Evaluations of Chris-Jerry Data Using Generalized Progressive Hybrid Strategy and Its Engineering Applications

A new one-parameter Chris-Jerry distribution,created by mixing exponential and gamma distributions,is discussed in this article in the presence of incomplete lifetime data.We examine a novel generalized progressively hybrid censoring technique that ensures the experiment ends at a predefined period when the model of the test participants has a Chris-Jerry(CJ)distribution.When the indicated censored data is present,Bayes and likelihood estimations are used to explore the CJ parameter and reliability indices,including the hazard rate and reliability functions.We acquire the estimated asymptotic and credible confidence intervals of each unknown quantity.Additionally,via the squared-error loss,the Bayes’estimators are obtained using gamma prior.The Bayes estimators cannot be expressed theoretically since the likelihood density is created in a complex manner;nonetheless,Markov-chain Monte Carlo techniques can be used to evaluate them.The effectiveness of the investigated estimations is assessed,and some recommendations are given using Monte Carlo results.Ultimately,an analysis of two engineering applications,such as mechanical equipment and ball bearing data sets,shows the applicability of the proposed approaches that may be used in real-world settings.

ADVANCED NICKEL-BASED AND NICKEL-IRON-BASED SUPERALLOYS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

The use of high-temperature materials is especially important in power station construction, heating systems engineering, furnace industry, chemical and petrochemical industry, waste incineration plants, coal gasification plants and for flying gas turbines in civil and military aircrafts and helicopters. Particularly in recent years, the development of new processes and the drive to improve the economics of existing processes have increased the requirements significantly so that it is necessary to change from well-proven materials to new alloys. Hitherto, heat resistant ferritic steels sufficed in conventional power station constructions for temperatures up to 550℃ newly developed ferritic/martensitic steels provide sufficient strength up to about 600 - 620℃. In new processes, e.g. fluidized-bed combustion of coal, process temperatures up to 900℃ occur. However, this is not the upper limit, since in combustion engines, e.g. gas turbines. Material temperatures up to 1100℃ are reached locally. Similar development trends can also be identified in the petrochemical industry and in the heat treatment and furnace engineering. The advance to ever higher material temperatures now not only has the consequence of having to use materials with enhanced high-strength properties, considerable attention now also has to be given to their chemical stability in corrosive media. Therefore not only examples of the use of high-temperature alloys for practical applications will be given but also be contributed to some general rules for material selection with regard to their high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance.

Paving Materials and Engineering Applications of Permeable Pavement

The stability of roads in cities directly affects the safety of traffic and transportation.In the process of pavement laying,relevant personnel should use permeable paving materials in the process of construction.Based on the analysis of road drainage requirements,traditional paving materials have relatively poor water permeability,which leads to ponding problems during road use[1].Within this frame of reference,beginning with the characteristics of permeable paving materials,this paper makes an in-depth exploration on practical application measures.

Environmental standards and beneficial uses of waste-to-energy(WTE)residues in civil engineering applications

The waste-to-energy(WTE)technologies are now recovering energy and materials from over 300 million tonnes of municipal solid wastes worldwide.Extensive studies have investigated substituting natural construction materials with WTE residues to relieve the environmental cost of natural resource depletion.This study examined the beneficial uses of WTE residues in civil engineering applications and the corresponding environmental standards in Europe,the U.S.,and China.This review presents the opportunities and challenges for current technical approaches and the environmental standards to be met to stabilize WTE residues.The principal characteristics of WTE residues(bottom ash and fly ash)and the possible solutions for their beneficial use in developed and developing countries are summarized.The leaching procedures and environmental standards for pH,heavy metals,and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans(PCDD/Fs)are compared.The current practice and engineering properties of materials using WTE residues,including mixtures with stone aggregate or sand,cement-based or hot-mix asphalt concrete(pavement),fill material in the embankments,substitute of Portland cement or clinker production,and ceramic-based materials(bricks and lightweight aggregate)are comprehensively reviewed.

FDSC-YOLOv8:Advancements in Automated Crack Identification for Enhanced Safety in Underground Engineering

In underground engineering,the detection of structural cracks on tunnel surfaces stands as a pivotal task in ensuring the health and reliability of tunnel structures.However,the dim and dusty environment inherent to under-ground engineering poses considerable challenges to crack segmentation.This paper proposes a crack segmentation algorithm termed as Focused Detection for Subsurface Cracks YOLOv8(FDSC-YOLOv8)specifically designed for underground engineering structural surfaces.Firstly,to improve the extraction of multi-layer convolutional features,the fixed convolutional module is replaced with a deformable convolutional module.Secondly,the model’s receptive field is enhanced by introducing a multi-branch convolutional module,improving the extraction of shallow features for small targets.Next,the Dynamic Snake Convolution module is incorporated to enhance the extraction capability for slender and weak cracks.Finally,the Convolutional Block Attention Module(CBAM)module is employed to achieve better target determination.The FDSC-YOLOv8s algorithm’s mAP50 and mAP50-95 reach 96.5%and 66.4%,according to the testing data.

