Localized Application of Chinese Standards in Jakarta-Bandung HSR Project

Jakarta-Bandung HSR in Indonesia is the first“go global”project of China's high speed railway with a whole system,all elements and a whole industry chain,as well as the first overseas project adopting a complete set of Chinese standards.This paper sorts out the differences between relevant standards in China and Indonesia,including those in concrete raw materials,rebar standards and other main material standards,and those in external interface standards,train operation direction requirements,project approval requirements,special acceptance requirements,etc.,and summarizes the realization methods and specific achievements of localized application of Chinese standards during the implementation of Jakarta-Bandung HSR Project,to provide reference for localized application of Chinese standards in overseas projects in the future.

Preliminary Study on Overseas Applicability of Chinese Architectural Design Standards:Taking China-Aided Construction Projects in Asia Since the Belt and Road Initiative as Examples

This research takes China-aided construction projects in Asia since the Belt and Road Initiative as examples to explore the applicability of Chinese architectural design standards in other Asian countries.So far,the standards demonstrated the highest applicability in South Asia is the best followed by Southeast Asia.Chinese architectural design standards for educational buildings showed the highest applicability,followed by office,medical,and sports buildings.This study puts forward some strategies to improve the applicability of Chinese architectural design standards.These strategies include integrating regionalism and local cultural traditions,optimizing energy efficiency,and aligning designs with local usage habits.This study serves as a reference for similar projects in the future.

The Making of a Health Profession:How Chinese Medicine Became a Nationally Registered Allied Health Profession in Australia

In 2012, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) practitioners in Australia became nationally-registered allied health professionals in three categories: acupuncturist, Chinese herbal medicine practitioner, and Chinese herbal medicine dispenser. Australia was the first Western country to introduce national registration for Chinese medicine, followed by Portugal and, recently, New Zealand. The practice of TCM in Australia can be traced back to the beginning of Chinese immigration to Australia during the Victorian Gold Rush which began in the 1850s. The process which led to national registration commenced in the early 1970s with the establishment of the first acupuncture courses. Decades of gradual development of courses from unaccredited part-time diplomas to accredited bachelor degrees, and the development, by the profession, of national consensus on educational standards were essential elements in the process which led to registration. Professional associations, such as the Australian Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Association Ltd.(AACMA), also developed a framework of professional selfregulation, including Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, ongoing professional development requirements and Infection Control Guidelines, and provided leadership in the development of the profession. After decades of tribalism and division within the TCM profession, the National Academic Standards Committee brought almost all stakeholders together to reach a consensus on the Australian Guidelines for Traditional Chinese Medicine Education which were published by AACMA in 2001. Professional associations also collaborated on joint submissions to the government in support of registration, which was introduced first in the state of Victoria in 2000, and subsequently became national in 2012. Despite national registration, some barriers still remain, and professional associations continue to lobby the federal government for inclusion in Medicare, chronic disease management scheme, and Veterans Affairs.

Formulation of Work-Study Combined and Result-Oriented Integrated Curriculum Standards

According to the Annex Technical Regulations for Integrated Curriculum Development(Trial)in Document No.30 of the General Office of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security(2012),this paper studies the formulation of the curriculum standards for the integration of Chinese medicinal materials production.We focus on the formulation ideas of the curriculum standards for the integration of Chinese medicinal materials production,the formulation process of the curriculum standards for the integration of Chinese medicinal materials production,including the description of typical work tasks,the determination of curriculum objectives,the analysis of study content,the description of referential study tasks,teaching implementation suggestions,assessment and evaluation suggestions,which can provide a reference for the development and research of other related integrated courses.

A CMIP6-based assessment of regional climate change in the Chinese Tianshan Mountains

Climate warming profoundly affects hydrological changes,agricultural production,and human society.Arid and semi-arid areas of China are currently displaying a marked trend of warming and wetting.The Chinese Tianshan Mountains(CTM)have a high climate sensitivity,rendering the region particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate warming.In this study,we used monthly average temperature and monthly precipitation data from the CN05.1 gridded dataset(1961-2014)and 24 global climate models(GCMs)of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)to assess the applicability of the CMIP6 GCMs in the CTM at the regional scale.Based on this,we conducted a systematic review of the interannual trends,dry-wet transitions(based on the standardized precipitation index(SPI)),and spatial distribution patterns of climate change in the CTM during 1961-2014.We further projected future temperature and precipitation changes over three terms(near-term(2021-2040),mid-term(2041-2060),and long-term(2081-2100))relative to the historical period(1961-2014)under four shared socio-economic pathway(SSP)scenarios(i.e.,SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP3-7.0,and SSP5-8.5).It was found that the CTM had experienced significant warming and wetting from 1961 to 2014,and will also experience warming in the future(2021-2100).Substantial warming in 1997 was captured by both the CN05.1 derived from interpolating meteorological station data and the multi-model ensemble(MME)from the CMIP6 GCMs.The MME simulation results indicated an apparent wetting in 2008,which occurred later than the wetting observed from the CN05.1 in 1989.The GCMs generally underestimated spring temperature and overestimated both winter temperature and spring precipitation in the CTM.Warming and wetting are more rapid in the northern part of the CTM.By the end of the 21st century,all the four SSP scenarios project warmer and wetter conditions in the CTM with multiple dry-wet transitions.However,the rise in precipitation fails to counterbalance the drought induced by escalating temperature in the future,so the nature of the drought in the CTM will not change at all.Additionally,the projected summer precipitation shows negative correlation with the radiative forcing.This study holds practical implications for the awareness of climate change and subsequent research in the CTM.

