to Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital on October 9,2020,and March 12,2024.Case 1 is a 15-year-old boy with positive anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)and anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5(mGluR5)antibodies in his serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF).Case 2 is a 14-year-old boy with positive NMDAR and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG)antibodies in his CSF.Patients with AE who have multiple anti-neuronal antibodies present significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges,warranting close clinical attention. 展开更多
关键词 Autoimmune encephalitis Anti-neuronal antibody Treatment
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Varicella-Zoster Virus Encephalitis with Hyponatremia in an Immunocompetent Elderly Patient:A Case Report
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作者 Luxuan Yang Wenyong Zhang +2 位作者 Xiujuan Shen Meiqi Liu Dan Xiao 《Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research》 2024年第9期53-58,共6页
As a common cause of viral encephalitis,varicella-zoster virus(VZV)may invade the central nervous system of immunosuppressed patients during reactivation.Herein,we report a rare case of an immunocompetent patient with... As a common cause of viral encephalitis,varicella-zoster virus(VZV)may invade the central nervous system of immunosuppressed patients during reactivation.Herein,we report a rare case of an immunocompetent patient with VZV encephalitis who developed severe hyponatremia and was considered to have a suspected primary infection.The patient was diagnosed with the support of second-generation sequencing and had persistent hyponatremia after being cured.Although rare,this case suggests that VZV encephalitis may occur in unexpected patients and present with unusual clinical manifestations,requiring advanced detection methods and clinical expertise for resolution. 展开更多
关键词 Varicella-zoster virus encephalitis IMMUNOCOMPETENT HYPONATREMIA
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Analysis of the Effectiveness of Targeted Nursing in Children with Severe Viral Encephalitis Complicated with Respiratory Failure
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作者 Dechen Zhao 《Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research》 2024年第1期65-70,共6页
Objective:To explore and analyze the effectiveness of targeted nursing in children with severe viral encephalitis complicated with respiratory failure.Methods:From April 2021 to April 2023,74 children with severe vira... Objective:To explore and analyze the effectiveness of targeted nursing in children with severe viral encephalitis complicated with respiratory failure.Methods:From April 2021 to April 2023,74 children with severe viral encephalitis complicated with respiratory failure admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of our hospital were selected as the research objects and divided into the target group(n=37)and the reference group(n=37).Targeted nursing was given to the target group,while general nursing was given to the reference group.Physical rehabilitation,motor scores,and lung function were compared between the groups.Results:The recovery time of limb abnormalities,convulsions,abnormal consciousness,and cranial nerve disorders in the target group was significantly better than that in the reference group(P<0.05).The motor function,joint activity and pain,sensory function,and total score of the target group were significantly lower than those of the reference group(P<0.05).After the intervention,lung function indicators including VC(vital capacity),FVC(forced vital capacity),and MVV(maximum voluntary ventilation)of the target group were better than those of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Targeted nursing can shorten the recovery period of severe viral encephalitis complicated with respiratory failure in children,speed up the recovery of motor function,and improve lung function.This nursing model has a significant application effect in children with severe viral encephalitis complicated with respiratory failure. 展开更多
关键词 Targeted nursing Severe viral encephalitis in children Respiratory failure
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Advances in viral encephalitis:Viral transmission,host immunity,and experimental animal models 被引量:6
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作者 Dan Yang Xiao-Jing Li +2 位作者 De-Zhen Tu Xiu-Li Li Bin Wei 《Zoological Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第3期525-542,共18页