Living concrete with self-healing function on cracks attributed to inclusion of microorganisms: Theory, technology and engineering applications——A review

Concrete is the most widely used composite material in civil engineering.Microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation(MICP)is a green and environmental friendly technology,which has received extensive attention in repair of concrete cracks.This paper introduces the research progress in Southeast University research in past 16 years.In the early stage,MICP technology of urea hydrolyzed by Bacillus pasteurii was mainly investigated to repair the surface cracks and to fill large-size cracks with grouting.However,aiming at the hidden cracks that were difficult for human intervention,a new mineralization route of Bacillus mucilaginosus was proposed,which could repair faster than Bacillus alcalophilus,and the problem of ammonia emission in the repair process of Bacillus pasteurii was also solved.In addition,in order to improve the protection of bacteria and the self-healing efficiency of the later age cracks,the methods of fiber immobilization,carrier uniformly immobilization and core-shell structural immobilization had been compared and studied.The results showed that core-shell structural immobilization had good protection ability and strong designability.What’s more,the paper also summarized the characteristics of spore germination,cell activity,nucleation and biological calcium carbonate in crack zone,and introduced the application experience of microbial self-healing concrete in water conservancy projects and subway stations.

A survey of cloud resource management for complex engineering applications

Traditionally, complex engineering applications （CEAs）, which consist of numerous components （software） and require a large amount of computing resources, usu- ally run in dedicated clusters or high performance computing （HPC） centers. Nowadays, Cloud computing system with the ability of providing massive computing resources and cus- tomizable execution environment is becoming an attractive option for CEAs. As a new type on Cloud applications, CEA also brings the challenges of dealing with Cloud resources. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of Cloud resource management research for CEAs. The survey puts forward two important questions： 1） what are the main chal- lenges for CEAs to run in Clouds？ and 2） what are the prior research topics addressing these challenges？ We summarize and highlight the main challenges and prior research topics. Our work can be probably helpful to those scientists and en- gineers who are interested in running CEAs in Cloud envi- ronment.

A New Two-Parameter Heteromorphic Elliptic Equation: Properties and Applications

The ellipse and the superellipse are both planar closed curves with a double axis of symmetry. Here we show the isoconcentration contour of the simplified two-dimensional advection-diffusion equation from a stable line source in the center of a wide river. A new two-parameter heteromorphic elliptic equation with a single axis of symmetry is defined. The values of heights, at the point of the maximum width and that of the centroid of the heteromorphic ellipse, are derived through mathematical analysis. Taking the compression coefficient θ = b/a = 1 as the criterion, the shape classification of H-type, Standard-type and W-type for heteromorphic ellipse have been given. The area formula, the perimeter theorem, and the radius of curvature of heteromorphic ellipses, and the geometric properties of the rotating body are subsequently proposed. An illustrative analysis shows that the inner contour curve of a heteromorphic elliptic tunnel has obvious advantages over the multiple- arc splicing cross section. This work demonstrates that the heteromorphic ellipses have extensive prospects of application in all categories of tunnels, liquid transport tanks, aircraft and submarines, bridges, buildings, furniture, and crafts.

A Fusion Localization Method Based on Target Measurement Error Feature Complementarity and Its Application

In the multi-radar networking system,aiming at the problem of locating long-distance targets synergistically with difficulty and low accuracy,a dual-station joint positioning method based on the target measurement error feature complementarity is proposed.For dual-station joint positioning,by constructing the target positioning error distribution model and using the complementarity of spatial measurement errors of the same long-distance target,the area with high probability of target existence can be obtained.Then,based on the target distance information,the midpoint of the intersection between the target positioning sphere and the positioning tangent plane can be solved to acquire the target's optimal positioning result.The simulation demonstrates that this method greatly improves the positioning accuracy of target in azimuth direction.Compared with the traditional the dynamic weighted fusion(DWF)algorithm and the filter-based dynamic weighted fusion(FBDWF)algorithm,it not only effectively eliminates the influence of systematic error in the azimuth direction,but also has low computational complexity.Furthermore,for the application scenarios of multi-radar collaborative positioning and multi-sensor data compression filtering in centralized information fusion,it is recommended that using radar with higher ranging accuracy and the lengths of baseline between radars are 20–100 km.

Study on Engineering Characteristics and Application of Sticky Rice

Sticky rice is not only a notoriously food, or a kind of important medicinal herb, but also serves as a kind of important engineering materials having rich re- sources. Sticky rice has excellent toughness, anti-seepage property, bonding proper- ty, reinforcing property, high strength and superior engineering performance with su- perior engineering value, ecolOgical value and landscape value on account of its starch composition mainly composed of amylopectin of which the granules are poly- hedron. The development and application of sticky rice has important strategic signif- icance to promotion of sustainable development of ecological landscape construction, alleviation of resource shortage, reduction of environmental pollution, acceleration of constructing environmental friendly society and realization of sustainable development of China.