Exploring the Application Effect of Flipped Classroom Combined with Problem-Based Learning Teaching Method in Clinical Skills Teaching of Standardized Training for Resident Doctors of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective: To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method in clinical skills teaching of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods: The study used the experimental control method. The study lasted from September to November 2022. The subjects of this study were 49 students of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine from grades 2020, 2021 and 2022 of Dazhou integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital. They were randomly divided into experiment group (25) and control group (24). The experiment group adopted flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method, and the control group adopted traditional teaching method. The teaching content was 4 basic clinical skill projects, including four diagnoses of traditional Chinese Medicine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, dressing change procedure, acupuncture and massage. The evaluation method was carried out by comparing the students’ performance and a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the students’ evaluation of the teaching method. Results: The test scores of total scores in the experimental group (90.12 ± 5.89) were all higher than those in the control group (81.47 ± 7.96) (t = 4.53, P P Conclusions: The teaching process of the flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method is conducive to improving the efficiency of classroom teaching, cultivating students’ self-learning ability, and enhancing students’ willingness to learn.

Viewing Chinese modernization and Its Requirements for Human Rights Protection from the Perspective of Human Development

Modernization,as a specific stage in the historical development of human society,possesses a multi-layered composite structure,with each layer playing both a promoting and inhibiting role in human development and dignity simultaneously.Chinese modernization is a strategic choice made based on lessons learned from various experiences of modernization processes in other countries,reflecting judgments on the benefits and choices on the values of human development and dignity in modernization.It values the promotion of the free and well-rounded development of all individuals as its standard,demanding the full realization of the positive effects of modernization on human development and the overcoming of its negative effects.Human rights,aiming to promote the free and well-rounded development of every person as the ultimate value goal,are not only an intrinsic structural element of the modernization stage but also a social normative tool that restrains the direction of modernization development,aligning closely with the values pursued by Chinese modernization.Chinese modernization poses dual requirements for human rights protection:on the one hand,it demands the affirmation and promotion of the positive effects of modernization on human development and dignity through human rights standards,and on the other hand,it requires the prevention and mitigation of the negative effects of modernization on human development and dignity through human rights standards.There exists a certain tension between these two dimensions,necessitating an appropriate balance and thereby presenting corresponding requirements for China’s approach to human rights protection.

The Differences between Chinese Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises and International Financial Reporting Standards as well as the Convergence Strategy Method

The continuous development and progress of international economic integration has resulted in the increasing of economic and trade exchanges between various countries.In order to implement a more systematic corporate financial supervision mechanism effectively and adapt to the needs of economic development,it is necessary to clarify corporate accounting standards and international financial reporting standards.The relationship between them are crucial to improve the transparency of financial statements and optimize management levels.This paper analyzes the differences between Chinese business accounting standards and international financial reporting standards as well as discusses the convergence process and convergence strategy methods for reference.

GB 19865 & GB 6675 ANNEX A.A——SAFETY OF ELECTRICAL TOYS Differences Between the new and old Chinese National Standards

This article anlayzes the different requirements for electrical toys safety between GB 6675-2003 and GB19865-2005. This information is summed up in table form to make it easy for toy designers and manufacturers to grasp the new standard.

Use of Non-Verbal Representations to Define Concept of Pulse Conditions in Traditional Chinese Medicine Standards

The standardization of terms and definitions is fundamental to all activities in the domain of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).For decades,definitions of TCM terminology relied on conventional verbal representations to differentiate between related concepts.However,the ancient Chinese is obscure and comprises a massive volume of information,making it difficult to convey the definition accurately in other languages.This article proposes a potential solution that the definition for pulse terminology can be supplemented by modern means of non-verbal representation,i.e.,using pulse waveform graphs and parameters to complete the definition of each pulse.A discussion of the challenges of obtaining reliable data is also included.