Viral infections have led to many public health crises and pandemics in the last few centuries.Neurotropic virus infection-induced viral encephalitis(VE),especially the symptomatic inflammation of the meninges and bra... Viral infections have led to many public health crises and pandemics in the last few centuries.Neurotropic virus infection-induced viral encephalitis(VE),especially the symptomatic inflammation of the meninges and brain parenchyma,has attracted growing attention due to its high mortality and disability rates.Understanding the infectious routes of neurotropic viruses and the mechanism underlying the host immune response is critical to reduce viral spread and improve antiviral therapy outcomes.In this review,we summarize the common categories of neurotropic viruses,viral transmission routes in the body,host immune responses,and experimental animal models used for VE study to gain a deeper understanding of recent progress in the pathogenic and immunological mechanisms under neurotropic viral infection.This review should provide valuable resources and perspectives on how to cope with pandemic infections. 展开更多
关键词 Neurotropic viruses Viral encephalitis Meningeal immunity Experimental animal models
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Electroconvulsive therapy and/or plasmapheresis in autoimmune encephalitis? 被引量:8
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作者 Jessica L Gough Jan Coebergh +1 位作者 Brunda Chandra Ramin Nilforooshan 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2016年第8期223-228,共6页
Autoimmune encephalitis is a poorly understood condition that can present with a combination of neurological and psychiatric symptoms, either of which may predominate. There are many autoantibodies associated with a v... Autoimmune encephalitis is a poorly understood condition that can present with a combination of neurological and psychiatric symptoms, either of which may predominate. There are many autoantibodies associated with a variety of clinical syndromes-anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor(NMDAR) is the commonest. Currently, the most widely used therapy is prompt plasmapheresis and steroid treatment(and tumour resection if indicated), followed by second line immunosuppression if this fails. Given the growing awareness of autoimmune encephalitis as an entity, it is increasingly important that we consider it as a potential diagnosis in order to provide timely, effective treatment. We discuss several previously published case reports and one new case. These reports examined the effects of electroconvulsive therapy(ECT) on patients with autoimmune encephalitis, particularly those in whom psychiatric symptoms are especially debilitating and refractory to standard treatment. We also discuss factors predicting good outcome and possible mechanisms by which ECT may be effective. Numerous cases, such as those presented by Wingfield, Tsutsui, Florance, Sansing, Braakman and Matsumoto, demonstrate effective use of ECT in anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients with severe psychiatric symptoms such as catatonia, psychosis, narcolepsy and stupor who had failed to respond to standard treatments alone. We also present a new case of a 71-year-old female who presented to a psychiatric unit initially with depression, which escalated to catatonia, delusions, nihilism and auditory hallucinations. After anti-NMDAR antibodies were isolated, she was treated by the neurology team with plasmapheresis and steroids, with a partial response. She received multiple sessions of ECT and her psychiatric symptoms completely resolved and she returned to her premorbid state. For this reason, we suggest that ECT should be considered, particularly in those patients who are non-responders to standard therapies. 展开更多
关键词 AUTOIMMUNE encephalitis Electroconvulsive THERAPIES AUTOANTIBODIES PLASMAPHERESIS
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Anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein 1 encephalitis with sleep disturbance as the first symptom: A case report and review of literature 被引量:2
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作者 De-Lian Kong 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2023年第2期408-416,共9页
BACKGROUND Anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein 1(anti-LGI1) encephalitis is an infrequent type of autoimmune encephalitis(AE) characterized by acute or subacute cognitive and psychiatric disturbance, facio-br... BACKGROUND Anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein 1(anti-LGI1) encephalitis is an infrequent type of autoimmune encephalitis(AE) characterized by acute or subacute cognitive and psychiatric disturbance, facio-brachial dystonic seizures(FBDSs), and hyponatremia. Anti-LGI1 AE has increasingly been considered a primary form of AE. Early identification and treatment of this disease are clearly very important.CASE SUMMARY Here, we report that a male patient developed severe anti-LGI1 encephalitis, which was initially misdiagnosed as a sleep disturbance. He was hospitalized for epileptic seizures and typical FBDSs half a month after he developed sleep disturbances. LGI1 antibodies were detected in his cerebrospinal fluid and serum(1:100 and 