Morphological Changes in Network of Enteric Nerve-Interstitial Cells of Cajal-Smooth Muscle Cells in Rats with Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome and Therapeutic Effects of Dachengqi Decoction (大承气汤)

Objective： To observe the effects of Dachengqi Decoction （大承气汤, DCQD） on morphological changes in the network of enteric nerve-interstitial cells of Cajal （ICCs）-smooth muscle cells （SMC） of enteric deep muscular plexuses （DMP） in the rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome （MODS）. Methods： One hundred Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 200 to 250 g were randomly divided into the control group, MODS group, and DCQD group. The morphologic changes of enteric nerve-ICC-SMC network in the DMP of intestine was observed using c-Kit and vesicular acetylcholine transporter/neuronal nitric oxide synthase immunohistochemical double-staining with whole-mount preparation technique, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and electron microscopy. Results： Compared with the control group, the distribution and densities of cholinergic/nitrergic nerves and ICC in the DMP （ICC-DMP） of intestine in the MODS group were significantly decreased （P0.01）, and the network of cholinergic nerve-ICC-SMC was disrupted; and the ultrastructural features of ICC-DMP, enteric nerve, and SMC were severely damaged. After treatment with DCQD, the damage in the network of enteric nerve-ICC-SMC was significantly recovered. Compared with the MODS group, the distribution and densities of cholinergic/nitrergic nerves and ICC-DMP in the DCQD group were significantly increased （P0.01）; and the ultrastructural features of ICC-DMP, enteric nerve, smooth muscle cells were significantly recovered. Conclusions： DCQD can improve the gastrointestinal motility in MODS. The mechanism may be related to the effect of repairing the damages in the network of enteric nerve-ICC-SMC.

大鼠小肠神经-Cajal间质细胞-平滑肌网络的超微结构研究

[目的]观察大鼠小肠神经-Cajal间质细胞(interstitial cells of Cajal,ICC)-平滑肌细胞网络的形态学结构,为临床提供理论依据。[方法]健康成年Wistar大鼠20只,上段小肠组织制作肠肌层全厚组织标本,进行c-Kit和囊泡装乙酰胆碱转运体(VAChT)/神经型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)免疫荧光双标记染色后用于激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测、分析;制作电镜标本用于透射电镜观测。[结果]ICC在环纵行肌间神经丛通过长的突触彼此相互连接形成密集的网络样完整结构。胆碱能/氮能神经彼此相接形成网状结构,ICC网络围绕着胆碱能/氮能神经网络,并与神经纤维和平滑肌纤维紧密连接,ICC相互之间、与平滑肌细胞间可见缝隙连接(gap junctions)。ICC与神经纤维末梢形成突触样连接(synaptic-like contacts);ICC突起与平滑肌细胞形成缝隙连接。形成完整的神经-ICC-平滑肌网络形态学基础。[结论]肠神经、ICC和平滑肌间形成相互连接的超微结构,三者细胞网络形态学基础的完整性是胃肠运动功能的基本保证。

白细胞介素6对豚鼠离体近端结肠平滑肌收缩的影响

目的:研究白细胞介素6(IL-6)对豚鼠近端结肠平滑肌的影响及其机制.方法:观察IL-6对结肠收缩的影响;用河豚毒素(TTX)阻断肠神经后观察不同浓度IL-6对结肠平滑肌收缩的影响;损伤Cajal间质细胞(ICC)后观察IL-6对结肠平滑肌收缩的影响.结果:在带有ICC的近端结肠纵行肌加入IL-6后,结肠平滑肌的收缩振幅增加和频率加快,呈浓度依赖性:加入TTX后,收缩的幅度和频率,同拮抗前相比分别降低和减慢(0.206±0.027 g vs 0.300±0.039 g;9.770±1.711 s vs 8.483±1.113 s:P<0.01,P<0.05):TTX阻断后加入IL-6(80μg/L),振幅增加和频率加快(P<0.01,P<0.05):破坏结肠ICC,收缩幅度和频率分别与损伤ICC后加入IL-6无显著性差异(80μg/L),而与正常结肠收缩振幅和频率有显著性差异(P<0.01).结论:IL-6对豚鼠近端结肠平滑肌的收缩活动有兴奋作用,其兴奋效应主要是通过肠神经元介导.ICC是IL-6对平滑肌兴奋途径的一个不可缺少的中间环节.

针刺对功能性便秘肠神经-Cajal间质细胞-平滑肌细胞网络影响的实验研究探讨

功能性便秘是功能性肠病的一种,其发病率逐年上升,严重影响生活质量,而针刺治疗功能性便秘在临床上被广泛运用,疗效肯定。近年来许多研究表明,肠神经系统(ENS)、Cajal间质细胞(ICC)、平滑肌细胞(SMC)互相联系,构成肠神经-Cajal间质细胞-平滑肌细胞(ENS-ICC-SMC)网络体系,是胃肠道运动功能的基本单位,参与胃肠运动调节。综观近年来针刺治疗功能性便秘的相关实验文献,分析针刺对功能性便秘ENS-ICC-SMC网络体系相关影响,并指出下一步研究可从该网络超微结构的整体以及GDNF基因启动子区的甲基化修饰状态及其基因转录水平入手,为针刺治疗功能性便秘下一步研究提供方向性的指导。