Laboratory diagnosis of infectious endophthalmitis

AIM:To analyze the lab diagnosis and etiology of infectious endophthalmitis.METHODS:The medical and microbial records of 36 patients diagnosed with infectious endophthalmitis and 8 patients diagnosed with intraocular lens(IOL)-related inflammation between Nov.1999 and Dec.2009 were retrospectively reviewed for lab diagnosis and etiology.RESULTS:The inflammatory cell counts in all aqueous humor specimens from infectious endophthalmitis patients were more than in all aqueous humor specimens from patients with IOL-related inflammation.Sixteen of the 36 aqueous humor samples(44.4%) and 11 of the 24 vitreous humor samples(45.8%) from infectious endophthalmitis patients showed positive results in smears;while 17 aqueous humor samples(47.2%) and 15 vitreous humor samples(62.5%) from infectious endophthalmitis patients showed positive results in culture.CONCLUSION:The inflammatory cell count may be an important index for infectious endophthalmitis;while,smears can show etiological information earlier.

Nursing Care after Surgical Treatment of Fungal Endophthalmitis in Children

Purpose: To explore the nursing care following surgical treatment of fungal endophthalmitis in children.Methods: Thirty two children(32 eyes) with fungal endophthalmitis were enrolled in this study. After receiving antifungal medication,.the children underwent either intravitreal injection,.intravitreal injection of medicine combined with vitrectomy,.or intravitreal injection in combination with vitrectomy and intraocular C3F8 tamponade. Prior to surgery, psychological and quarantine nursing,.and medication use was properly prepared..After the surgery,.the changes in the severity of diseases were strictly observed..A suitable body posture was selected and the eyes were protected from infection.Results:.Among 32 patients with fungal endophthalmitis,.8(25%).cases presented with alleviated inflammation and no changes in visual acuity..The visual acuity of 18 cases(56.25%).was improved to different extents postoperatively. The inflammation in 6 children(18.75%) was properly controlled and the visual acuity declined. No cross-infection was noted in any patient.Conclusion: Prior to surgery, quarantine nursing and drug administration should be properly prepared. Postoperatively,the changes in the severity of diseases should be tightly monitored. The patients should be treated with effective therapies in a proper position,.aiming to enhance the surgical efficacy.

Endogenous Endophthalmitis as a Triggering Factor for Fatal Bacterial Meningitis Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae: A Case Report

Endogenous endophthalmitis is a rare condition with a poor long-term visual prognosis and significant mortality, often associated with the hematogenous spread of intravitreal infections and subsequent disruption of the blood-ocular barrier. Its anatomical proximity to the central nervous system (CNS) poses a high risk of infection dissemination, although cases documented in the literature are rare, and endogenous endophthalmitis is typically described as secondary to neuroinfections. We report the case of an 82-year-old female patient with a history of hypertension who presented with fever, decreased visual acuity, severe headache, chemosis, and conjunctival injection. Endogenous endophthalmitis was diagnosed, and antimicrobial treatment was initiated alongside surgical intervention by the ophthalmology service. However, the patient’s condition worsened neurologically, and Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified in cerebrospinal fluid cultures. Despite intensive medical treatment, the patient’s clinical course was poor, leading to death.

Research Advances in Infectious Mononucleosis Caused by Epstein-Barr Virus

Infectious mononucleosis (IM), primarily caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), manifests as the classic triad of fever, pharyngitis, and cervical lymphadenopathy. Severe cases may involve organ damage, most commonly affecting the liver. Diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical presentation and laboratory parameters, with commonly used indicators including EBV-specific antibodies, EBV-DNA load, and the ratio of atypical lymphocytes. Treatment primarily involves symptomatic supportive care, with a cautious approach to the routine use of antiviral medications. In recent years, significant research in traditional Chinese medicine has been conducted in China, showing promising advancements. This article provides a comprehensive review of EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis, offering insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Clinically Controlled Study on Children's Infectious Mononucleosis Treated by Chinese Medicine

