Improving innovation and entrepreneurship education in higher institutions: the impact of "Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation" education on undergraduates' entrepreneurial intentions

The exploration of the way"mass entrepreneurship and innovation"(MEI)education influences students'aspirations to become entrepreneurs has grown into an important area of analysis in studies related to higher education.This research intends to examine the consequences of MEI education on students'tendency towards entrepreneurship,and to put forward methods for augmenting the teaching of innovation and entrepreneurship in private higher educational establishments.To achieve this objective,questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were employed in the study,which involved a total of 197 students and five education experts.The statistical analysis of the questionnaire data revealed that MEI education was positively related to students'entrepreneurial intentions,and that both entrepreneurial experience and family entrepreneurial background played moderating roles in this relationship.The interview findings indicated that private universities could enhance educational reforms by designing talent training programs,developing diversified curricula,and developing more professional entrepreneurial platforms to encourage students'entrepreneurial intentions.This study offers fresh insights for improving and perfecting the mechanism of innovation and entrepreneurship education in private universities.

What Drives Migrants Back to Set up Firms?Return-home Entrepreneurial Intention of Rural Migrant Workers in China

The extant literature on international immigrants has discussed migrants’entrepreneurial activities in the context of Western countries but has paid little attention to return-home entrepreneurial intention(RHEI).Rural migrant workers(RMWs)in China,who used to promote rural development by remittances and were characterized by similarities with early international migrants,have gradually returned to their hometowns to initiate entrepreneurial activities.Based on the structured questionnaire conducted in 2015 and 2020in Anhui Province,China,this article combines the concept of mixed embeddedness with the idea of double-layered embeddedness and analyzes the impacts of the social,economic and institutional context in RMWs’hometowns and migration destinations on RMWs’RHEI by using binary logistic regression.The article shows that the social,economic,and institutional environments of RMWs’hometowns and migration destinations have effects on their RHEI.The embeddedness in the economic and informal institutional context in RMWs’RHEI is even more important than personal characteristics.Compared with migration destinations,RMWs’hometowns exert a more influential effect on their RHEI.However,that does not mean that the role of migration destinations can be undervalued.Actually,the better the social,economic,and institutional environments of migration destinations RMWs moved into is,the higher entrepreneurial intention they will have after returning to their hometowns.The article proposes a modified framework in combination of mixed embeddedness with double-layer embeddedness and proves that it is suitable for analyzing RMWs’RHEI.The framework has important implications for strengthening China’s RMWs to return home to start their own businesses.

An Examination of Social Media Role in Entrepreneurial Intention among Accounting Students: A SEM Study

The purpose of this paper is to examine the current role of social media on entrepreneurial intention among theaccounting students in Penang. A survey was designed and disseminated to the accounting students where 233 validresponses were collected. Through structural equation modelling, the findings indicated that entrepreneurialintention was significantly influenced by social media. The findings of this study provided useful information forthe government to engage with other stakeholders and make use of the social media advantage to shape effectivecommunication strategies to support entrepreneurial intention for accounting students.

Effects of Entrepreneurship Education on Students＇ Entrepreneurial Intentions： A Case of Botswana

The purpose of this research was to assess the impact of entrepreneurship education on university students＇ intentions towards entrepreneurship. To test this relationship and attempt to answer the research question ＂to what extent does University-level entrepreneurship education influence students＇ entrepreneurial intentions？＂ a conceptual model supported by the theory of Planned Behaviour was adopted. Data were gathered from 343 final year students at the University of Botswana using a validated Entrepreneurship Intention Questionnaire. The results provide evidence that all three immediate antecedents of entrepreneurial intention; attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control （perceived entrepreneurial abilities） directly influence entrepreneurial intention. Participation in entrepreneurship education was observed to positively influence students＇ intention to become an entrepreneur by changing their attitude towards entrepreneurship and increasing their entrepreneurial abilities. The implication is that the university curriculum should be redesigned in order to stimulate an environment that is conducive for developing positive entrepreneurial attitudes and abilities. Based on the above, it is recommended that （a） entrepreneurship education subjects be offered as core subjects in the first and final years at the University of Botswana and students＇ assessments should incorporate linking projects with small firms, （b） the University of Botswana Business Clinic should establish a venture accelerator programme by providing seed funding and an entrepreneurship-mentorship programme. Policymakers need to understand that government initiatives will affect business formations only if these initiatives affect attitudes, entrepreneurial abilities, and subjective norms, which could motivate young people to start a promising enterprise. The objective of the promotion of entrepreneurship policy in Botswana should be to increase the number of individuals considering business start-ups through more determined entrepreneurship education initiatives.