Stability analysis method of geogrid reinforced expansive soil slopes and its engineering application

The traditional stability analysis method of geogrid reinforced slopes does not consider the effect of lateral swelling,so it is not applicable to reinforced expansive soil slopes.This paper reports a new stability analysis method for geogrid reinforced expansive soil slopes.The additional pullout force of the free zone due to the lateral swelling and the anti-pullout safety factor of each geogrid layer were obtained by ensuring the overall stability of the reinforced slope.The optimum design was carried out to treat an expansive soil cut slope in Hubei Province,China,by changing the spacing and length of geogrid reinforcement.Calculation results show that the additional pullout force caused by lateral swelling has a great influence on the anti-pullout stability of geogrids,and the local stability of the reinforced slope will be overestimated if the swelling effect of soil in the free zone is not considered.

Principle and engineering application of pressure relief gas drainage in low permeability outburst coal seam

With the increase in mining depth, the danger of coal and gas outbursts increases.In order to drain coal gas effectively and to eliminate the risk of coal and gas outbursts, we used a specific number of penetration boreholes for draining of pressure relief gas.Based on the principle of overlying strata movement, deformation and pressure relief, a good effect of gas drainage was obtained.The practice in the Panyi coal mine has shown that, after mining the C11coal seam as the protective layer, the relative expansion deformation value of the protected layer C13 reached 2.63%, The permeability coefficient increased 2880 times, the gas drainage rate of the C13 coal seam increased to more than 60%, the amount of gas was reduced from 13.0 to 5.2 m3/t and the gas pressure declined from 4.4 to 0.4 MPa, which caused the danger the outbursts in the coal seams to be eliminated.The result was that we achieved a safe and highly efficient mining operation of the C13 coal seam.

Perspective:Acoustic Metamaterials in Future Engineering

Acoustic metamaterials(AMMs)are a type of artificial materials that make use of appropriate structural designs and exhibit exotic properties not found in natural materials,such as negative effective material parameters(e.g.,bulk modulus,mass density,and refractive index).These interesting properties offer novel means for sound manipulation and thus have drawn a great deal of attention.Over the past two decades,tremendous progress has been made in the fundamental research of AMMs,which has not only promoted the development of modern acoustics but also shown the potential of AMMs for engineering applications.Here,we review recent developments in AMMs with a focus on their future engineering,especially in the most promising fields of sound absorption/isolation,acoustic imaging,cloaking,and so on,furthermore,we outline the opportunities and challenges they are encountering.

New algorithm of mine slope reliability based on limiting state hyper-plane and its engineering application

Due to the influence of joint fissure, mining intensity, designed slope angle, underground water and rainfall, the failure process of mine slope project is extremely complicated. The current safety factor calculation method has certain limitations, and it would be difficult to obtain the reliability index when the performance function of reliability analysis is implicit or has high order terms. Therefore, with the help of the logistic equation of chaos theory, a new algorithm of mine slope reliability based on limiting state hyper-plane is proposed. It is shown that by using this new reliability algorithm the calculation of partial derivative of performance function is avoided, and it has the advantages of being simple and easy to program. The new algorithm is suitable for calculating the reliability index of complex performance function containing high order terms. Furthermore, the limiting state hyper-plane models of both simplified Bishop's and Janbu's method adaptive to slope project are obtained, and have achieved satisfactory effect in the study of mine slope stability in Dexing copper open pit.

Application of iron oxide anoparticles in neuronal tissue engineering

Since the introduction of nanotechnology, nanoscale materials have developed rapidly and have been applied in various fields including in the pharmaceutical industry, medicine, and tissue engineering. Among a variety of nanomaterials, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles （IONPs） have been intensively investigated for numerous in vivo applications such as gene and drug delivery, diagnostics, cell labeling and sorting. Compared to nanoparticles made from other materials, IONPs have several additional unique applications due to their magnetic properties, for example, magnetic cell separation,

Application of Monte-Carlo statistical experiments in design of ocean engineering - Estimating the parameters, models and probabilities

Recently, some results have been acquired with the Monte- Carlo statistical experiments in the design of ocean en gineering. The results show that Monte-Carlo statistical experiments can be widely used in estimating the parameters of wave statistical distributions, checking the probability model of the long- term wave extreme value distribution under a typhoon condition and calculating the failure probability of the ocean platforms.

Students’Feedback on Integrating Engineering Practice Cases into Lecture Task in Course of Built Environment

The improvement of students’abilities is of great significance to discover the relevant scientific problems in daily life,to analyze and solve practical problems,to trigger scientific inspiration,and to encourage innovation and entrepreneurship.Taken the course entitled Built Environment(BE)as an example,this study introduces five lecture cases combining with engineering practices,and examines the evaluation of teaching and learning effect on student outcomes.The cases consider various problems to be solved urgently in an actual project,and evaluate the student outcomes by statistically analyzing the questionnaires.Most of the students actively participate in five cases and cheerfully share their achievements.More than 85%of students are satisfied with the engineering practice and the learning proposal,and convey a little or even significantly change in their understanding of the employment prospects.

Editor's Choice——Application of genetic engineering for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases

Gene therapy has been shown to be an effective method for protecting neural functions in the substantia nigra,