Study on the Application Effect of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in Patients Undergoing Spinal Fracture Surgery

Objective:To study the application effect of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery(ERAS)model in patients undergoing spinal fracture surgery.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was designed,and 86 patients undergoing spinal fracture surgery were randomly divided into the ERAS group and the conventional care group.Postoperative recovery outcomes of the two groups were compared.Results:The ERAS group showed better outcomes in terms of postoperative pain scores,activities of daily living,length of hospital stay,and adherence to rehabilitation training compared to the conventional care group,with shorter hospital stays and lower medical expenses(P<0.05).Conclusion:The ERAS model significantly improves the postoperative recovery quality of patients undergoing spinal fracture surgery,reduces hospital stay and medical costs,and increases patient satisfaction.

Enhanced recovery after surgery in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery

BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate the clinical outcomes of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)in the perioperative period in elderly patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer(NSCLC).AIM To investigate the potential enhancement of video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS)in postoperative recovery in elderly patients with NSCLC.METHODS We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 85 elderly NSCLC patients who underwent ERAS(the ERAS group)and 327 elderly NSCLC patients who received routine care(the control group)after VATS at the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital between May 2015 and April 2017.After propensity score matching of baseline data,we analysed the postoperative stay,total hospital expenses,postoperative 48-h pain score,and postoperative complication rate for the 2 groups of patients who underwent lobectomy or sublobar resection.RESULTS After propensity score matching,ERAS significantly reduced the postoperative hospital stay(6.96±4.16 vs 8.48±4.18 d,P=0.001)and total hospital expenses(48875.27±18437.5 vs 55497.64±21168.63 CNY,P=0.014)and improved the satisfaction score(79.8±7.55 vs 77.35±7.72,P=0.029)relative to those for routine care.No significant between-group difference was observed in postoperative 48-h pain score(4.68±1.69 vs 5.28±2.1,P=0.090)or postoperative complication rate(21.2%vs 27.1%,P=0.371).Subgroup analysis showed that ERAS significantly reduced the postoperative hospital stay and total hospital expenses and increased the satisfaction score of patients who underwent lobectomy but not of patients who underwent sublobar resection.CONCLUSION ERAS effectively reduced the postoperative hospital stay and total hospital expenses and improved the satisfaction score in the perioperative period for elderly NSCLC patients who underwent lobectomy but not for patients who underwent sublobar resection.

Enhanced recovery after surgery:Progress in adapted pathways for implementation in standard and emerging surgical settings

The concept of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)has been practiced for decades and has been implemented in numerous surgical specialties.ERAS is a global surgical quality improvement initiative,and it is an element in the field of perioperative care.ERAS had shown significant clinical outcomes,patientreported satisfaction,and improvements in medical service cost.ERAS has been developed for specific surgical procedures,but with the fast progress of newly introduced surgical procedures,the original ERAS have been developed and modified.Recently appearing Topics and future research trends encompass ERAS protocols for other types of surgery and the enhancement of perioperative status,including but not limited to pediatric surgery,laparoscopic and robotic assisted surgery,bariatric surgery,thoracic surgery,and renal transplantation.The elements and pathways of ERAS have been developed with the introduction of up-to-date methodologies in the pre-operative,operative,and post-operative pathways.ERAS costs are higher than traditional care,but the patient’s clinical outcome and satisfaction are higher.ERAS is in progress in the fields of anesthetic tasks,pediatric surgery,and organ transplantation.Although ERAS has shown significant clinical outcomes,there are needs to modify the protocol for specific cases,hospital facilities,resources,and nurses training on elements of ERAS.Several challenges and limitations exist in the implementation of ERAS that deserve consideration,it includes:Frailty,maximizing nutrition,prehabilitation,treating preoperative anemia,and enhancing ERAS adoption globally are all included.

Does enhanced recovery after surgery programs improve clinical outcomes in liver cancer surgery?

Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)programs have been widely applied in liver surgery since the publication of the first ERAS guidelines in 2016 and the new recommendations in 2022.Liver surgery is usually performed in oncological patients(liver metastasis,hepatocellular carcinoma,cholangiocarcinoma,etc.),but the real impact of liver surgery ERAS programs in oncological outcomes is not clearly defined.Theoretical advantages of ERAS programs are:ERAS decreases postoperative complication rates and has been demonstrated a clear relationship between complications and oncological outcomes;a better and faster posto-perative recovery should let oncologic teams begin chemotherapeutic regimens on time;prehabilitation and nutrition actions before surgery should also improve the performance status of the patients receiving chemotherapy.So,ERAS could be another way to improve our oncological results.We will discuss the literature about liver surgery ERAS focusing on its oncological implications and future investigations projects.

Safety and feasibility of enhanced recovery after surgery-based management model for ambulatory pediatric surgical procedures

BACKGROUND There is still some room for optimizing ambulatory pediatric surgical procedures,and the preoperative and postoperative management quality for pediatric patients needs to be improved.AIM To discuss the safety and feasibility of the enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)-based management model for ambulatory pediatric surgical procedures.METHODS We selected 320 pediatric patients undergoing ambulatory surgery from June 2023 to January 2024 at The First People’s Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture.Of these,220 received ERAS-based management(research group)and 100 received routine management(control group).General information,postoperative ambulation activities,surgical outcomes(operation time,postoperative gastro-intestinal ventilation time,and hospital stay),postoperative pain visual analogue scale,postoperative complications(incision infection,abdominal distension,fever,nausea,and vomiting),and family satisfaction were compared.RESULTS The general information of the research group(sex,age,disease type,single parent,family history,etc.)was comparable to that of the control group(P>0.05),but the rate of postoperative(2 h,4 h,and 6 h after surgery)ambulation activities was statistically higher(P<0.01),and operation time,postoperative gastrointestinal ventilation time,and hospital stay were markedly shorter(P<0.05).The research group had lower visual analogue scale scores(P<0.01)at 12 h and 24 h after surgery and a lower incidence of total postoperative complications than the control group(P=0.001).The research group had higher family satisfaction than the control group(P=0.007).CONCLUSION The ERAS-based management model was safe and feasible in ambulatory pediatric surgical procedures and worthy of clinical promotion.

Clinical study of enhanced recovery after surgery in laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendici

BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocol is a comprehensive manage-ment modality that promotes patient recovery,especially in the patients undergo-ing digestive tumor surgeries.However,it is less commonly used in the appen-dectomy.AIM To study the application value of ERAS in laparoscopic surgery for acute appen-dicitis.METHODS A total of 120 patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy due to acute appendicitis were divided into experimental group and control group by random number table method,including 63 patients in the experimental group and 57 patients in the control group.Patients in the experimental group were managed with the ERAS protocol,and those in the control group were received the tra-ditional treatment.The exhaust time,the hospitalization duration,the hospita-lization expense and the pain score between the two groups were compared.RESULTS There was no significant difference in age,gender,body mass index and Sunshine Appendicitis Grading System score between the experimental group and the con-trol group(P>0.05).Compared to the control group,the patients in the expe-rimental group had earlier exhaust time,shorter hospitalization time,less hospi-talization cost and lower degree of pain sensation.The differences were statis-tically significant(P<0.01).CONCLUSION ERAS could significantly accelerate the recovery of patients who underwent la-paroscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis,shorten the hospitalization time and reduce hospitalization costs.It is a safe and effective approach.

Optimizing outcomes:Implementing enhanced recovery after surgery in orthopedic surgery

In the realm of orthopedics,the adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocols marks a significant stride towards enhancing patient well-being.By embracing a holistic approach that encompasses preoperative counseling,dietary optimization,minimally invasive procedures,and early postoperative mobilization,these protocols have ushered in a new era of surgical care.Despite encountering hurdles like resistance to change and resource allocation challenges,the efficacy of ERAS protocols in improving clinical outcomes is undeniable.Noteworthy benefits include shortened hospital stays and bolstered improved patient-safety measures.Looking ahead,the horizon for ERAS in orthopedics appears bright,with an emphasis on tailoring care to individual needs,integrating cutting-edge technologies,and perpetuating research endeavors.This shift towards a more personalized,streamlined,and cost-efficient model of care underscores the transformative potential of ERAS in reshaping not only orthopedic surgery but also the journey to patient recovery.This editorial details the scope and future of ERAS in the orthopedic specialty.

