Environment perception is one of the most critical technology of intelligent transportation systems(ITS).Motion interaction between multiple vehicles in ITS makes it important to perform multi-object tracking(MOT).How...Environment perception is one of the most critical technology of intelligent transportation systems(ITS).Motion interaction between multiple vehicles in ITS makes it important to perform multi-object tracking(MOT).However,most existing MOT algorithms follow the tracking-by-detection framework,which separates detection and tracking into two independent segments and limit the global efciency.Recently,a few algorithms have combined feature extraction into one network;however,the tracking portion continues to rely on data association,and requires com‑plex post-processing for life cycle management.Those methods do not combine detection and tracking efciently.This paper presents a novel network to realize joint multi-object detection and tracking in an end-to-end manner for ITS,named as global correlation network(GCNet).Unlike most object detection methods,GCNet introduces a global correlation layer for regression of absolute size and coordinates of bounding boxes,instead of ofsetting predictions.The pipeline of detection and tracking in GCNet is conceptually simple,and does not require compli‑cated tracking strategies such as non-maximum suppression and data association.GCNet was evaluated on a multivehicle tracking dataset,UA-DETRAC,demonstrating promising performance compared to state-of-the-art detectors and trackers.展开更多
This paper presents the multi-step Q-learning(MQL)algorithm as an autonomic approach to thejoint radio resource management(JRRM)among heterogeneous radio access technologies(RATs)in theB3G environment.Through the'...This paper presents the multi-step Q-learning(MQL)algorithm as an autonomic approach to thejoint radio resource management(JRRM)among heterogeneous radio access technologies(RATs)in theB3G environment.Through the'trial-and-error'on-line learning process,the JRRM controller can con-verge to the optimized admission control policy.The JRRM controller learns to give the best allocation foreach session in terms of both the access RAT and the service bandwidth.Simulation results show that theproposed algorithm realizes the autonomy of JRRM and achieves well trade-off between the spectrum utilityand the blocking probability comparing to the load-balancing algorithm and the utility-maximizing algo-rithm.Besides,the proposed algorithm has better online performances and convergence speed than theone-step Q-learning(QL)algorithm.Therefore,the user statisfaction degree could be improved also.展开更多
An adaptive joint source channel bit allocation method for video communications over error-prone channel is proposed.To protect the bit-streams from the channel bit errors,the rate compatible punctured convolution(RCP...An adaptive joint source channel bit allocation method for video communications over error-prone channel is proposed.To protect the bit-streams from the channel bit errors,the rate compatible punctured convolution(RCPC)code is used to produce coding rates varying from 4/5 to 1/2 using the same encoder and the Viterbi decoder.An expected end-to-end distortion model was presented to estimate the distortion introduced in compressed source coding due to quantization and channel bit errors jointly.Based on the proposed end-to-end distortion model,an adaptive joint source-channel bit allocation method was proposed under time-varying error-prone channel conditions.Simulated results show that the proposed methods could utilize the available channel capacity more efficiently and achieve better video quality than the other fixed coding-based bit allocation methods when transmitting over error-prone channels.展开更多
目的探讨关节镜下治疗不同肩肱距离(acromiohumeral distance,AHD)的大型和巨大肩袖撕裂的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年6月于徐州医科大学附属医院骨科接受关节镜治疗的125例大型和巨大肩袖撕裂患者的临床资料。根据AHD...目的探讨关节镜下治疗不同肩肱距离(acromiohumeral distance,AHD)的大型和巨大肩袖撕裂的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年6月于徐州医科大学附属医院骨科接受关节镜治疗的125例大型和巨大肩袖撕裂患者的临床资料。根据AHD不同分为2组,AHD≥7 mm患者69例(AHD正常组),AHD<7 mm患者56例(AHD减小组)。比较2组患者术前和术后1年疼痛视觉模拟评分(vsual analogue score,VAS)、Constant-Murley评分、美国加州大学洛杉矶分校肩关节评分(University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Scores,UCLA)、美国肩肘外科医师学会评分(American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons,ASES)和肩关节活动度,并进行统计学分析。术后1年根据肩关节MRI影像学Sugaya分型标准评估肩袖愈合情况,比较2组术后肩袖再撕裂发生率。结果2组患者的AHD值比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其他一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术后1年时,2组患者的肩关节活动度较术前均有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AHD正常组的肩关节活动度(前屈、外展、体侧外旋)优于AHD减小组(均P<0.05)。术后1年,2组的VAS、Constant-Murley、UCLA、ASES评分较术前均有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。AHD正常组的VAS、Constant-Murley、UCLA、ASES评分均优于AHD减小组(均P<0.05)。术后1年时复查MRI,AHD正常组再撕裂率为13.0%(9/69),AHD减小组再撕裂率为30.4%(17/56),差异有统计学意义(P=0.018)。结论对于大型和巨大肩袖撕裂患者,AHD正常者比AHD减小者肩袖修复术后疼痛缓解更明显,肩关节功能更好,肩袖再撕裂发生率更低。AHD可以作为大型和巨大肩袖撕裂修复术后临床疗效的一个预测指标。展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB1600402)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52072212)+1 种基金Dongfeng USharing Technology Co.,Ltd.,China Intelli‑gent and Connected Vehicles(Beijing)Research Institute Co.,Ltd.“Shuimu Tsinghua Scholarship”of Tsinghua University of China.