Objective： To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Chinese drugs for the treatment of children＇s infectious mononucleosis （CIM）. Methods： Sixty CIM patients were assigned into the treated group and the control group, patients in the treated group were administered with Chinese herbal decoction, and those in the control group were treated with intravenous dripping of ganciclovir 10 mg/kg per day, for a treatment course of 14 days. Results： The total effective rate was 96.0% in the treated group and 97.1% in the control group, showing insignificant difference between groups. The efficacy in the treated group was superior to that in the control group on the fever clearance time （3.0 ± 1.5 days vs 4.9 ± 3.9 days ） and the disappearance time of cervical lymph node swelling （0.8 ± 1.0 score vs 1.5 ± 1.2 score）, showing statistical significance （all P〈0.05）. T-cell subsets were markedly improved in both groups after treatment. Adverse reaction occurred in four cases of the control group. Conclusion： Using Chinese herbs for clearing heat, removing toxin, activating blood circulation, and dissolving stasis is effective and safe for the treatment of CIM. It can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and shows a certain effect on immune regulation.

Epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of infectious mononucleosis in hospitalized children in China:A nationwide retrospective study

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)is very common,with the infection rate in adults over 90%worldwide.Infectious mononucleosis(IM)is caused by primary infection with EBV.Most IM patients are generally considered to have a favorable prognosis,but a few patients will also develop complications.Children with severe symptoms will require hospitalization.However,the disease burden of children hospitalized with IM in China has been rarely described.In this study,we included the Face sheets of discharge medical records from 27 member children's hospitals of Futang Research Center of Pediatric Development from Jan 1st,2016 to Dec 31st,2020,and medical information such as gender,age,region,time of admission,length of stay and expenditure were extracted.There were 24,120 IM cases,which accounted for 0.42%(24,120/5,693,262)of all hospitalized cases during this period.The ratio of male to female was 1.48:1.Hospitalization for IM in the 4-6 years age group was the highest among inpatients of all age groups.Case numbers increased year by year between 2016 and 2020,and the monthly hospitalization was generally high from Jul to Sep but reduced from Jan to Feb per year.Bronchitis/pneumonia and hepatic dysfunction were two common complications in hospitalized IM patients.The median length of stay was 8 days,and the median cost of hospitalization was 970.59 US dollars.This study will help understand the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of hospitalized children with IM in China.

Non-infectious endophthalmitis after vitrectomy

Background Non-infectious endophthalmitis was reported to occur after cataract surgery or intravitreal injections. This study reported a series of patients having non-infectious endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy in the same two operation rooms during the same period to estimate the risk factors for non-infectious endophthalmitis after vitrectomy. Methods Medical records of patients who presented with severe non-infectious endophthalmitis following vitrectomy between May 13 and June 8, 2011, were reviewed. The presenting symptoms and signs were collected, including visual acuity, intraocular pressure, cornea and anterior chamber activity. The treatments and results of microbiology examination were also recorded and analyzed. Results Ten patients were identified with severe non-infectious endophthalmitis, presenting 1 day after pars plana vitrectomy. Three eyes （30%） had previous intraocular surgeries, four （40%） had proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and one （10%） got pars plana vitrectomy combinded with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. All the patients were initially treated with topical and/or oral steroids. Only two patients had intravenous antibiotics because of the atypical presentation. One eye had paracentesis because of high intraocular pressure and the aqueous sample was sent for microbiological examination. The culture of the aqueous, air in the operation room, the swab from hand of surgeons, infusion fluid, and vitrectomy effluent were all negative for bacteria and fungi. The inflammation regressed rapidly after the initial treatment. Conclusions Intraocular surgery history, poor general health status, longer operation time, and more surgical procedures are the risk factors for non-infectious endophthalmitis after vitrectomy. It responds well to steroids.

