Study on the Management Quality of China Woman Enterprisers

China women have formed their special personalities and characters different from men＇s. Enterprisers, who can prove equal to the task, must possess the management qualities. Women engaged in management work also need to possess the same management qualities. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages and help China women become excellent enterprisers. Management quality is a based condition possessed in management work, which includes the education degree, the level of some knowledge, the function of psychology, the skill, the experience, the health and so on. One of the important specific properties of management quality is the difference. The management qualities are connected with the management behaviors and performances. The advantages of the women enterprisers＇ management qualities are on three parts such as their vocational interests, values and personalities. The disadvantages are their psychological minds of their inferiority, dependency and mediocrity.

Lvis支架与Enterprise支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的临床效果及预后对比研究

目的对比分析Lvis支架与Enterprise支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞对颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者栓塞效果、预后效果的影响及安全性。方法回顾性分析青海红十字医院2020年9月至2023年9月收治的147例颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者的临床资料,所有患者均行支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞术治疗,根据所使用的不同支架分为Enterprise支架组(72例,动脉瘤个数74枚)和Lvis支架组(75例,动脉瘤个数78枚)。比较两组患者术后即刻Raymond分级情况、并发症发生率、出院时和出院后6个月改良Rankin量表(m RS)评分。结果Lvis支架组患者术后即刻Raymond分级Ⅰ级占比高于Enterprise支架组,Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级占比低于Enterprise支架组(P<0.05);两组患者手术相关并发症总发生率,出院时和出院后6个月mRS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论与Enterprise支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤相比,Lvis支架在术后即刻的栓塞效果更佳,但两种支架手术相关并发症和术后短期预后情况相当。

Enterprise 2支架治疗颅内动脉瘤的临床效果分析

目的 研究分析颅内动脉瘤在临床治疗环节中Enterprise 2支架的应用效果。方法 选取2021年6月—2022年12月在本院接受治疗的60例颅内动脉瘤患者展开试验分析,按照其治疗方式进行分组,将采用Enterprise 2支架展开治疗的患者作为观察组,选择保守治疗的患者30例作为对照组,对比两组患者治疗成功率以及临床症状改善情况。结果 经治疗,观察组患者治疗成功率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);经过6个月的随访发现,观察组患者临床症状改善情况显著优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者满意度显著优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 Enterprise 2支架治疗操作比较简单,并且可以取得良好的治疗效果,相较于保守治疗而言,治疗效果显著,可以有效改善患者预后,值得在临床推广应用。

Survey and Prospect for Applying Knowledge Graph in Enterprise Risk Management

Enterprise risk management holds significant importance in fostering sustainable growth of businesses and in serving as a critical element for regulatory bodies to uphold market order.Amidst the challenges posed by intricate and unpredictable risk factors,knowledge graph technology is effectively driving risk management,leveraging its ability to associate and infer knowledge from diverse sources.This review aims to comprehensively summarize the construction techniques of enterprise risk knowledge graphs and their prominent applications across various business scenarios.Firstly,employing bibliometric methods,the aim is to uncover the developmental trends and current research hotspots within the domain of enterprise risk knowledge graphs.In the succeeding section,systematically delineate the technical methods for knowledge extraction and fusion in the standardized construction process of enterprise risk knowledge graphs.Objectively comparing and summarizing the strengths and weaknesses of each method,we provide recommendations for addressing the existing challenges in the construction process.Subsequently,categorizing the applied research of enterprise risk knowledge graphs based on research hotspots and risk category standards,and furnishing a detailed exposition on the applicability of technical routes and methods.Finally,the future research directions that still need to be explored in enterprise risk knowledge graphs were discussed,and relevant improvement suggestions were proposed.Practitioners and researchers can gain insights into the construction of technical theories and practical guidance of enterprise risk knowledge graphs based on this foundation.