The Impact of Motivational Factors Towards Entrepreneurial Intention

The entrepreneurial intention is one’s desire to start up one’s own business. Krueger et al.(2000) relate entrepreneurial intention with those who care about new venture formation. It is a way of thinking for an entrepreneur to emphasize on opportunities over threats. The rise in entrepreneurship is an important issue in the present world. Entrepreneurs are giving more attention to the small and medium enterprise. Start-up businesses are very significant in the case of growth, profitability, and development of the society. Possible factors that have an impact on entrepreneurial intention includes financial well-being, need for achievement, self-efficacy, and desire to be independent. The research question is to examine the factors of motivation towards entrepreneurial intention in the context of the female of Bangladesh. The problem is very significant as previous research has done mainly on male entrepreneurs and in the developed countries. The few studies conducted in developing countries to date (Iakovleva et al., 2011). The current study is an effort to explicitly examine the relationship between several factors of motivation and entrepreneurial intention of females of Bangladesh. In keeping with the hypotheses, results show that only need for achievement has a significant positive relation with entrepreneurial intention.

The Impact of Religious Dimension on Entrepreneurial Intention by Using PLS Approach --Case Study

In a complex environment resulted from the economic and technological changes, and the emergence of the uncertainty cases, the entrepreneurial thought knows a development in the determinants of entrepreneurial spirit, that has become a mechanism and a dynamic of the competitivety of international economies, starting by the construction of investment projects whether individual or collective, which are based on innovation and the use of technology as factors that have the ability to give business competitiveness and increase its economic efficiency, also that is through the creation of job opportunities and reaching the economic development. This research aims to study the effect of the religious dimension and the dimensions of entrepreneurial behavior on the entrepreneurial intention among youth who are interested in realizing entrepreneurial projects. The partial least squares approach （PLS） has been used in this study and it results that the religious dimension influences positively the entrepreneurial intention.

Research on the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Intention

Entrepreneurship is a key concept to understand the rapid development of China’s economy since the reform and opening-up.It is related to the revitalization of the Chinese nation.Formulating effective entrepreneurial policies and measures,carrying out entrepreneurship education,and promoting entrepreneurial actions are important issues that government agencies,educational institutions,and the society at all levels are paying attention to.The key lies in the insight into the psychological cognitive mechanism and motivation source of entrepreneurs in starting a business.Upon reviewing previous studies,this article believes that entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions are the key concepts and entry points connecting entrepreneurial characteristics,entrepreneurial behavior,and cognitive research.This study explores the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention from five dimensions:entrepreneurial planning efficacy,entrepreneurial resource acquisition,relationship coordination efficacy,risk-taking efficacy,as well as innovation and reform efficacy.Suggestions and strategies have been proposed in this article to integrate the entrepreneurial ecology of universities,society and the government,reform the entrepreneurial education model,as well as improve the entrepreneurial willingness of college students.

Review and Comparison of Classical Entrepreneurial Intention Models

The study of entrepreneurial models carries significance in guiding the development of entrepreneurial activities.On the basis of a literature review,this paper reviews and analyzes six classic and widely influential entrepreneurial models:entrepreneurial event model(EEM),entrepreneurial intention model(EIM),revised EIM,theory of planned behavior(TPB),economic psychological model(EPM),and structural model of entrepreneurial intention(SMEI).This paper aims to discuss the similarities and differences of these entrepreneurial intention models and their applications in different contexts,which carries important theoretical and practical significance for further research on entrepreneurial behavior and intention.

Factors Affecting the Entrepreneurial Intention of Students at Tan Trao University

Entrepreneurship is one of the popular choices for students after graduation from higher education.The study focuses on proposing a model to identify the factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of students at Tan Trao University by researching some typical models in the world.By quantitative research methods based on a survey of 391 students,the study has shown that there are 5 factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of students at Tan Trao University,including opportunity,motivation,perception of behavioral control,skills and resources for entrepreneurship.Thereby,the study proposes a number of solutions for the students,the university and other related parties to promote students’entrepreneurial intentions.

What impact entrepreneurial intention?Cultural,environmental,and educational factors

Entrepreneurial intention is a key part of entrepreneurship.This paper aims to explore internal and external impact factors on entrepreneurial intention from the perspective of information transfer.It examines how cultural differences,environmental factors,and environmental education affect entrepreneurial intention.A questionnaire-based survey on Chinese and American college students is conducted to verify three hypotheses.The results show that there is no significant difference in entrepreneurial intention level between college students in China and America(American-born Chinese)college students,that individuals’perceived environmental support is positively related to their entrepreneurial intention,and that individuals’entrepreneurial education level is not positively related to their entrepreneurial intention.