Analysis of Common Respiratory Infected Pathogens in 3100 Children after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features in children after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Methods This study collected throat swabs and serum samples from hospitalized pediatric patients of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei province,China before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.Respiratory infected pathogens[adenovirus(ADV),influenza virus A/B(Flu A/B),parainfluenza virus 1/2/3(PIV1/2/3),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP),and Chlamydia pneumoniae(CP)]were detected.The pathogens,age,and gender were used to analyze the epidemiological features in children after the COVID-19 pandemic.Results The pathogen detection rate was significantly higher in females than in males(P<0.05),and the infection of PIV1 and MP was mainly manifested.After the COVID-19 pandemic,PIV1,PIV3,RSV,and MP had statistically different detection rates among the age groups(P<0.05),and was mainly detected in patients aged 0–6 years,0–3 years,0–3 years,and 1–6 years,respectively.When comparing before the COVID-19 pandemic,the total detection rate of common respiratory pathogens was lower(P<0.05).Except for the increase in the detection rate of PIV1 and CP,the infection rate of other pathogens had almost decreased.Conclusion The prevention and control measures for the COVID-19 pandemic effectively changed the epidemiological features of common respiratory tract infectious diseases in pediatric children.

Treatable causes of fever among children under five years in a seasonal malaria transmission area in Burkina Faso

Background:Fever remains a major public health problem.In Burkina Faso,more than half of febrile children are considered not to be infected by malaria.This study prospectively assessed probable(treatable)causes of fever in Burkinabe children.Methods:A prospective study was conducted among febrile children(≥37.5°C)under 5 years of age presenting at four health facilities and one referral hospital in rural Burkina Faso.From each participant,blood was collected for malaria microscopy and culture,urine for dipstick testing and culturing if tested positive for leucocytes and nitrite,stool for rotavirus/adenovirus testing,culture and parasitology,and a nasopharyngeal swab for culture.Results:In total 684 febrile children were included in the study.Plasmodium falciparum malaria was found in 49.7%(340/684)of the participants and non-malaria infections in 49.1%(336/684)of children.The non-nalaria infections included gastro-intestinal infections(37.0%),common bacterial pathogens of nasopharynx(24.3%),bacterial bloodstream infections(6.0%)and urinary tract infections(1.8%).Nearly 45%(154/340)of the malaria infected children were co-infected with non-nalaria infections,but only 3.2%(11/340)of these co-infections could be considered as a possible alternative cause of fever.In contrast,in the malaria microscopy negative children 18.0%(62/344)of the infections could be the probable cause of the fever.Pathogens were not isolated from 23.7%(162/684)of the febrile cases.Conclusions:Malaria remains the most common pathogen found in febrile children in Burkina Faso.However,a relative high number of febrile children had non-malaria infections.The correct diagnosis of these non-malaria fevers is a major concern,and there is an urgent need to develop more point-of-care diagnostic tests and capacities to identify and treat the causes of these fevers.

儿童感染后闭塞性支气管炎152例临床分析

目的探讨儿童感染后闭塞性支气管炎的临床特点及预后,为其临床诊治提供参考。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2023年12月吉林大学第一医院小儿呼吸科收治的152例感染后闭塞性支气管炎患儿的临床资料。比较有无喘息或特应性体质患者、是否应用全身糖皮质激素治疗患者的转归。结果152例患儿年龄17个月至17岁,以≥6岁为主(占69.74%)。临床表现无特异性,152例闭塞性支气管炎患儿均有不同程度反复咳嗽及发热,诊断闭塞性支气管炎中位时间为19(15.0,28.5)d。151例患儿病原学检测阳性,单一病原感染53例,混合感染98例。148例肺炎支原体阳性,病毒感染中腺病毒感染最多见。152例均行肺部CT检查,主要表现为实变、含气不良或肺不张、密度不均,胸腔积液、支气管扩张等。152例均探查到支气管、段支气管、近端亚段或其分支支气管闭塞。急性期可见管腔痰栓或黏液栓堵塞病变管腔(114例),塑型性支气管炎(10例),灌洗液呈米汤样、血性或较多脓性分泌物堵塞(38例),继而表现为病变气道黏膜不同程度出现坏死、苍白、糜烂、剥脱或溃疡、触之易出血(55例),支气管管腔软骨结构破坏,出现管腔软化、塌陷、走行扭曲、螺旋形及环形狭窄(98例),鱼骨刺样改变(2例)。在86例随访患者中,应用全身糖皮质激素组(69例)肺部影像学好转率为73.91%,高于未应用全身糖皮质激素组(17例)的52.94%,出现肺不张或含气不良、通气密度不均以及支气管扩张比例低于未应用全身糖皮质激素组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。无喘息或特应性体质组(66例)肺部影像学好转率为78.79%,高于有喘息或特应性体质组(20例)的40.00%,出现通气密度不均比例低于有喘息或特应性体质组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论当患儿在临床上表现为反复发热、咳嗽,病程中出现喘息或有特应性体质者,早期支气管镜检查发现气道黏膜坏死、糜烂、管腔狭窄、黏液栓或痰栓形成、肺炎支原体和(或)腺病毒等病原感染、肺部影像学炎症吸收欠佳及通气不均时,临床医师需要注意感染后闭塞性支气管炎的可能。