Central environmental protection inspection and carbon emission reduction: A tripartite evolutionary game model from the perspective of carbon neutrality

Since the carbon neutrality target was proposed,many countries have been facing severe challenges to carbon emission reduction sustainably.This study is conducted using a tripartite evolutionary game model to explore the impact of the central environmental protection inspection(CEPI)on driving carbon emission reduction,and to study what factors influence the strategic choices of each party and how they interact with each other.The research results suggest that local governments and manufacturing enterprises would choose strategies that are beneficial to carbon reduction when CEPI increases.When the initial willingness of all parties increases 20%,50%—80%,the time spent for the whole system to achieve stability decreases from 100%,60%—30%.The evolutionary result of“thorough inspection,regulation implementation,low-carbon management”is the best strategy for the tripartite evolutionary game.Moreover,the smaller the cost and the larger the benefit,the greater the likelihood of the three-party game stability strategy appears.This study has important guiding significance for other developing countries to promote carbon emission reduction by environmental policy.

Impact of carbon disclosure on debt financing costs

Creditors,such as banks,often use disclosed environmental information to assess a company’s environmental risk and ensure the safety of debt funds.Consequently,carbon disclosures have become an important consideration for creditors when making investments.This study explores the relationship between carbon disclosure and debt financing costs using data on listed companies from 2008 to 2019.The results show that carbon disclosure can reduce the debt financing costs of enterprises,and that this influence is more significant for private companies than for state-owned enterprises.Instrumental variables and Propensity Score Matching(PSM)were used to evaluate the robustness of negative relationships.Furthermore,carbon disclosure has a more significant impact on debt costs with less environmental supervision pressure,weak residents’environmental awareness,and weak product market competition.These findings provide guidance for companies’carbon information disclosure and support the establishment of official carbon disclosure standards.

Impact of the carbon market on investment benefits of power-grid enterprises in China: a system dynamics analysis

The power grid,as the hub connecting the power supply and consumption sides,plays an important role in achieving carbon neutrality in China.In emerging carbon markets,assessing the investment benefits of power-grid enterprises is essential.Thus,studying the impact of the carbon market on the investment and operation of powergrid enterprises is key to ensuring their efficient operation.Notably,few studies have examined the interaction between the carbon and electricity markets using system dynamics models,highlighting a research gap in this area.This study investigates the impact of the carbon market on the investment of power-grid enterprises using a novel evaluation system based on a system dynamics model that considers carbon-emissions from an established carbon-emission accounting model.First,an index system for benefit evaluation was constructed from six aspects:financing ability,economic benefit,reliability,social responsibility,user satisfaction,and carbon-emissions.A system dynamics model was then developed to reflect the causal feedback relationship between the impact of the carbon market on the investment and operation of power-grid enterprises.The simulation results of a provincial power-grid enterprise analyze comprehensive investment evaluation benefits over a 10-year period and the impact of carbon emissions on the investment and operation of power-grid enterprises.This study provides guidelines for the benign development of power-grid enterprises within the context of the carbon market.

Evolutionary analysis of green credit and automobile enterprises under the mechanism of dynamic reward and punishment based on government regulation

To explore the green development of automobile enterprises and promote the achievement of the“dual carbon”target,based on the bounded rationality assumptions,this study constructed a tripartite evolutionary game model of gov-ernment,commercial banks,and automobile enterprises;introduced a dynamic reward and punishment mechanism;and analyzed the development process of the three parties’strategic behavior under the static and dynamic reward and punish-ment mechanism.Vensim PLE was used for numerical simulation analysis.Our results indicate that the system could not reach a stable state under the static reward and punishment mechanism.A dynamic reward and punishment mechanism can effectively improve the system stability and better fit real situations.Under the dynamic reward and punishment mechan-ism,an increase in the initial probabilities of the three parties can promote the system stability,and the government can im-plement effective supervision by adjusting the upper limit of the reward and punishment intensity.Finally,the implementa-tion of green credit by commercial banks plays a significant role in promoting the green development of automobile enter-prises.