文摘Environment perception is one of the most critical technology of intelligent transportation systems(ITS).Motion interaction between multiple vehicles in ITS makes it important to perform multi-object tracking(MOT).However,most existing MOT algorithms follow the tracking-by-detection framework,which separates detection and tracking into two independent segments and limit the global efciency.Recently,a few algorithms have combined feature extraction into one network;however,the tracking portion continues to rely on data association,and requires com‑plex post-processing for life cycle management.Those methods do not combine detection and tracking efciently.This paper presents a novel network to realize joint multi-object detection and tracking in an end-to-end manner for ITS,named as global correlation network(GCNet).Unlike most object detection methods,GCNet introduces a global correlation layer for regression of absolute size and coordinates of bounding boxes,instead of ofsetting predictions.The pipeline of detection and tracking in GCNet is conceptually simple,and does not require compli‑cated tracking strategies such as non-maximum suppression and data association.GCNet was evaluated on a multivehicle tracking dataset,UA-DETRAC,demonstrating promising performance compared to state-of-the-art detectors and trackers.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60632030)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2006AA01Z276)
文摘This paper presents the multi-step Q-learning(MQL)algorithm as an autonomic approach to thejoint radio resource management(JRRM)among heterogeneous radio access technologies(RATs)in theB3G environment.Through the'trial-and-error'on-line learning process,the JRRM controller can con-verge to the optimized admission control policy.The JRRM controller learns to give the best allocation foreach session in terms of both the access RAT and the service bandwidth.Simulation results show that theproposed algorithm realizes the autonomy of JRRM and achieves well trade-off between the spectrum utilityand the blocking probability comparing to the load-balancing algorithm and the utility-maximizing algo-rithm.Besides,the proposed algorithm has better online performances and convergence speed than theone-step Q-learning(QL)algorithm.Therefore,the user statisfaction degree could be improved also.
基金National High-Tech Research and Development Plan of China(No.2003AA1Z2130)Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province,China(No.2006C11200)
文摘An adaptive joint source channel bit allocation method for video communications over error-prone channel is proposed.To protect the bit-streams from the channel bit errors,the rate compatible punctured convolution(RCPC)code is used to produce coding rates varying from 4/5 to 1/2 using the same encoder and the Viterbi decoder.An expected end-to-end distortion model was presented to estimate the distortion introduced in compressed source coding due to quantization and channel bit errors jointly.Based on the proposed end-to-end distortion model,an adaptive joint source-channel bit allocation method was proposed under time-varying error-prone channel conditions.Simulated results show that the proposed methods could utilize the available channel capacity more efficiently and achieve better video quality than the other fixed coding-based bit allocation methods when transmitting over error-prone channels.
文摘目的探讨关节镜下治疗不同肩肱距离(acromiohumeral distance,AHD)的大型和巨大肩袖撕裂的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年6月于徐州医科大学附属医院骨科接受关节镜治疗的125例大型和巨大肩袖撕裂患者的临床资料。根据AHD不同分为2组,AHD≥7 mm患者69例(AHD正常组),AHD<7 mm患者56例(AHD减小组)。比较2组患者术前和术后1年疼痛视觉模拟评分(vsual analogue score,VAS)、Constant-Murley评分、美国加州大学洛杉矶分校肩关节评分(University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Scores,UCLA)、美国肩肘外科医师学会评分(American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons,ASES)和肩关节活动度,并进行统计学分析。术后1年根据肩关节MRI影像学Sugaya分型标准评估肩袖愈合情况,比较2组术后肩袖再撕裂发生率。结果2组患者的AHD值比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其他一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术后1年时,2组患者的肩关节活动度较术前均有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AHD正常组的肩关节活动度(前屈、外展、体侧外旋)优于AHD减小组(均P<0.05)。术后1年,2组的VAS、Constant-Murley、UCLA、ASES评分较术前均有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。AHD正常组的VAS、Constant-Murley、UCLA、ASES评分均优于AHD减小组(均P<0.05)。术后1年时复查MRI,AHD正常组再撕裂率为13.0%(9/69),AHD减小组再撕裂率为30.4%(17/56),差异有统计学意义(P=0.018)。结论对于大型和巨大肩袖撕裂患者,AHD正常者比AHD减小者肩袖修复术后疼痛缓解更明显,肩关节功能更好,肩袖再撕裂发生率更低。AHD可以作为大型和巨大肩袖撕裂修复术后临床疗效的一个预测指标。