60例小儿急性感染性喉炎治疗效果临床回顾性分析

目的分析小儿急性感染性喉炎行布地奈德雾化吸入治疗方案的有效性与可行性。方法回顾性分析60例急性感染性喉炎患儿的临床资料,根据雾化治疗方案的不同分为观察组与对照组,每组30例。观察组予布地奈德雾化吸入治疗,对照组予地塞米松雾化吸入治疗。比较两组患儿的临床治疗效果、临床症状持续时间、药物不良反应发生率以及治疗前后的炎症指标。结果观察组临床治疗总有效率93.33%(28/30)显著高于对照组的73.33%(22/30),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患儿的喉鸣、犬吠样咳嗽、呼吸困难、声音嘶哑、发热持续时间分别为(3.77±1.21)、(3.28±1.06)、(1.78±0.57)、(4.36±0.56)、(1.48±0.48)d,均短于对照组的(4.65±1.26)、(4.77±1.21)、(2.91±0.99)、(5.45±0.49)、(2.56±0.78)d,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿的超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平均较治疗前明显降低,且观察组患儿的hs-CRP水平(7.86±2.13)mg/L低于对照组的(12.67±2.75)mg/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组用药不良反应发生率6.67%低于对照组的26.67%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小儿急性感染性喉炎行布地奈德雾化吸入治疗方案的效果理想,可更为显著地改善患儿的临床症状,缩短临床症状持续时间,同时其安全性较高,具有重要临床应用价值。

儿童小脑性共济失调的病因及胃肠道术后感染后急性小脑性共济失调的临床特征分析

目的 探讨儿童小脑性共济失调(cerebellar ataxia, CA)的病因及胃肠道术后感染后急性小脑性共济失调(acute post-infectious cerebellar ataxia, APCA)的临床特征。方法 选取2007年1月至2023年1月首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院神经内科CA患儿428例,分析CA的病因及胃肠道术后APCA的临床特征。结果 428例患儿中,男251例,女177例,年龄0.8~13岁,平均(4.3±2.1)岁。主要病因为APCA(349例,81.54%)、急性小脑炎(15例,3.50%)、遗传代谢性CA(13例,3.04%)等。349例APCA患儿中,存在胃肠道手术史的患儿181例,其他病因的CA无手术史。有胃肠道手术史的APCA患儿发病时间与手术间隔时间为0.8~2.6年。与无胃肠道手术史的APCA患儿相比,有胃肠道手术史的APCA患儿男性占比较高、年龄较小、共济失调持续天数较短、免疫治疗占比较低、复发率较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。APCA患儿存在1~3次复发者56例(13.08%),其中42例(75.00%,42/56)有胃肠道手术史。结论 CA病因较多,临床诊疗过程中应做好鉴别诊断。APCA为最常见病因,有胃肠道手术史的APCA患儿容易出现病情复发,但预后良好。

