Objective: To evaluate the relationships between Bcl-X expression and apoptosis in normal endometrium (NE), endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and adenocarcinoma (EA). Methods: Immunohistochemical technique was used to exam...Objective: To evaluate the relationships between Bcl-X expression and apoptosis in normal endometrium (NE), endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and adenocarcinoma (EA). Methods: Immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the localization and expression of Bcl-X proteins in 55 cases of NE, 18 cases of EH and 13 cases of EA. The expression form of Bcl-X protein in normal or abnormal endometrium was further characterized by Western blot analysis. Results: As assessed by immunohistochemistry, Bcl-X proteins were predominantly localized in cytoplasm and nuclear membrane of glandular epithelial cells of the basal layer during the proliferative phase, and the functional layer during the secretory phase. Level of Bcl-X protein was lower in proliferative phase and remarkably increased in the late secretory and the menstrual phase. By Western blotting, it was found the form of Bcl-X was mainly Bcl-XL in proliferative and secretory endometrium. Weak expression of Bcl-Xs was only found in secretory endometrium. Weak Bcl-X expression was also found in cytoplasm of glandular cells of nonatypical hyperplasia, but strong staining presented in atypical hyperplasia, and the only form detected by Western blotting was Bcl-XL. While in adenocarcinoma, both Bcl-XL. and Bcl-Xs existed but the amount of the long form was much higher than that of the short one. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the existance of Bcl-X, especially Bcl-XL plays a role in the regulation of apoptosis in the human endometrium, not only in cycling endometrium but also in endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma just like the other members of the Bcl-2 family.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer is a kind of well-known tumors of female genitourinary system.Cervical stromal invasion is an adverse factor for poor prognosis of endometrial cancer.There is still controversy regarding ...BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer is a kind of well-known tumors of female genitourinary system.Cervical stromal invasion is an adverse factor for poor prognosis of endometrial cancer.There is still controversy regarding the use of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the diagnosis of cervical stromal invasion of endometrial cancer.The diagnosis of cervical stromal invasion varies significantly between different observers and institutions.We present a limited case series of the particular pattern of endometrial cancer,which infiltrates the cervical stroma and is often overlooked.CASE SUMMARY We present three cases of endometrial carcinoma with cervical stromal invasion with cancer-free uterine cavity.One patient,a reproductive-aged woman,exhibited irregular menstruation and was diagnosed with endometrial polyps by hysteroscopy and segmental curettage.A MRI scan revealed polypoid nodules within the internal cervical orifice.The other two cases were postmenopausal women who presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding.Hysteroscopy and segmental curettage suggested atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium.MRI scans did not detect any malignant signs in the endometrium.In one case,a nonthickened endometrium was observed,while in another,hyperplasia of the endometrium was seen.Notably,none of these patients had malignant tumors identified in the uterine cavity via MRI scans.However,postoperative pathological results following hysterectomy consistently indicated cervical stromal invasion.CONCLUSION Cervical stromal invasion is easily missed if no cancer is found in the uterine body on MRI.Immunohistochemistry of endoscopic curettage specimens should be conducted to avoid underestimation of the disease.展开更多
目的探讨宫腔镜下子宫内膜电切术(transcervica resection of endometrium,TCRE)联合高效孕激素治疗子宫内膜非典型增生的疗效。方法回顾性分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院2000年1月—2010年10月28例因子宫内膜非典型增生行TCRE术患者的...目的探讨宫腔镜下子宫内膜电切术(transcervica resection of endometrium,TCRE)联合高效孕激素治疗子宫内膜非典型增生的疗效。方法回顾性分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院2000年1月—2010年10月28例因子宫内膜非典型增生行TCRE术患者的临床资料,并对预后及子宫内膜转归情况进行随访。结果 26例患者均一次手术顺利,2例患者因术中怀疑内膜癌变,病理确诊为重度非典型增生后3个月行TCRE,28例患者均无严重并发症发生,术后月经及贫血均得到明显改善,总有效率为92.86%。术后1年1例患者因工作调动失访,术后2年1例患者因车祸死亡。术后6月28例患者好转率为100%(28/28);术后1年好转率为85.71%(25/28),复发率为14.29%(3/28),癌变率为0;术后2年好转率为80.76%(21/26),复发率为19.23%(5/26),癌变率为0;术后3年好转率为85%(17/20),复发率为10%(2/20),癌变率为5%(1/20);术后4年好转率为72.22%(13/18),复发率为16.67%(3/18),癌变率为11.11%(2/18)。结论对有随访条件的患者,TCRE术联合孕激素是治疗子宫内膜非典型增生的有效手段。展开更多