Clinical Study of Applying Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Concept in Single-Segment Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Surgery

Objective: With the aging population and changes in lifestyle, lumbar spinal stenosis has become a common spinal disorder. Treatment modalities have been advancing, and the application of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) principles provides a new approach to postoperative recovery in patients. This study aims to investigate the clinical application effects of ERAS principles in single-level lumbar spinal stenosis surgery. Methods: This study included 64 patients who underwent lumbar fusion surgery in the Spinal Surgery Department of Baise People’s Hospital from July 2022 to July 2024. These patients were divided into an experimental group (ERAS group, 33 cases) and a control group (conventional group, 31 cases) based on perioperative care, receiving ERAS principles and traditional treatment, respectively. A comparison was made between the two groups in terms of gender, age, BMI, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, hospital costs, VAS scores (preoperative/postoperative day 3), and ODI scores (preoperative/postoperative day 3). Results: There were no significant differences in gender, age, and BMI between the ERAS group and the conventional group (gender: χ2 = 0.5008, P = 0.4792;age: 54.55 ± 8.51 years vs. 57.39 ± 8.16 years, P = 0.0892;BMI: 25.11 ± 2.70 vs. 24.77 ± 2.75, P = 0.3098). However, during surgery, patients in the ERAS group had significantly less blood loss than those in the conventional group (197.58 ± 195.51ml vs. 438.71 ± 349.22 ml, P = 0.0006), and the postoperative length of hospital stay was significantly shorter (7.00 ± 2.24 days vs. 11.55 ± 5.23 days, P = 0.0000). On postoperative day 3, VAS scores were significantly better in the ERAS group compared to the conventional group (3.70 ± 0.88 vs. 4.32 ± 0.87, P = 0.0031), and the ODI scores showed significant improvement as well (46.00 ± 3.04 vs. 48.00 ± 3.39, P = 0.0078). Although there were no significant differences in postoperative complications and hospital costs (complications: 3 cases vs. 0 cases, P = 0.2154;hospital costs: 63524.29 ± 17891.80 RMB vs. 58733.84 ± 13280.82 RMB, P = 0.1154), ERAS demonstrated better postoperative recovery outcomes in single-level lumbar spinal stenosis surgery. Conclusion: The study results support the implementation of ERAS principles in single-level lumbar spinal stenosis surgery to promote rapid recovery, reduce healthcare resource consumption, and improve overall patient satisfaction.

Application of early enteral nutrition nursing based on enhanced recovery after surgery theory in patients with digestive surgery

BACKGROUND Postoperative nursing can improve the restlessness and gastrointestinal function of patients with tracheal intubation under general anesthesia in digestive surgery.Wide application of various nursing methods and routine nursing in periop-erative nursing of patients with general anesthesia in digestive surgery.AIM To investigate the impact of early postoperative enteral nutrition nursing based on the enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)theory on postoperative agitation and gastrointestinal recovery in patients undergoing general anesthesia that experienced tracheal intubation.METHODS The data of 126 patients with digestive surgery from May 2019 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different nursing methods,they were divided into control group and observation group,with 63 cases in observation group and 63 cases in control group.The patients in the control group had standard perioperative nursing care,whereas those in the observation group got enteral nourishment as soon as possible after surgery in accordance with ERAS theory.Both the rate and quality of gastrointestinal function recovery were compared between the two groups after treatment ended.Postoperative anes-thesia-related adverse events were tallied,patients'nutritional statuses were monitored,and the Riker sedation and agitation score(SAS)was used to measure the incidence of agitation.RESULTS When compared to the control group,the awake duration,spontaneous breathing recovery time,extubation time and postoperative eye-opening time were all considerably shorter(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the recovery time of orientation force between the two groups(P>0.05);however,the observation group had a lower SAS score than the control group(P<0.05).The recovery time for normal intestinal sounds,the time it took to have the first postoperative exhaust,the time it took to have the first postoperative defecation,and the time it took to have the first postoperative half-fluid feeding were all faster in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05);Fasting blood glucose was lower in the observation group compared to the control group(P<0.05),while the albumin and hemoglobin levels were higher on the first and third postoperative days;however,there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of anesthesia-related adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The extremely early postoperative enteral nutrition nursing based on ERAS theory can reduce the degree of agitation,improve the quality of recovery,promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function,and improve the nutritional status of patients in the recovery period after tracheal intubation under general anesthesia.