1:3.2, respectively), which led to the diagnosis of classic anti-LGI1 AE. No obvious abnormality was observed on brain computed tomography images. T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and T2-weighted scans of brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) showed slightly elevated signals within the left basal ganglia area. No tumor was detected within the brain of this patient using MRI. After hormone and antiepileptic drug treatment, the patient’s symptoms improved significantly.CONCLUSION Anti-LGI1 antibody-associated encephalitis has characteristic clinical manifestations, such as cognitive impairment, psychiatric symptoms, seizures, sleep disorders, hyponatremia, and FBDSs. LGI1 antibodies are present in the serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid, but their production is sensitive to immunosuppressants, and this disease has a relatively good prognosis. In particular, we should be aware of the possibility of anti-LGI1 antibody-associated encephalitis in adolescents with sleep disorders to avoid missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses. 展开更多
关键词 Leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 antibody Autoimmune encephalitis Sleep disturbance Seizures Facio-brachial dystonic seizures Case report
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Revolutionizing gastric cancer treatment:The potential of immunotherapy 被引量:1
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作者 Grigorios Christodoulidis Konstantinos Eleftherios Koumarelas Marina Nektaria Kouliou 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第4期286-289,共4页
Gastric cancer,a prevalent malignancy worldwide,ranks sixth in terms of frequency and third in fatality,causing over a million new cases and 769000 annual deaths.Predominant in Eastern Europe and Eastern Asia,risk fac... Gastric cancer,a prevalent malignancy worldwide,ranks sixth in terms of frequency and third in fatality,causing over a million new cases and 769000 annual deaths.Predominant in Eastern Europe and Eastern Asia,risk factors include family medical history,dietary habits,tobacco use,Helicobacter pylori,and Epstein-Barr virus infections.Unfortunately,gastric cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage,leading to a grim prognosis,with a 5-year overall survival rate below 5%.Surgical intervention,particularly with D2 Lymphadenectomy,is the mainstay for early-stage cases but offers limited success.For advanced cases,the National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends chemotherapy,radiation,and targeted therapy.Emerging immunotherapy presents promise,especially for unresectable or metastatic cases,with strategies like immune checkpoint inhibitors,tumor vaccines,adoptive immunotherapy,and nonspecific immunomodulators.In this Editorial,with regards to the article“Advances and key focus areas in gastric cancer immunotherapy:A comprehensive scientometric and clinical trial review”,we address the advances in the field of immunotherapy in gastric cancer and its future prospects. 展开更多
关键词 IMMUNOtherapy Adaptive immunotherapy Tumor vaccines Chimeric antigen receptor therapy Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes therapy Natural killer therapy Cytokine-induced killer therapy Engineered T cell receptor therapy Immune checkpoint inhibitors
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Epidemic Japanese B encephalitis combined with contactinassociated protein-like 2 antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis:A case report
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作者 Pan Huang 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2023年第6期1379-1384,共6页
BACKGROUND It is not uncommon to develop viral encephalitis.Epidemic Japanese B encephalitis infection combined with contactin-associated protein-like 2(CASPR-2)antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis has not been r... BACKGROUND It is not uncommon to develop viral encephalitis.Epidemic Japanese B encephalitis infection combined with contactin-associated protein-like 2(CASPR-2)antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis has not been reported at present.In clinical work,we need to consider more options.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old male worker presented with headache,fever and call-unresponsive presentation.Complete cranial magnetic resonance image showed symmetrical abnormal signals in bilateral medial temporal lobe,bilateral thalamus and basal ganglia.Improved lumbar puncture showed that cerebrospinal fluid protein and cell count increased significantly.Viral encephalitis was considered,and the patient's consciousness still increased rapidly after antiviral treatment.Further detection of Cerebrospinal fluid Japanese B encephalitis virus Polymerase Chain Reaction positive,serum autoimmune encephalitis antibody showed CASPR-2 antibody positive(1:320),the patient's condition gradually improved after plasma exchange treatment.3 mo later,the serum CASPR-2 antibody was negative and the patient's condition was stable.CONCLUSION This article reports the world’s first case of Epidemic Japanese B encephalitis infection combined with CASPR-2 antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis,with a view to raising awareness. 展开更多
