Numerical and Experimental Studies of Working Processesin a Cryogenic Fuelling Tank Coupled with Energy Plant

This article presents a device for the storage and gasification of cryogenic working fluid,which is named a cryogenic fuelling tank.A cryogenic fuel tank can serve both as a fuel vessel and a pressure accumulator due to the regasification process that takes place inside.Application of this tank is slowed by the lack of theoretical and experimental research on its working process.This article deals with an investigation of the working process of the energy plant based on a cryogenic fuel tank coupled with a rotor-vane expander.Developed mathematical models include evaporation and condensation processes within the tank,heat exchange between gas chambers and between the tank and environment,and changes in energy due to incoming and leaving mass.Mechanical work used to determine the efficiency of a power plant is generated by a steam expander.Research shows that it is possible to achieve specific work outputs up to 110-160 kJ/kg with relative deviation of power and specific work determination equal to 1.4% and 1.9%correspondingly.

Steady-State Analysis of Grid-Connected New Energy Power Plants

In order to ease the fossil energy crunch,new energy sources need to be fully utilized.Clean energy sources such as wind,light,and nuclear energy are important tools to solve environmental and energy problems.However,in the process of researching new energy farms,there are some problems when they are integrated into the power system.In order to ensure the stability of new energy power plants,it is necessary to conduct an in-depth analysis of the grid connection technology of new energy farms.In the study,it is necessary to learn about the specific problems of the stability of the grid connection of new energy power plants,and to clarify the specific application of the grid connection technology of new energy power plants from the application principle and advantages of the grid connection technology of new energy power plants.Through simulation experiments,the positive effect of grid connection technology of new energy power plants in improving the stability of power systems was determined.

Identifying potential field sites for production of cellulosic energy plants in Asia

Cellulosic bioethanol produced from non-edible plants avoids food-fuel competition.Growing such plants on marginal non-arable lands also avoids the use of farmland.In this study,attempts were made to identify potential field sites for cellulosic bioethanol production in Asia.In this study,GIS databases containing information about requirements such as land use,landform,and climate were superimposed.Areas with terrestrial constraints were then removed from the candidate field sites using a terrain slope database.The remaining lands were evaluated using a net primary production(NPP)database.Of these areas,southern and eastern India,northeastern Thailand,and southern Sumatra(Indonesia)had high NPP.In the 2nd phase,local information regarding infrastructure,and agriculture were analyzed.Field-establishment feasibility was high for eastern India and southern Sumatra.Potential field sites were then located in satellite images of these two areas.In the 3rd phase,soils around potential sites were evaluated.Local residents were interviewed to estimate the cost of producing plants for biomass energy.Sites selected using this simple method are suitable for biomass production.

Power Producing Preheaters—An Approach to Generate Clean Energy in Cement Plants

Demand of cement in developing countries is directly proportional to the development rate of that country. But increasing input cost of cement manufacturing, decreasing margin of profit, scarcity of raw coal availability and emission of greenhouse gases are some constraints, which restrict the growth of cement industry. Hence to combat with all these adverse situations simultaneously, this project report introduces and efforts to generate clean and green energy with the help of combination of preheater tower, which is available in all integrated cement plants and an augmented wind turbine. Hence, the technology is named as “Power Producing Preheaters” or 3P.H. Introduction of 3P.H. in cement industry, generates a definite amount of clean and green energy (as per site conditions), which is directly used in cement production to avoid grid connectivity cost of wind turbine output. Calculations are done to show the overall cost of project, its payback period and reduction in emission of greenhouse gases along with its benefits in cement industry.

A model solar energy power plant will be built in Shandong Province

A US-China jointly owned model solar energy power plant, with an ultimate installed capacity of 2 000 MW, will be built in Shandong Province.