Implementation and achievements of enhanced recovery after surgery program in perioperative management of gastric cancer patients

Objective:The enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)program is less implemented in gastric cancer patients.The purpose of this survey is to investigate the implementation status of ERAS in perioperative period in gastric cancer.Methods:This clinical observational study enrolled 329 patients between January 2020 and August 2020 in a single gastric cancer center.The questionnaire consisted of 4 par ts:basic information,preoperative status,intraoperative status,and postoperative status of ERAS implementation in gastric cancer surgery.Results:In the preoperative period,patients'education and counseling(100%)were well adopted.Smoking cessation(34.6%),drinking cessation(36.9%),avoidance of preoperative mechanical bowel preparation(24.3%),respiratory function training(11.2%),and administration of carbohydrate-rich drink before surgery(0.6%)were relatively not well adopted.During the operation,maintenance of intraoperative normothermia and fluid management(100%),as well as epidural analgesia(81.5%),were well adopted.Thromboprophylaxis was performed in 133(40.4%)patients.In the postoperative period,early active mobilization was implemented about 9.5 h,and early ambulation was implemented about 39.5 h,after surgery.A total of 140(42.5%)patients received prolonged prophylactic antibiotics;268(81.5%)patients were provided diet upon gas passage;and 320(97.3%)patients received intravenous fluid administration more than 5 d after surgery.The practice rate of early removal of urinary catheter(0%)and nasogastric tube(15.5%)was relatively low.A total of 11(3.3%)patients experienced postoperative complication,and 1(0.3%)patient received unplanned reoperation.The average costs were￥59,500,and the average hospital stay was 12(5,36)d.Conclusions:Standard perioperative management of ERAS program in gastric cancer surgery in China still requires improvement.

Is recovery enhancement after gastric cancer surgery really a safe approach for elderly patients?

BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the safety of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)in elderly patients with gastric cancer(GC).AIM To evaluate the safety of ERAS in elderly patients with GC.METHODS The PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library databases were used to search for eligible studies from inception to April 1,2023.The mean difference(MD),odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(95%CI)were pooled for analysis.The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale scores.We used Stata(V.16.0)software for data analysis.RESULTS This study consists of six studies involving 878 elderly patients.By analyzing the clinical outcomes,we found that the ERAS group had shorter postoperative hospital stays(MD=-0.51,I2=0.00%,95%CI=-0.72 to-0.30,P=0.00);earlier times to first flatus(defecation;MD=-0.30,I²=0.00%,95%CI=-0.55 to-0.06,P=0.02);less intestinal obstruction(OR=3.24,I2=0.00%,95%CI=1.07 to 9.78,P=0.04);less nausea and vomiting(OR=4.07,I2=0.00%,95%CI=1.29 to 12.84,P=0.02);and less gastric retention(OR=5.69,I2=2.46%,95%CI=2.00 to 16.20,P=0.00).Our results showed that the conventional group had a greater mortality rate than the ERAS group(OR=0.24,I2=0.00%,95%CI=0.07 to 0.84,P=0.03).However,there was no statistically significant difference in major complications between the ERAS group and the conventional group(OR=0.67,I2=0.00%,95%CI=0.38 to 1.18,P=0.16).CONCLUSION Compared to those with conventional recovery,elderly GC patients who received the ERAS protocol after surgery had a lower risk of mortality.