How Software Engineering Transforms Organizations: An Open and Qualitative Study on the Organizational Objectives and Motivations in Agile Transformations

Agile Transformations are challenging processes for organizations that look to extend the benefits of Agile philosophy and methods beyond software engineering.Despite the impact of these transformations on orga-nizations,they have not been extensively studied in academia.We conducted a study grounded in workshops and interviews with 99 participants from 30 organizations,including organizations undergoing transformations(“final organizations”)and companies supporting these processes(“consultants”).The study aims to understand the motivations,objectives,and factors driving and challenging these transformations.Over 700 responses were collected to the question and categorized into 32 objectives.The findings show that organizations primarily aim to achieve customer centricity and adaptability,both with 8%of the mentions.Other primary important objectives,with above 4%of mentions,include alignment of goals,lean delivery,sustainable processes,and a flatter,more team-based organizational structure.We also detect discrepancies in perspectives between the objectives identified by the two kinds of organizations and the existing agile literature and models.This misalignment highlights the need for practitioners to understand with the practical realities the organizations face.

Evaluation of a software positioning tool to support SMEs in adoption of big data analytics

Big data analytics has been widely adopted by large companies to achieve measurable benefits including increased profitability,customer demand forecasting,cheaper development of products,and improved stock control.Small and medium sized enterprises(SMEs)are the backbone of the global economy,comprising of 90%of businesses worldwide.However,only 10%SMEs have adopted big data analytics despite the competitive advantage they could achieve.Previous research has analysed the barriers to adoption and a strategic framework has been developed to help SMEs adopt big data analytics.The framework was converted into a scoring tool which has been applied to multiple case studies of SMEs in the UK.This paper documents the process of evaluating the framework based on the structured feedback from a focus group composed of experienced practitioners.The results of the evaluation are presented with a discussion on the results,and the paper concludes with recommendations to improve the scoring tool based on the proposed framework.The research demonstrates that this positioning tool is beneficial for SMEs to achieve competitive advantages by increasing the application of business intelligence and big data analytics.

Research on Pathways of How Digital Transformation Affects the Business Performance of MEEC Enterprises in Chengdu

This paper aims to examine the impact of digital transformations on the business performance of the meetings,expositions,events,and conventions(MEEC)industry in Chengdu by conducting an empirical analysis of 68 MEEC enterprises in the city.The study employed the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)method to explore the pathways and factors involved.Drawing on the theory of synergetics,nine condition variables were carefully selected from four dimensions:digital technologies,digital strategy,digital infrastructure,and digital innovation.The findings revealed that digital transformations were an intricate systematic process,whereby a single factor alone did not serve as a necessary condition for MEEC enterprises to achieve high business performance.The analysis identified five distinct pathways that would lead to high performance,which can be categorized into three distinct models:the“organization-human resources”dominated model,the“human resources-infrastructure”driven model,and the multi-factor coordination model.The analysis also identified two pathways that would result in low performance,categorized as the“basic condition absent”model.Notably,there was substantial heterogeneity observed in the configurational pathways in terms of the magnitude of the impact of digital transformation on business performance across MEEC enterprises of different sizes.This paper suggests that the government should assume the role of a platform,providing policy and financial support to MEEC enterprises to help guide them through the process of digital transformation and that MEEC enterprises themselves should seize the opportunities arising from digital transformation to strengthen their digital infrastructure construction,human resources development,and innovation in brand building.This study presents empirical evidence that contributes to the understanding of the transformation process of MEEC enterprises within the digital economy era,as well as valuable insights into understanding the channels and internal conditions involved in digital transformations.

Selective Technology Importation and the Convergence in the Late Qing Dynasty: Evidence from Wired Telegraph

Using the adoption and expansion of wired telegraph in China during the late 19^(th) century,this paper investigates the effect of cost reductions for knowledge exchange on China’s industrial growth before the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression(1931-1945),thus testing Baldwin’s theory of“the Great Convergence”in which developing countries are empowered by information and communication technologies.Based on panel data of 1858-1937,we found that wired telegraph access had a significantly positive effect,as well as a long-term growth effect,on the entry of industrial enterprises.Our mechanism analysis indicates that wired telegraph access accelerated early-stage industrialization in localities by encouraging market integration,human capital accumulation,and auxiliary commercial organizations.Only a few countries firmly asserted their telegraph sovereignty and set up their own workforce educational system during telegraph adoption.This explains why the Great Convergence arising from technology importation only occurred in a small number of countries.Our findings contribute to understanding the source of China’s modern industrial progress,as well as why global inequities remain.