University Students＇ Entrepreneurial Intentions： A Comparative Analysis of Hong Kong and Guangzhou

Based on original survey data, this paper analyses and compares the role of personal traits and networks in determining entrepreneurial intentions of students in Hong Kong and in Guangzhou. The two cities are culturally closely related but differ strongly with respect to their labor market conditions and the maturity of their legal and business environments. We find that the determinants of students＇entrepreneurial intentions differ substantially between Hong Kong and Guangzhou, with the findings for Hong Kong showing much similarity with previous findings for Western economies. This suggests that differences in labor market prospects and in the maturity of their legal and business environments might be more important than cultural （dis-）similarities in identifying key factors forming students＇ entrepreneurial intentions.

女大学生创新创业意愿及影响因素调查分析——以 X大学为样本的调查

女性是全民创业万众创新的重要力量。女性创新创业意愿直接影响国家创新创业政策的实施效果。女大学生是女性群体中极具活力的部分。为了更好地了解女大学生创新创业意愿及影响因素,本文以X大学为调查对象展开研究。调研发现,与男大学生相比,女大学生创新意愿偏高,创业意愿偏低。研修学习、行为态度以及实践应用等因素均与女大学生创新创业意愿具有显著相关性。调查得知,女大学生创新创业意愿现状主要归因于自信心不足、信息共享渠道不畅、资金支持有限及参与实效偏低等。为此应当持续关注原动力,增强女大学生的创新创业自信心;持续畅通渠道,提升女大学生创新创业信息获取质效;持续助力清障,加大为女大学生创新创业提供资金支持力度;持续推进实效,提高女大学生创新创业行动力。

大学生社会网络关系对创业意向的影响

为厘清影响大学生创业意向的因素,该研究从社会网络关系的视角出发,挖掘其对创业意向影响的内部作用机制。该研究在社交网络、个体特征和创业意向之间建立一个理论模型,并通过问卷法对615名大学生进行实证调查。结果表明,大学生的短期创业经历对其创业意向具有明显的促进作用,而创业竞赛的参与和获奖情况对大学生的创业意向则并未产生显著影响。个体社会网络对大学生的创业意向有着显著的正向影响。具体而言,社会网络维度中的关系强度、异质性和中心性都对大学生的创业意向产生积极影响,但网络规模会对其创业意向产生消极影响。研究结果对创业意向的提升具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。

创业类课外活动、创业心智与研究生创业意向

文章针对研究生群体,考察了创业类课外活动如何通过创业心智(成就动机、风险倾向和模糊容忍度)来影响研究生的创业意向。基于江苏某高校研究生问卷调查数据,发现创业类课外活动与研究生的创业意向呈显著正相关关系,创业心智能够有效促进研究生创业意向的提高;成就动机和模糊容忍度在创业类课外活动和研究生创业意向之间发挥一定中介作用,两者的中介效应大小没有显著差异,风险倾向在创业类课外活动与创业意向之间的中介作用不显著。最后,文章在实证研究发现的基础上,提出了改进研究生创新创业教育的建议。

创业政策认知对大学生返乡创业意愿的影响——基于双重偏好迁移背景

大学生返乡创业是缓解大学生就业难和推动乡村振兴工作的重要抓手,当前我国大学生就业岗位和就业地偏好出现双重迁移,为了深入分析这一背景下大学生创业作用机制,通过对江西地区大学生发放调查问卷,探讨创业政策认知对大学生创业意愿的影响。研究发现,当前大学生存在创业政策认知水平较低的问题,创业政策认知能够正向影响创业意愿,大学生的创业政策认知水平越高,创业意愿也会越高,并且创业激情和创业机会识别在创业政策认知和创业意愿中起着链式中介作用。此外,进一步研究发现,不同类型创业政策认知对创业意愿的影响程度存在差异,其中以信息咨询政策认知的影响最为显著。因此,加强以信息咨询为中心的创业政策宣传,提高大学生政策认知程度,有利于吸引大学生返乡创业,助力乡村振兴。

大学生留赣乡村创业意愿的组态效应研究——基于大五人格和计划行为理论的fsQCA分析

大学生留赣乡村创业既能为乡村振兴增添新力量,又能成为农村发展新动能。基于大五人格和计划行为理论综合理论框架,应用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA)探讨了大学生留赣乡村创业意愿因果复杂机制。研究结果表明:单一要素难以引致大学生留赣乡村创业高意愿程度和低意愿程度;大学生留赣乡村创业高意愿程度驱动路径有三条:“外向—宜人—创业态度—主观规范”型驱动路径、“责任心—开放—主观规范—感知行为控制”型驱动路径和“全要素高水平”型驱动路径;大学生留赣乡村创业低意愿程度阻碍路径有两条:“多要素低水平”型阻碍路径和“开放—主观规范—感知行为控制”缺失型阻碍路径。多条组态均可引致大学生留赣乡村创业高意愿程度和低意愿程度,可实现“殊途同归”。