Compliance with enhanced recovery after surgery predicts long-term outcome after hepatectomy for cholangiocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)program has been proved to improve postoperative outcome for many surgical procedures,including liver resection.There was limited evidence regarding the feasibility and benefit of ERAS in patients who underwent liver resection for cholangiocarcinoma.AIM To evaluate the feasibility of ERAS in patients who underwent liver resection for cholangiocarcinoma and its association with patient outcomes.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 116 cholangiocarcinoma patients who underwent hepatectomy at Srinagarind Hospital,Khon Kaen University between January 2015 and December 2016.The primary outcome was the compliance with ERAS.To determine the association between ERAS compliance and patient outcomes.the patients were categorized into those adhering more than and equal to 50%(ERAS≥50),and below 50%(ERAS<50)of all components.Details on type of surgical procedure,preoperative and postoperative care,tumor location,postoperative laboratory results,and survival time were evaluated.The compliance with ERAS was measured by the percentage of ERAS items achieved.The Kaplan-Meier curve was used for survival analysis.RESULTS The median percentage of ERAS goals achieved was 40%(±12%).Fourteen patients(12.1%)were categorized into the ERAS≥50 group,and 102 patients were in the ERAS<50 group.Postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the ERAS≥50 group[8.9 d,95%confidence interval(CI):7.3-10.4 d]than in the ERAS<50 group(13.7 d,95%CI:12.2-15.2 d)(P=0.0217).No hepatobiliary-related complications or in-hospital mortality occurred in the ERAS≥50 group.Overall survival was significantly higher in the ERAS≥50 group.The median survival of the patients in the ERAS<50 group was 1257 d(95%CI:853.2-1660.8 d),whereas that of the patients in the ERAS≥50 group was not reached.CONCLUSION Overall ERAS compliance for patients who underwent liver resection for cholangiocarcinoma is poor.Greater ERAS compliance could predict in-hospital,short-term,and long-term outcomes of the patients.

Application of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing with family care for enhanced recovery after surgery in children with inguinal hernia

BACKGROUND Perioperative nursing can reduce the stress reaction and improve the prognosis of children.AIM To elucidate the influence of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing for enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)with family care in perioperative nursing children with an inguinal hernia and its impact on the prognosis.METHODS The data of 100 children with inguinal hernia were retrospectively analyzed.The participants were divided into three groups according to different nursing methods:Groups A(n=38),B(n=32),and C(n=30).Group A received multidisciplinary collaborative ERAS nursing combined with family care nursing;Group B received multidisciplinary collaborative nursing for ERAS;and Group C received routine nursing.The postoperative recovery results of the three groups were compared,including intraoperative blood loss and postoperative feeding time,time of getting out of bed,hospitalization time,and defecation time.Furthermore,the incidence of common complications was also compared between the three groups.RESULTS There was less intraoperative blood loss in Groups A and B than in Group C(P<0.05),and the time of getting out of bed and postoperative hospitalization and defecation times were also decreased in Group C(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in postoperative feeding time among the three groups(P>0.05).Each index had no statistical significance between Groups A and B(P>0.05).The incidence of urinary retention,infection,hematoma,and hernia recurrence in Group A was less than that in Group C(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in the overall complication rate between Groups A and B and between Groups B and C(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The application of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing combined with family care in the perioperative care of children with an inguinal hernia for ERAS may promote postoperative rehabilitation for children and reduce the incidence of complications.

Optimizing surgical outcomes for elderly gallstone patients with a high body mass index using enhanced recovery after surgery protocol