Contract Mechanism of Water Environment Regulation for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Based on Optimal Control Theory

The small and scattered enterprise pattern in the county economy has formed numerous sporadic pollution sources, hindering the centralized treatment of the water environment, increasing the cost and difficulty of treatment. How enterprises can make reasonable decisions on their water environment behavior based on the external environment and their own factors is of great significance for scientifically and effectively designing water environment regulation mechanisms. Based on optimal control theory, this study investigates the design of contractual mechanisms for water environmental regulation for small and medium-sized enterprises. The enterprise is regarded as an independent economic entity that can adopt optimal control strategies to maximize its own interests. Based on the participation of multiple subjects including the government, enterprises, and the public, an optimal control strategy model for enterprises under contractual water environmental regulation is constructed using optimal control theory, and a method for calculating the amount of unit pollutant penalties is derived. The water pollutant treatment cost data of a paper company is selected to conduct empirical numerical analysis on the model. The results show that the increase in the probability of government regulation and public participation, as well as the decrease in local government protection for enterprises, can achieve the same regulatory effect while reducing the number of administrative penalties per unit. Finally, the implementation process of contractual water environmental regulation for small and medium-sized enterprises is designed.

Optimizing Enterprise Conversational AI: Accelerating Response Accuracy with Custom Dataset Fine-Tuning

As the realm of enterprise-level conversational AI continues to evolve, it becomes evident that while generalized Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5 bring remarkable capabilities, they also bring forth formidable challenges. These models, honed on vast and diverse datasets, have undoubtedly pushed the boundaries of natural language understanding and generation. However, they often stumble when faced with the intricate demands of nuanced enterprise applications. This research advocates for a strategic paradigm shift, urging enterprises to embrace a fine-tuning approach as a means to optimize conversational AI. While generalized LLMs are linguistic marvels, their inability to cater to the specific needs of businesses across various industries poses a critical challenge. This strategic shift involves empowering enterprises to seamlessly integrate their own datasets into LLMs, a process that extends beyond linguistic enhancement. The core concept of this approach centers on customization, enabling businesses to fine-tune the AI’s functionality to fit precisely within their unique business landscapes. By immersing the LLM in industry-specific documents, customer interaction records, internal reports, and regulatory guidelines, the AI transcends its generic capabilities to become a sophisticated conversational partner aligned with the intricacies of the enterprise’s domain. The transformative potential of this fine-tuning approach cannot be overstated. It enables a transition from a universal AI solution to a highly customizable tool. The AI evolves from being a linguistic powerhouse to a contextually aware, industry-savvy assistant. As a result, it not only responds with linguistic accuracy but also with depth, relevance, and resonance, significantly elevating user experiences and operational efficiency. In the subsequent sections, this paper delves into the intricacies of fine-tuning, exploring the multifaceted challenges and abundant opportunities it presents. It addresses the technical intricacies of data integration, ethical considerations surrounding data usage, and the broader implications for the future of enterprise AI. The journey embarked upon in this research holds the potential to redefine the role of conversational AI in enterprises, ushering in an era where AI becomes a dynamic, deeply relevant, and highly effective tool, empowering businesses to excel in an ever-evolving digital landscape.

Neuroform Atlas支架与Enterprise支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的效果比较

目的探讨Neuroform Atlas支架与Enterprise支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤(IWA)的效果。方法选取IWA患者72例,采用随机数字表法分为A、B组,每组36例。A组采用Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗,B组采用Enterprise支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗。比较两组Raymond分级、脑血流灌注情况、改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分及并发症发生率。结果A组和B组术后即刻Raymond分级Ⅰ级占比分别为75.00%(27/36)、66.67%(24/36),比较差异不显著(P>0.05);两组术后即刻Raymond分级比较,差异不显著(P>0.05);A组术后6个月Raymond分级Ⅰ级占比为83.33%(30/36),高于B组的61.11%(22/36)(P<0.05);A组术后6个月Raymond分级优于B组(P<0.05)。A组和B组术前局部脑血容量(rCBV)、颅内压(ICP)比较,差异不显著(P>0.05);A组和B组术后6个月rCBV均高于术前,ICP均低于术前,且A组术后6个月rCBV(2.18±0.42)ml/100 g高于B组的(1.95±0.33)ml/100 g,ICP(16.24±2.63)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)低于B组的(18.52±2.70)mm Hg(P<0.05)。随访6个月,A组mRS评分0~2分占比94.44%高于B组的77.78%(P<0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较,差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论与Enterprise支架相比,Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗IWA的完全闭塞率更高,同时能更好地改善患者脑血流灌注和短期预后,而两种支架的并发症发生率相似。