白内障超声乳化术后感染性眼内炎的炎症指标变化及危险因素分析

目的探讨白内障患者超声乳化术后感染性眼内炎的炎症指标变化及其危险因素。方法选择2022年1月至2023年12月郑州市第二人民医院收治的126例白内障超声乳化手术患者作为观察组,将20例术后发生感染性眼内炎者作为感染组,106例未发生感染性眼内炎者作为未感染组,选取同期在本院体检的100例健康人群作为对照组。术后第3天清晨,比较两组受检者血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平,并比较感染组和未感染组患者的一般临床资料(年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、糖尿病、高血压)、术中情况(手术切口位置、手术时间、术中出血量)和血清hs-CRP、SAA、PCT、IL-1β水平。采用Logistic回归分析影响白内障超声乳化术后感染性眼内炎的危险因素。结果观察组患者的血清hs-CRP、SAA、PCT、IL-1β水平分别为(21.49±3.01)mg/L、(15.28±2.63)mg/L、(2.12±0.80)ng/L、(23.11±5.70)ng/L,明显高于对照组的(6.15±1.20)mg/L、(6.45±1.09)mg/L、(0.40±0.05)ng/L、(17.10±4.19)ng/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);感染组患者的术中出血量、血清hs-CRP、SAA、PCT、IL-1β分别为(123.25±36.35)m L、(32.45±5.13)mg/L、(23.01±4.25)mg/L、(6.79±1.45)ng/L、(36.42±6.40)ng/L,明显高于未感染组的(108.26±22.78)m L、(10.25±1.85)mg/L、(13.43±2.54)mg/L、(0.70±0.17)ng/L、(20.93±4.35)ng/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,术中出血量、血清hs-CRP、SAA、PCT、IL-1β均是影响白内障超声乳化术后感染性眼内炎的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论白内障超声乳化术后感染性眼内炎患者的血清hs-CRP、SAA、PCT、IL-1β水平均明显升高,且其与术中出血量均是术后眼内炎感染的危险因素,针对各危险因素制定干预措施,有助于减少感染性眼内炎发生。

整体护理干预在小儿轮状病毒感染性腹泻中的应用效果

目的分析整体护理干预在小儿轮状病毒感染性腹泻中的应用效果。方法选取2023年1月至10月滨州医学院附属医院收治的68例轮状病毒感染性腹泻患儿作为研究对象,根据就诊时间分为参比组(n=34,常规护理)与分析组(n=34,整体护理干预)。比较两组临床症状改善时间及住院时间、护理满意度及并发症发生情况。结果分析组止泻、退热、呕吐症状消失时间及住院时间均短于参比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分析组沟通支持、尊重支持、情感支持、优质护理支持评分均高于参比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分析组并发症总发生率低于参比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小儿轮状病毒感染性腹泻中应用整体护理干预,可缩短临床症状改善时间,降低并发症发生率,提高护理满意度。

重组人干扰素α-1b治疗小儿轮状病毒感染性肠炎的效果及安全性

目的:观察重组人干扰素α-1b治疗小儿轮状病毒感染性肠炎的效果及安全性。方法:选取2022年6月—2023年6月枝江市人民医院收治的186例小儿轮状病毒感染性肠炎,依据随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,各93例。对照组采用临床常规治疗及布拉氏酵母菌散,观察组在对照组基础上采用重组人干扰素α-1b,持续治疗3 d。比较两组治疗3 d后临床疗效,临床症状缓解情况,治疗前、治疗3 d后的肠黏膜损伤指标、肠道菌群、免疫功能,以及研究期间安全性。结果:治疗3 d后,观察组总有效率高于对照组;观察组腹痛消失时间、止泻时间、热退时间早于对照组;治疗3 d后,两组乳杆菌、双歧杆菌和大肠埃希菌菌落数较治疗前均升高,观察组高于对照组,两组粪肠球菌菌落数较治疗前均降低,观察组低于对照组;治疗3 d后,两组血清晚期糖基化终末产物(AGEs)、内毒素(ET)、二胺氧化酶(DAO)水平与治疗前相比均降低,观察组低于对照组;治疗3 d后,两组外周血CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)与治疗前相比均升高,观察组高于对照组,外周血CD8^(+)较治疗前均降低,观察组低于对照组;研究期间观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组;上述各指标比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在小儿轮状病毒感染性肠炎的临床治疗中,应用重组人干扰素α-1b,能明显改善患儿的临床症状,改善肠道菌群,增强机体免疫力,缓解肠道黏膜损伤,安全性较高,且疗效显著。