BACKGROUND Rehabilitation of elderly patients with a high body mass index(BMI)after cholecystectomy carries risks and requires the adoption of effective perioperative management strategies.The enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocol is a comprehensive treatment approach that facilitates early patient recovery and reduces postoperative complications.AIM To compare the effectiveness of traditional perioperative management methods with the ERAS protocol in elderly patients with gallbladder stones and a high BMI.METHODS This retrospective cohort study examined data from 198 elderly patients with a high BMI who underwent cholecystectomy at the Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital from August 2019 to August 2022.Among them,99 patients were managed using the traditional perioperative care approach(non-ERAS protocol),while the remaining 99 patients were managed using the ERAS protocol.Relevant indicator data were collected for patients preoperatively,intraoperatively,and postoperatively,and surgical outcomes were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The comparison results between the two groups of patients in terms of age,sex,BMI,underlying diseases,surgical type,and preoperative hospital stay showed no statistically significant differences.However,the ERAS group had a significantly shorter preoperative fasting time than the non-ERAS group(4.0±0.9 h vs 7.6±0.9 h).Regarding intraoperative indicators,there were no significant differences between the two groups of patients.However,in terms of postoperative recovery,the ERAS protocol group exhibited significant advantages over the non-ERAS group,including a shorter hospital stay,lower postoperative pain scores and postoperative hunger scores,and higher satisfaction levels.The readmission rate was lower in the ERAS protocol group than in the non-ERAS group(3.0%vs 8.1%),although the difference was not significant.Furthermore,there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of postoperative nausea and vomiting severity,postoperative abdominal distention at 24 h,and daily life ability scores.CONCLUSION The findings of this study demonstrate that the ERAS protocol confers significant advantages in postoperative outcomes following cholecystectomy,including reduced readmission rates,decreased postoperative nausea and vomiting,alleviated abdominal distension,and enhanced functional capacity.While the protocol may not exhibit significant improvement in early postoperative symptoms,it does exhibit advantages in long-term postoperative symptoms and recovery.These findings underscore the importance of implementing the ERAS protocol in the postoperative management of cholecystectomy patients,as it contributes to improving patients'recovery and quality of life while reducing health care resource utilization.

Explore the clinical nursing path of daytime laparoscopic cholecystectomy under the guidance of enhanced recovery after surgery

Objective:To explore the safety and effectiveness nursing of 12 h discharged daytime laparoscopic cholecystectomy guided by enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)concept.Methods:Included 180 cases from the 12 h discharged daytime laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients which assessmended and guided by ERAS,with the 180 case of routine cholecystectomy patients as control group at the same time.To quantitatively analyze the related indexes of perioperative period and ERAS concept,and evaluate the clinical safety,and effectiveness.Results:It displayed no significant differences in average age,gender distribution,duration of gallbladder related disease and distribution of clinical symptoms between the two groups(P>0.05).There were also no significant differences in preoperative smoking history,hypertension history,cardio-cerebrovascular history,abdominal operation history and disease composition ratio between the two groups(P>0.05).None of the patients had conversion to laparotomy.Compared with the conventional surgery group,there were no significant differences in the average amount of intraoperative blood loss,operation time and muscle strength before returning to the ward in patients with ERAS guided day surgery(P>0.05).When compared with the conventional surgery group,ERAS guided day surgery group had no significant difference in muscle strength between the two groups when going under the ground(t=1.64,P=0.082).Also,the level of peripheral white blood cells in patients with ERAS guided day surgery group was not significantly increased at 6 h after surgery.Meanwhile,liver function related indexes,transaminase,total bilirubin,indirect bilirubin were not significantly abnormal(P>0.05).Conclusion:12 h daytime laparoscopic cholecystectomy guided by ERAS concept can improve the clinical efficacy of patients with cholecystolithiasis,which is safe and feasible.

基于ERAS理念的混合式教学模式在外科学中的改革创新探索

目的为回应“健康中国”战略对医学教育提出的新要求、新挑战,解决当前外科教学中存在的重讲授轻启发、重教师轻学生、重理论轻实践、重技能轻人文的问题,切实推进外科医学教育创新改革,为其他医学学科教学改革创新提供参考。方法本研究基于加速康复外科(en-hanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念,以培养具备临床岗位胜任力的应用型人才为核心,提升医学生“运用知识”和“实践创新”两种能力,推进专业知识吸收和医学实践操作相结合、医学素养与人文素质培养相结合、线上线下教学与床旁模拟教学三个相结合;采用LBL+PBL+CBL+TBL四维多元化教学方式,有机整合“外科+护理+麻醉+心理+人文思政”五大知识版块,通过“期末理论考核+OSCE(客观结构化临床考试)+数字化题库多阶段Quiz+临床沟通能力量表+学习成效评价量表+网络互评”进行六阶以能力为导向的综合评价改革,探索构建基于ERAS理念的外科教学改革模式。结果基于ERAS理念的混合式教学模式在外科学本科教学中的应用,凸显了以培养临床岗位胜任力应用型人才的核心,贴合临床实际,提升了医学生临床与多学科知识理解与整合的能力,巩固了学生对知识的掌握、运用和实践创新的能力。结论本研究构建的基于ERAS理念的混合式教学模式在外科学教学的应用,能够促进学生综合掌握临床知识、灵活运用知识解决实际问题,提升其自主学习能力、创新能力、团队合作能力、医学人文素养以及综合应用能力。