Green Signal for China-U.S.Green Cooperation

Firms in China and the United States are now keen to explore green transition for greater collaboration and mutual benefit.WITH the fallouts of climate change becoming direr globally,pursuing green and sustainable economic growth has become a universal consensus.However,green transition requires the joint efforts of governments,social organizations,enterprises,and people across the globe.To facilitate collaboration,especially between China and the United States,the two largest economies and at times the biggest competitors,the China International Youth Exchange Center(CIYEC)and the American Chamber of Commerce in China(AmCham China)hosted a seminar for U.S.and Chinese enterprises on green development cooperation in Beijing on January 19,2024.

Demography and Socio-Economic Aspects on Irrigated Smallholder Agricultural Enterprises and Their Association with the Cultivation of Maize (Zea mays L.) as a Selected Field Crop

The purpose of this study is to correlate demography and socio-economic aspects at Irrigated Smallholder Agricultural Enterprises and their association with the Cultivation of Maize in order to determine its positive impacts at irrigated smallholders’ agricultural entrepreneurs’ household. Chi-square test was used as descriptive analysis method. The Fischer Exact tests were employed to test demography (gender, age, education, and income) in winter and summer production season of irrigated smallholder agricultural enterprises and their association with the cultivation of selected field crop (i.e. maize). The results show that gender results were not being statistically significant, as measured by the Phi measure of effect size, φ = 0.149, p = 0.011, and φ = 0.05, p = 0.392 in summer. As far as age is concern, it appears to be a statistically significant association between cultivating maize and age in winter, φ = 0.046, p = 0.730 in winter and φ = 0.172, p = 0.013. Education winter result not being statistically significant, the effect size showed a weak association, as measured by the Phi measure of effect size, φ = 0.112, p = 0.305 and φ = 0.035, p = 0.948 in summer. Income result not being statistically significant, as measured by the Phi measure of effect size, φ = 0.049, p = 0.399 and φ = 0.081, p = 0.166 in summer. In conclusion, the study shows that the development of best management practices must be based on a comprehensive analysis of the livelihoods and irrigated smallholder agricultural enterprise farming styles of participating irrigated smallholder agricultural entrepreneurs.

SSEZ: From Barren to Booming

The Sihanoukville Special Economic Zone(SSEZ)has undergone a remarkable transformation.Once a barren land lacking roads,water,electricity,and communication networks on steep terrain with an elevation difference of 70 meters,the area now hosts an international industrial park accommodating 190 enterprises and institutions.Jointly developed by Chinese and Cambodian enterprises,the SSEZ has become a flagship project symbolizing China-Cambodia collaboration within the Belt and Road Initiative.Former Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen praised it as a model of Belt and Road cooperation between China and Cambodia.

Chinese Enterprises’ Investment in Southeast Asia Continues Unabated

As we all know,Southeast Asia has become a hot destination for Chinese enterprises to invest in.The latest report shows that Southeast Asia continues to attract China’s capital,within which the medical industry has become an important area for Chinese enterprises to invest in,and the investment activity has gradually warmed up despite fluctuations.

News in Brief

China promotes integrated development of domestic,foreign tradeNChina,the world’s second-largest consumer market and the world’s biggest goods trader,is striving to accelerate the integrated development of both domestic and foreign trade.Introducing a circular released recently by the General Office of the State Council that raised 18 measures to speed up the integrated development,officials of multiple departments said that it is necessary to open up the domestic market as well as the international market,encourage foreign trade enterprises to switch to domestic sales,and domestic trade enterprises to engage in foreign trade.