儿童EBV传染性单核细胞增多症细胞因子IL-6、γ-IFN、IL-10的改变

目的探讨EB病毒(EBV)感染的传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)患儿淋巴细胞亚群和细胞因子IL-6、γ-IFN、IL-10的变化及临床意义。方法选择2018年9月至2020年8月苏州大学附属儿童医院感染科收治的EBV感染的IM患儿100例作为病例组。同期在苏州大学附属儿童医院儿童保健科体检的健康儿童60名作为对照组。采用流式细胞术和酶联免疫吸附试验分别检测IM患儿及对照组的外周血淋巴细胞亚群和细胞因子(IL-6、IL-10、γ-IFN)水平。结果病例组细胞因子IL-6、IL-10、γ-IFN高于对照组(P<0.05或0.001)。病例组CD3^(+)、CD3^(+)CD8^(+)百分比高于对照组,而CD3^(+)CD4^(+)、CD19^(+)CD23^(+)、CD3^(-)CD(16+56)+、CD3^(-)CD19^(+)百分比、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值低于对照组,两组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。两组间异型淋巴细胞百分比、WBC、ALT、AST、LDH差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。病例组IL-6与异型淋巴细胞百分比、WBC、血浆EBV-DNA病毒载量、ALT、LDH无相关性(P>0.05),与AST呈正相关(P<0.05)。病例组IL-10与异型淋巴细胞百分比、WBC、血浆EBV-DNA病毒载量、ALT、AST、LDH均无相关性(P>0.05)。病例组γ-IFN与异型淋巴细胞百分比、WBC、ALT、LDH无相关性(P>0.05),与血浆EBV-DNA病毒载量和AST呈正相关(P<0.05)。病例组IL-6与CD3^(+)、CD3^(+)CD8^(+)百分比呈负相关(P<0.05或0.001),与CD3^(+)CD4^(+)、CD3^(-)CD19^(+)百分比、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)呈正相关(P<0.05或0.001),与CD19^(+)CD23^(+)、CD3^(-)CD(16+56)^(+)百分比无相关性(P>0.05)。病例组IL-10与CD19^(+)CD23^(+)、CD3^(-)CD19^(+)百分比呈正相关(P<0.05),与CD3^(+)呈负相关(P<0.05),与CD3^(+)CD4^(+)、CD3^(+)CD8^(+)、CD3^(-)CD(16+56)^(+)百分比、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)无相关性(P>0.05)。病例组γ-IFN与CD3^(+)、CD3^(+)CD8^(+)百分比呈负相关(P<0.05),与CD19^(+)CD23^(+)、CD3^(+)CD4^(+)、CD3^(-)CD(16+56)^(+)、CD3^(-)CD19^(+)百分比、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)无相关性(P>0.05)。结论EBV感染的传染性单核细胞增多症患儿的免疫改变和炎症反应与疾病的发生、发展有关,IL-6、IL-10、γ-IFN参与传染性单核细胞增多症的免疫发病过程。

EB病毒载量、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞对儿童传染性单核细胞增多症预后不良的诊断价值

目的探究EB病毒(Epstein Barr virus,EBV)DNA载量与CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞在儿童传染性单核细胞增多症(infectious mononucleosis,IM)预后不良中的诊断价值,为临床决策提供有力支持。方法选取2022年1月至2024年1月常熟市第二人民医院儿科收治的120例IM患儿作为IM组,同时期选取100例EBV感染但未发展为IM的患儿作为非IM组,以及90例健康体检儿童作为对照组。收集三组受试者的临床资料、外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及EBV DNA载量等指标。根据治疗14d后EBV DNA转阴情况,将IM组患儿进一步分为预后良好组(93例)和预后不良组(27例),统计分析比较各组间的差异,并通过多因素Logistic回归分析和ROC曲线评估各指标的诊断价值。结果与非IM组相比,IM组患儿治疗前EBV DNA载量较高(P<0.05),CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞水平较低(P<0.05)。治疗14d后,IM组中有77.5%的患儿EBV DNA转阴。与预后良好组相比,预后不良组患儿治疗前的EBV DNA载量较高(P<0.05),CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞水平较低(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析指出,EBV DNA载量、白细胞、淋巴细胞、异常淋巴细胞计数及中性粒细胞计数、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞水平均为IM患儿预后不良的影响因素;ROC曲线分析显示,EBV DNA载量与CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合预测预后的诊断效能优于单一指标。结论EBV DNA载量与CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞水平是预测儿童IM预后的重要指标,且二者联合检测能够显著提高诊断效能。