基于ERAS理念下产后乳胀护理方案对母婴分离产妇心理及泌乳的影响

目的探究加速康复外科医学(ERAS)理念引导下的产后乳胀护理方案对母婴分离的产妇泌乳及心理的影响。方法选取2022年8月至2023年8月于商丘市第一人民医院分娩且母婴分离的160例产妇作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照组和观察组各80例。对照组产妇实施常规产后乳胀护理方案,观察组产妇采取ERAS理念引导下的产后乳胀护理方案,两组产妇均接受1周的护理干预。比较两组产妇干预1周后的泌乳时间、泌乳量、乳房肿胀程度;采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS评估两组产妇干预前、干预3 d、干预1周后乳房的胀痛严重程度;并比较两组产妇干预前、干预1周后的心理状况评分[状态-特质焦虑量表(STA-I)和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评分(EPDS)]和健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)评分;采用Spearman相关分析法分析乳房肿胀程度与心理状态的相关性。结果观察组产妇的泌乳时间为(30.22±5.81)h、明显早于对照组的(46.38±7.59)h,泌乳量、Ⅰ级乳房肿胀程度占比分别为(469.51±22.31)mL、50.00%,明显多(高)于对照组的(337.81±33.17)mL、31.25%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预3 d和1周后,观察组产妇的VAS评分分别为(3.04±0.99)分、(1.05±0.38)分、明显低于对照组的(4.33±1.02)分、(2.82±0.85)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预1周后,观察组产妇的STA-I、EPDS评分分别为(30.25±3.05)分、(3.76±1.05)分,明显低于对照组的(38.11±3.78)分、(6.89±1.83)分,SF-36评分为(88.51±4.38)分,明显高于对照组的(78.36±4.25)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Spearman相关分析结果显示,产妇乳房肿胀程度与STA-I和EPDS评分均呈正相关(r=0.160、0.234,P<0.05)。结论ERAS理念护理方案可改善母婴分离产妇的泌乳异常、胀痛,减轻焦虑抑郁,提升生活质量。

择期剖宫产术中应用ERAS对GDM孕妇及其新生儿的疗效及安全性探讨

【目的】探讨对择期剖宫产的妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇实施加速康复外科(ERAS)是否会导致孕妇围术期血糖异常以及增加新生儿低血糖的风险。【方法】回顾性分析2022年5月1日至2023年10月31日期间在中山大学附属第三医院行择期剖宫产并接受ERAS处理的单胎妊娠孕妇。其中血糖控制良好GDM孕妇纳入GDM组,以产妇年龄(18~30岁;30~35岁;35~40岁,>40岁),BMI(<18.5 kg/m^(2);18.5~24.9 kg/m^(2);25~30 kg/m^(2);>30 kg/m^(2))及胎龄(7 d内)为标准,1:1匹配非GDM产妇为对照组。观察术前口服碳水化合物后孕产妇血糖变化趋势、任何时段的高血糖、低血糖,以及新生儿低血糖、低Apgar评分、血气分析中异常PH值的发生率,分娩后即刻转儿科率。【结果】本研究共收集孕妇150例,其中GDM组(n=75),非GDM组(n=75),两组孕妇手术当日空腹血糖无明显差异[(4.4±0.5)mmol/L vs.(4.3±0.5)mmol/L;t=1.395,P=0.165],在饮用300 mL(含低剂量碳水化合物42.6 g)的清亮饮品后30 min达到血糖峰值[(7.2±0.9)mmol/L vs.(6.4±0.8)mmol/L;t=5.773,P<0.001],后快速下降,在口服碳水化合物后120 min时血糖基本回到口服碳水化合物前水平,GDM组血糖均显著高于非GDM组(P<0.005)。虽然在口服碳水化合物后30 min的血糖峰值中,GDM组孕妇的高血糖发生率显著高于非GDM组,差异有统计学意义(17.3%vs.1.3%,χ^(2)=11.354,P<0.001),但并未发生严重高血糖(≥10 mmol/L)。GDM组新生儿低血糖发生率与非GDM组相比差异无统计学意义(22.7%vs.28%,χ^(2)=0.564,P=0.453)。与非GDM组相比,在调整了年龄+BMI(Model 1);初产+分娩孕周(Model 2);妊娠期高血压疾病(Model 3);剖宫产指征+剖宫产时间+术中出血(Model 4);新生儿体质量(Model 5)后,ERAS并没有显著增加GDM组新生儿低血糖发生率。【结论】对血糖控制良好的GDM孕妇择期剖宫产前实施口服低剂量碳水化合物的ERAS方案不增加孕妇术前严重高血糖及新生儿低血糖的风险。