Chinese Standards on Refractories Magnesium Aluminate Spinel

1 Scope This standard specifies the terms, definitions, classifications, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packing, marking, transportation, storage, and quality certificate of magnesium aluminate spinel. This standard is applicable to the magnesium alu- minate spinel prepared by sintering method or electric mehing method with raw materials of industrial alumina or bauxite, and light burnt magnesia.

Research of Quality Standards for Stachydrine Hydrochloride in Chinese Medicine TJF Granule

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was applied to the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride concentration in TJF granule (Chinese name: Tiao-Jing-Fang), using a mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile (50:50, v/v) by the Agilent Kromasi NH2 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, S/N: 22N25110). Detection wavelength was 201 nm. The result revealed good linearity of stachydrine hydrochloride and was obtained within the range of 0.20 - 1.98 μg/mL (R = 0.9995). The average recovery was 97.01%;the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.19%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report dedicated to the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride by the evaporative light scattering detector-high-performance liquid chromatographic (ELSD-HPLC) method.

Chinese Standards on Refractories Dimensions of Refractory Bricks-Part 1:Specification for General Bricks

1 Scope This standard specifies the terms, definition, di-mension series, size designation representation, dimen-sion standard representation, brick dimension, and di- mension characteristics of general refractory bricks.

Chinese Standards an Refractories Refractory-Ceramic Fiber and the Products

1 Scope This standard specifies the terms, definitions, classifications, brands, technical requirements, test methods, quality appraisal procedure, packing, marking, transportation, storage and quality certificate of ceramic fiher and the products.

The Influence of Confucius＇ Moral Standards on Wellbeing of Academics in Higher Education in China in the Context of the Chinese Dream

The Chinese Dream, adopted by General Secretary Xi Jinping, was used and spread in China. It is about Chinese prosperity, collective effort, socialism and national glory. It is also about the welfare, wellbeing, and quality of life of every Chinese. Academics in higher education in China are facing changes both across the globe and in China, they must take the challenges. This paper does research on wellbeing of the academics from the aspects of the definition of wellbeing, the situation both in the world and in China, the Chinese concept of happiness, the possible influence of Confucius moral standards on wellbeing of Chinese. This paper may help school leaders implement policies that foster effective work environment in the new era in China.

Chinese Standards on Refractories Refractory Products-Determination of Abrasion Resistance at Ambient Temperature GB/T 18301-2012

This standard specifies the terms and definitions, theory, apparatus, specimens, test procedures, calcu- lation results, apparatus check and test reports, etc. of abrasion resistance at ambient temperature of refractory products.

The Copyright lssue on Chinese Standards

Standardization is an important fundamental technical work for nationaleconomic and social development. With the economic globalization and fast development of science andtechnology, standards have gone deep into many fields of the economy and social life, theimportance of standards is becoming more and more prominent. As normative technical documents,standards play the role of infrastructures for market and research even development activities, andthey bear some attributes of public property. At the same time, standards are also specialcommodities and copyright-protected publications, they bear the attributes of private property. WithChina' s accession to the WTO, the gradual perfection of China' s socialist market economic systemand the fast development of internet technology, the copyright management mode on standards for theplanned economic system has no longer adapted to the demands of China' s socialist market economicdevelopment on standardization, which to some extent impedes the development of the standardizationcause of China. Therefore, it is necessary to research on the copyright issues on Chinese standardsand strengthen the protection on the copyright on standards.

Ethical Standards for Publication in Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering

TiC powder was synthesized by mechanical alloying of titanium and asphalt in this paper. Deoiled asphalt as a carbon source not only provided element C in the fabrication of TiC but also cracked itself by the mechanical alloying process. The results of X-ray diffraction demonstrated the synthesis of cubic TiC. Gas phase chromatography showed that the discharged gas was composed of low molecular weight hydrocarbons, including H2, CH4 and C2H6. The formation mechanism of titanium carbide by mechanical alloying, and the thermodynamic and kinetics were discussed. These results showed that mechanical alloying is a promising method to prepare TiC and to crack asphalt with some light fraction byproducts.

Considerations on the Quality Standards Reflecting the Characteristics of Compound Preparations of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective To study the current quality standard of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and its limitations in China,and encourage enterprises to take more responsibility to promote the development of this industry.Methods Based on the analysis of the status quo and problems of the quality standard system of TCM,the quality control mode,as well as the problems found in the reevaluation after marketing,some suggestions were put forward for adjusting the current quality standard of TCM.Results and Conclusion Through strengthening the quality control of the source,and under the premise of ensuring the safety,effectiveness and stability of TCM,the quality standards of TCM can be improved greatly.