血常规参数在鉴别诊断儿童传染性单核细胞增多症与急性化脓性扁桃体炎中的价值

目的探究儿童传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)与急性化脓性扁桃体炎(AST)使用血常规参数鉴别诊断的价值。方法选取郑州大学附属儿童医院38例IM患儿作为实验组研究对象,另外选取38例AST患儿作为对照组研究对象。选取时间为2021年1月至2022年1月。对比两组血常规参数,主要包括炎性血清因子指标[白细胞(WBC)、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值(MLR)、血小板/淋巴细胞比值(PLR)]、血清淋巴细胞参数[淋巴细胞复杂程度(L-X)、淋巴细胞荧光强度(L-Y)、淋巴细胞大小(LZ)]与血清中性粒细胞参数[中性粒细胞复杂程度(N-X)、中性粒细胞荧光强度(N-Y)、中性粒细胞大小(N-Z)]。结果两组WBC检测水平对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),实验组NLR、MLR、PLR检测水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组L-X检测水平对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),实验组检测L-Y、LZ水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组N-Z检测水平对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),实验组检测N-X、N-Y水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临床可通过血常规参数NLR、MLR、PLR、L-Y、LZ、N-X、N-Y给予IM、AST辅助鉴别诊断,值得应用。

传染性单核细胞增多症患儿合并肝功能损伤的临床特征和预后研究

目的分析传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)患儿合并肝功能损伤的临床特征和预后。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月阜阳市人民医院收治的148例IM患儿作为研究对象,根据患儿病程中是否发生肝功能损伤,分为肝功能损伤组和肝功能正常组。收集并比较两组患儿一般临床特征和实验室检查指标,以及90 d随访的预后情况。结果148例IM患儿中发生肝功能损伤71例,发生率为48.0%。在一般临床特征和实验室检查指标中,肝功能损伤组患儿年龄、淋巴细胞百分比和表现出肝肿大、脾大、眼睑浮肿和皮疹的患者比例高于肝功能正常组,而中性粒细胞百分比、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、CD8+细胞和CD4+/CD8+细胞比值低于肝功能正常组(P<0.05);随访结果表明,肝功能损伤组患儿发热持续时间、住院时间、淋巴结肿大持续时间、淋巴细胞比例恢复正常所需时间及血清EBV DNA转阴时间较肝功能正常组延长,且并发症的发生率高于肝功能正常组(P<0.05)。结论相较于肝功能正常的IM患儿,肝功能损伤患儿病情更为严重,预后恢复相对较慢,且并发症发生风险更高,其主要原因可能与该类患儿免疫应答反应强烈有关。

老年白内障病人术后感染性眼内炎风险评估模型的构建与检验

目的:构建老年白内障病人术后感染性眼内炎风险评估模型,并检验模型预测能力。方法:选取我院2021年1月—2022年7月收治的老年白内障手术病人180例,根据是否发生感染性眼内炎将病人分为发生组和未发生组,采用单因素分析、多因素Logistic回归分析筛选老年白内障病人术后感染性眼内炎的危险因素,结合Logistic回归分析结果构建老年白内障病人术后感染性眼内炎风险评估模型。选取我院2022年8月—2023年4月收治的老年白内障手术病人50例校验模型预测能力。结果:180例老年白内障手术病人并发感染性眼内炎21例,发生率为11.67%;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄>70岁、合并糖尿病、手术时间≥20 min、术中玻璃体溢出、血清清蛋白<35 g/L为老年白内障病人术后感染性眼内炎发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。Hosmer-Lemeshow检验结果显示,P>0.05,提示预测情况与实际情况比较一致,模型有较好拟合度;模型受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)下面积为0.813,95%CI(0.765,0.862),灵敏度为0.823、特异度为0.879,约登指数为0.702;外部验证结果显示,模型预测准确值为86.00%,灵敏度为87.50%,特异度为85.71%,Kappa一致性系数为0.504。结论:老年白内障病人术后感染性眼内炎发生率较高,且其危险因素复杂,研究构建的老年白内障病人术后感染性眼内炎风险评估模型有较好的预测能力。