ERAS药学服务在老年结直肠癌手术患者中的应用研究

目的 探讨加速康复外科(ERAS)理念药学服务在老年结直肠癌手术患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2023年1月~12月重庆医科大学附属永川医院就诊的122例老年结直肠癌手术患者进行研究。使用随机数字表法分为试验组(n=61)与对照组(n=61)。对照组给予常规治疗,试验组在常规治疗的基础上接受ERAS理念药学服务。干预结束后比较两组的实验室指标[白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PA)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)]、镇痛效果[视觉模拟评分(VAS)]、用药依从性[Morisky药物依从性量表(MMAS-8)]、住院期间并发症发生率、住院经济指标以及药品不良反应发生率。结果 术后3 d,试验组ALB、PA水平高于对照组,CRP、PCT水平低于对照组(P <0.05)。试验组VAS评分低于对照组,MMAS-8评分高于对照组(P <0.05)。试验组住院期间并发症发生率1.64%低于对照组11.48%(P <0.05)。试验组住院总费用、住院药物总费用、药占比均低于对照组(P <0.05)。试验组药品不良反应发生率3.28%低于对照组13.11%(P <0.05)结论 ERAS理念药学服务在老年结直肠癌手术患者中应用良好,可改善患者营养状态、炎症反应,减轻患者术后疼痛,提高患者用药依从性,降低住院期间并发症发生率、药品不良反应发生率,减少患者治疗费用。

ERAS理念下达芬奇机器人与单孔胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者术后康复和疼痛的对比研究

目的:对比分析加速康复外科(ERAS)理念下达芬奇机器人辅助胸腔镜手术(RATS)与单孔胸腔镜手术(VATS)患者术后康复和疼痛情况。方法:回顾性分析2021年9月—2022年8月在聊城市人民医院行RATS和单孔VATS的68例患者的临床资料,其中RATS组33例,单孔VATS组35例。两组患者均在ERAS理念下实施多模式镇痛(MMA)管理方案,椎旁神经阻滞(PVB)联合静吸复合全麻,侧卧位下实施手术,术后急性疼痛服务(APS)小组进行两次/天疼痛查房。比较两组患者的一般资料、手术时间、术中镇痛药物用量、术后入麻醉后恢复室(PACU)、术后24 h、48 h和72 h患者的镇痛药物用量、恶心呕吐发生率、术后24 h、48 h和72 h的静息和咳嗽疼痛评分,胸腔引流管的平均拔除时间、术后出院时间和首次下床活动时间。结果:两组患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开胸。RATS组手术时间和麻醉时间长于VATS组;两组患者术后24 h内的静息痛和咳嗽痛评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但RATS组患者术后48 h和72 h的静息痛和咳嗽痛评分低于单孔VATS组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。RATS组患者术后48h、72h阿片类药物用量低于单孔VATS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后首次下床活动时间、胸腔引流管拔除时间、出院时间和术后麻醉并发症相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:基于ERAS理念实施MMA,RATS和单孔VATS有相似的围术期安全性和可靠性,但RATS手术时间、麻醉时间长于单孔VATS组,RATS术后48和72 h内静息、咳嗽疼痛评分和阿片药物用量低于单孔VATS组。