关键词 Epidemic Japanese B encephalitis Contactin-associated protein-like 2 antibody Autoimmune encephalitis
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Autoimmune complications and clinical outcomes of herpes simplex encephalitis in children: A case series
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作者 Gül Demet KayaÖzçora Elif Söbü +2 位作者 Türkan UygurŞahin Enes Salı Gonca Bektaş 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine》 SCIE CAS 2023年第5期232-238,共7页
Objective:To report the neurologic prognosis and autoimmune complications of 16 cases of childhood herpes simplex virus encephalitis.Methods:The study was conducted atŞanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital,Turkey fr... Objective:To report the neurologic prognosis and autoimmune complications of 16 cases of childhood herpes simplex virus encephalitis.Methods:The study was conducted atŞanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital,Turkey from June 2017 to August 2019.The study included 16 pediatric patients aged between 6 months and 17 years(median age 77.7 months)who were diagnosed with herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis by pediatric infectious disease and pediatric neurology clinics.Patients were followed using patient records,and interviews at the pediatric neurology clinic or via the telephone.Clinical and demographic data,received therapies,neurologic prognosis and complications were evaluated.Results:Patients with and without autoimmune encephalitis were compared in terms of age,sex,symptom duration before treatment,initial cerebrospinal fluid protein,glucose,red blood count and white blood count but no significant difference was found.Autoimmune complications were seen in four patients.N-methyl-D-aspartate encephalitis was observed in three patients and choreoathetosis was seen in one patient.The average follow-up period was 48.3 months.Twenty-five percent of the patients were receiving multiple antiepileptic drug(AED)treatment,43.8%were receiving single AED treatment and 31.3%were not receiving AED treatment at the end of the follow-up.Motor disability was observed in 12.5%and drug-resistant epilepsy was observed in 6.3%who had autoimmune complications.Conclusions:Seizures and movement disorders were controlled with immunotherapy and autoantibodies should be studied routinely.Treatment should be started early upon recognition of autoimmune complications through follow-up by measuring autoantibody levels and clinical examination results.Effective prevention and curative treatment modalities are needed to avoid herpes simplex virus encephalitis complications. 展开更多
关键词 Herpes simplex virus encephalitis Autoimmune complications EPILEPSY CHILDREN STEROID PROGNOSIS
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Late-onset mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes syndrome with mitochondrial DNA 3243A>G mutation masquerading as autoimmune encephalitis:A case report
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作者 Jian-Wei Wang Xiao-Bo Yuan Hong-Fang Chen 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2023年第14期3275-3281,共7页
BACKGROUND Here,we present a unique case of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes(MELAS)syndrome,which initially appeared to be autoimmune encephalitis and was ultimately confir... BACKGROUND Here,we present a unique case of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes(MELAS)syndrome,which initially appeared to be autoimmune encephalitis and was ultimately confirmed as MELAS with the mitochondrial DNA 3243A>G mutation.CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old female presented with acute-onset speech impediment and auditory hallucinations,symmetrical bitemporal lobe abnormalities,clinical and laboratory findings,and a lack of relevant prodromal history,which suggested diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis.Further work-up,in conjunction with the patient’s medical history,family history,and lactate peak on brain lesions on magnetic resonance imaging,suggested a mitochondrial disorder.Mitochondrial genome analysis revealed the m.3243A>G variant in the MT-TL1 gene,which led to a diagnosis of MELAS syndrome.CONCLUSION This case underscores the importance of considering MELAS as a potential cause of autoimmune encephalitis even if patients are over 40 years of age,as the symptoms and signs are atypical for MELAS syndrome. 展开更多
关键词 MELAS Mitochondrial DNA mutation encephalitis Case report
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