Advances in Plant Science and Its Prospects

Focusing on the global food security and analyzing the challenges now confronting human being of global climate change,sustainable development of agriculture,energy and environment,plant scientists should take the social responsibility and play the role in solving the global problems like food security from the developmental status and potential of plant science and technology. Moreover,by working with agronomists, ecologists and environmental experts,plant scientists do provide novel ideas and technologies for developing low carbon agriculture,for breeding new crop varieties with high yield and quality and stress resistance,for developing new type of energy plants,for supplying healthy foods and drugs,reasonably using land and water resources,and for ameliorating environment,making better contribution to the sustainable development of the globe and human being ourselves.

Energy Productivity Potential Assessment of Saccharum spontaneum L. Germplasm Resources

[Objective]The energy productivity potential of Saccharum spontaneum L.germplasm resources as energy plants was discussed in this paper.[Method]The energy productivity potential of Saccharum spontaneum L.germplasm resources collected from the wild was assessed from the aspects of cellulose,semicellulose,lignin and crude ash contents and caloric value.[Result]The total content of cellulose and semicellulose ranged from 41.75%to 69.13%,the lignin content ranged from 2.16%to 11.75%,the crude ash content ranged from 4.79%to 9.34%and the caloric value ranged from 16.00 to 17.69 MJ/kg among the 30 Saccharum spontaneum L.germplasms.Compared to other plants,Saccharum spontaneum L.had higher contents of cellulose and semicellulose,a higher caloric value but lower contents of lignin and crude ash.[Conclusion]From the perspective of producing fuel ethanol with lignocellulose,Saccharum spontaneum L.has a great potential for development as an energy plant.

Energy and Nutritional Properties of the White Mulberry （Morus alba L.）

The white mulberry （Morus alba L.） had been forgotten in Europe or known only as a plant associated with breeding of mulberry silkworms （Bombyx mori L.）. The initial studies have shown great potential of this plant in energy, food and pharmaceutical industries. The leaves and fruits contain very valuable bioactive substances, which may be used in health care. Antioxidants of plant origin include flavonoids and vitamin C （ascorbic acid）, and these substances are present in high amounts in anatomical parts of white mulberry. It has also been reported on the medicinal properties of this plant and its use in preventing diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity and cancer. The food industry increasingly uses the white mulberry in food to provide human organism with precious bioactive substances. Functional food, due to the presence in its composition of valuable components, is beneficial to human health. What is more, very fast growth of mulberry causes that biomass of the plant may be used as biofuel or energy plant. The aim of this paper is to present the possibility of using the white mulberry as a raw material for functional foods and as an energy plant.

Assembly mechanism and energy transfer pathways of plant photosystem II-LHCII supercomplexes discovered through cryo-electron microscopy

Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology,and Chinese Academy of Sciences,ajoint team of three laboratories from the Institute of Biophysics of Chinese Academy of Sciences,namely Liu Zhenfeng’s(柳振峰),Zhang

THE PIGMENT-PROTEIN COMPLEXES OF HIGHER PLANTS MIGRATION IN THYLAKOID AND THE REGULATION OF LIGHT ENERGY DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN PHOTOSYSTEMS

Appressed and non-appressed lamella membranes of Castor bean leaf chloroplasts were separated by non-ionic detergent Triton-X 100.Appressed membranes showed a high oxygen-evolving activity and low chl a/b ratio. Examining with SDS-PTGE and liquid nitrogen temperature fluorescence measurement showed that they contained only PSII and light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes (LHCP),and there was no detectable amount of PSI. Freeze-fracture electromicroscopic observation confirmed that this part was really an appressed lamella membrane. Through divalent cation Mg^(++), the thylakoid membranes were induced to unstack and restack.With the addition of Mg^(++), the fluorescence intensity was changed instantly. We realized that there existed two processes:One was a rapid process which was accomplished within 30 s. The other was a slow process of which the time duration was about 60 min. This dual effects of Mg^(++) had not been reported before.We had analyzed the change of F685/F730 and discussed the possible rneehanis ms of light energy distribution between photosystems.