文摘Objective: To evaluate the relationships between Bcl-X expression and apoptosis in normal endometrium (NE), endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and adenocarcinoma (EA). Methods: Immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the localization and expression of Bcl-X proteins in 55 cases of NE, 18 cases of EH and 13 cases of EA. The expression form of Bcl-X protein in normal or abnormal endometrium was further characterized by Western blot analysis. Results: As assessed by immunohistochemistry, Bcl-X proteins were predominantly localized in cytoplasm and nuclear membrane of glandular epithelial cells of the basal layer during the proliferative phase, and the functional layer during the secretory phase. Level of Bcl-X protein was lower in proliferative phase and remarkably increased in the late secretory and the menstrual phase. By Western blotting, it was found the form of Bcl-X was mainly Bcl-XL in proliferative and secretory endometrium. Weak expression of Bcl-Xs was only found in secretory endometrium. Weak Bcl-X expression was also found in cytoplasm of glandular cells of nonatypical hyperplasia, but strong staining presented in atypical hyperplasia, and the only form detected by Western blotting was Bcl-XL. While in adenocarcinoma, both Bcl-XL. and Bcl-Xs existed but the amount of the long form was much higher than that of the short one. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the existance of Bcl-X, especially Bcl-XL plays a role in the regulation of apoptosis in the human endometrium, not only in cycling endometrium but also in endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma just like the other members of the Bcl-2 family.
文摘BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer is a kind of well-known tumors of female genitourinary system.Cervical stromal invasion is an adverse factor for poor prognosis of endometrial cancer.There is still controversy regarding the use of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the diagnosis of cervical stromal invasion of endometrial cancer.The diagnosis of cervical stromal invasion varies significantly between different observers and institutions.We present a limited case series of the particular pattern of endometrial cancer,which infiltrates the cervical stroma and is often overlooked.CASE SUMMARY We present three cases of endometrial carcinoma with cervical stromal invasion with cancer-free uterine cavity.One patient,a reproductive-aged woman,exhibited irregular menstruation and was diagnosed with endometrial polyps by hysteroscopy and segmental curettage.A MRI scan revealed polypoid nodules within the internal cervical orifice.The other two cases were postmenopausal women who presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding.Hysteroscopy and segmental curettage suggested atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium.MRI scans did not detect any malignant signs in the endometrium.In one case,a nonthickened endometrium was observed,while in another,hyperplasia of the endometrium was seen.Notably,none of these patients had malignant tumors identified in the uterine cavity via MRI scans.However,postoperative pathological results following hysterectomy consistently indicated cervical stromal invasion.CONCLUSION Cervical stromal invasion is easily missed if no cancer is found in the uterine body on MRI.Immunohistochemistry of endoscopic curettage specimens should be conducted to avoid underestimation of the disease.
文摘目的探讨宫腔镜下子宫内膜电切术(transcervica resection of endometrium,TCRE)联合高效孕激素治疗子宫内膜非典型增生的疗效。方法回顾性分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院2000年1月—2010年10月28例因子宫内膜非典型增生行TCRE术患者的临床资料,并对预后及子宫内膜转归情况进行随访。结果 26例患者均一次手术顺利,2例患者因术中怀疑内膜癌变,病理确诊为重度非典型增生后3个月行TCRE,28例患者均无严重并发症发生,术后月经及贫血均得到明显改善,总有效率为92.86%。术后1年1例患者因工作调动失访,术后2年1例患者因车祸死亡。术后6月28例患者好转率为100%(28/28);术后1年好转率为85.71%(25/28),复发率为14.29%(3/28),癌变率为0;术后2年好转率为80.76%(21/26),复发率为19.23%(5/26),癌变率为0;术后3年好转率为85%(17/20),复发率为10%(2/20),癌变率为5%(1/20);术后4年好转率为72.22%(13/18),复发率为16.67%(3/18),癌变率为11.11%(2/18)。结论对有随访条件的患者,TCRE术联合孕激素是治疗子宫内膜非典型增生的有效手段。