创业教育对大学生创业绩效的影响机制研究——基于理论教育与实践教育的双重视角

现有关于创业教育的研究聚焦于对创业意愿的影响机制,缺乏对后续创业绩效的关注,尤其缺少不同创业教育类型对创业绩效的影响研究。对696份有效问卷的分析表明,创业教育可进一步细分为创业理论教育和创业实践教育,这两类教育既能直接正向影响大学生创业绩效,又能通过创业意愿和创业能力间接影响创业绩效,且创业能力的中介效应强于创业意愿。研究突破以往研究将创业教育作为一个笼统概念的局限,探索了两种创业教育影响大学生创业绩效的内在机理,发现创业意愿和创业能力是创业理论教育和创业实践教育重要的影响指标,有望为高校创业教育和大学生创业提供借鉴与启示。

认同或重塑:社会性别角色对女大学生创业意向的影响研究

女性创业对于创造新的就业机会和促进社会经济增长越来越重要,特别是女大学生作为高素质女性人才,其创业意向的提升能够有效扭转女性生存性创业的局面,推动社会创新发展。创业意向的性别差异一直存在,社会性别角色被认为是影响女性创业意向的重要因素。采用质性研究方法,以22名有创业意向的女大学生为研究对象,基于社会性别理论建构分析框架,在女性主体性视角下探究社会性别角色对创业意向的影响及其自我调适策略。研究认为:女大学生的创业意向是其主体性建构的结果,自我实现与创业结果预期的价值拟合是女大学生产生创业意向的起点;不同环境中的社会性别角色感知是女大学生产生创业意向的扰动项,女大学生通过社会性别角色的自我调适推进创业意向的建构。研究结果不仅可以丰富和拓展高等教育与女性创业的相关研究,也可以为高等教育机构和政策制定者提供一些启示和建议,以更好地支持和鼓励有创业意向女大学生群体的发展与教育。

个体-环境交互视角下大学生返乡创业意愿的激发机制——基于混合方法的研究

从个体-环境交互的视角出发,本研究采用定量分析和定性比较分析相结合的混合方法深入探讨大学生返乡创业意愿的激发机制。实证分析结果表明:由创业教育、家庭支持和政策环境组成的三维外部创业环境对大学生返乡创业意愿有显著的正向影响,创业自我效能感在此过程中发挥部分中介作用;乡土情怀不仅显著负向调节了创业自我效能感与返乡创业意愿间的关系,也显著负向调节了创业自我效能感在外部创业环境与大学生返乡创业意愿之间的中介效应。此外,基于模糊集的定性比较分析结果得出两种激发大学生返乡创业意愿的前因构型,分别是内外协同联动型和外部环境助推型。本研究为如何有效激发大学生返乡创业意愿提供了理论依据与实践参考。

空气污染影响了个体创业倾向吗?基于790份调查问卷的实证检验

空气污染不仅会对个体身心健康产生影响,而且会对创业的成本和收益产生影响,进而影响创业倾向,不过已有研究大都忽视了空气污染对创业倾向的影响。本文首先基于社会认知理论分析了空气污染对个体创业倾向的影响机理,然后基于笔者在全国范围内发放的790份调查问卷,实证检验了空气污染对个体创业倾向的影响,并且分析了个体风险偏好和社会资本所起的调节效应。本文的研究结论主要包括三点。第一,空气污染会加剧创业面临的不确定性、降低创业的预期收益、提高创业失败的概率,从而降低个体创业倾向。第二,个体风险偏好会负向调节空气污染对个体创业倾向的影响。个体越偏好风险,空气污染对其创业倾向的影响越弱。第三,个体所拥有的社会资本也会负向调节空气污染对个体创业倾向的影响。个体所拥有的社会资本越丰富,空气污染对其创业倾向的影响越弱。有鉴于此,政府部门应继续加大力度整治空气污染,多措并举减少创业者面临的不确定性,从而提高潜在创业者的创业倾向。潜在创业者应该充分了解政府部门针对创业提供的政策保障,积极参与多种多样的社会团体和创业培训教育,从而更好地应对空气污染所引发的创业风险,提高创业成功率。