Assessing edge-coupled interdependent network disintegration via rank aggregation and elite enumeration

The disintegration of networks is a widely researched topic with significant applications in fields such as counterterrorism and infectious disease control. While the traditional approaches for achieving network disintegration involve identifying critical sets of nodes or edges, limited research has been carried out on edge-based disintegration strategies. We propose a novel algorithm, i.e., a rank aggregation elite enumeration algorithm based on edge-coupled networks(RAEEC),which aims to implement tiling for edge-coupled networks by finding important sets of edges in the network while balancing effectiveness and efficiency. Our algorithm is based on a two-layer edge-coupled network model with one-to-one links, and utilizes three advanced edge importance metrics to rank the edges separately. A comprehensive ranking of edges is obtained using a rank aggregation approach proposed in this study. The top few edges from the ranking set obtained by RAEEC are then used to generate an enumeration set, which is continuously iteratively updated to identify the set of elite attack edges.We conduct extensive experiments on synthetic networks to evaluate the performance of our proposed method, and the results indicate that RAEEC achieves a satisfactory balance between efficiency and effectiveness. Our approach represents a significant contribution to the field of network disintegration, particularly for edge-based strategies.

A NEW COMPLEX SPHERE DETECTOR WITH SE ENUMERATION

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) techniques are promising in wireless communication systems for its high spectral efficiency. Sphere Detector (SD) is favoured in MIMO detection to achieve Maximum-Likelihood (ML) performance. In this paper, we proposed a new SD method for MIMO-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems based on IEEE802.11n, which uses Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) in complex domain to reduce the computation complexity. Furthermore, a new Schnorr-Euchner (SE) enumeration algorithm is also discussed in detail. The computer simulation result shows that the computational complexity and the number of visited nodes can be reduced significantly compared with conventional SD detectors with the same Bit Error Rate (BER) performance.

AN EXACT ENUMERATION STUDY ON ADSORPTION TRANSITION OF A TETHERED CHAIN AT AN ADSORBING SURFACE

The number of configurations, c（n, m）, of a single chain with length n attached to a flat surface with m monomers contacting the surface is exactly enumerated. A fimction of c（n, m） about m and n is obtained. From the function, a scaling law for mean energy of chain is derived, and we estimate the critical point εc = 0.276 and the crossover exponent φ = 0.5. The free energy difference between tethered chain and free chain in dilute solution is also studied, which shows the critical adsorption point is about 0.272 for infinite long chain with φ= 0.5.

Machine learning for enumeration of cell colony forming units

As one of the most widely used assays in biological research,an enumeration of the bacterial cell colonies is an important but time-consuming and labor-intensive process.To speed up the colony counting,a machine learning method is presented for counting the colony forming units(CFUs),which is referred to as CFUCounter.This cellcounting program processes digital images and segments bacterial colonies.The algorithm combines unsupervised machine learning,iterative adaptive thresholding,and local-minima-based watershed segmentation to enable an accurate and robust cell counting.Compared to a manual counting method,CFUCounter supports color-based CFU classification,allows plates containing heterologous colonies to be counted individually,and demonstrates overall performance(slope 0.996,SD 0.013,95%CI:0.97–1.02,p value<1e-11,r=0.999)indistinguishable from the gold standard of point-and-click counting.This CFUCounter application is open-source and easy to use as a unique addition to the arsenal of colony-counting tools.

Detection of dengue NS1 antigen,alongside IgM plus IgG and concurrent platelet enumeration during an outbreak

During the late incubation period or initial phase of dengue virus infection,laboratory confirmation is through viral isolation in cell culture and/or molecular investigations, or immunofluorescence,or immunohistochemistry[1].The dengue virus non-structural antigen NSl that would develop before the appearance of dengue IgM and/or IgG is emerging as a suitable option for dengue diagnosis[2].Platelet therapy is a standard clinical practice for dengue patients with severe thrombocytopenia[3].However,during introductory screening,platelet count is not being done in many cases. This results in delays of platelet therapy. In the course of the current(2010) spurt of dengue in New Delhi[4],simultaneous screening for NSl,IgM and IgG and platelet enumeration has been introduced at the

ENUMERATION OF ISOMERS OF SUBSTITUTED CROWN ETHERS

The graphtheory method is used to enumerate the numbers of constitutions, configurations,chiral and achiral configurations of substituted crown ethers.The numerical results are tabulated.

Comparison of procedure for fecal colif orm enumeration in coastal waters

INTRODUCTION Fecal coliform has been used as an indicator of water pollution for about a century. Recently, Standrige et al (1981), Reasoner et al (1979) and Pagel et al. (1982) improved, with good results, the bioassy methods for fecal coliform in drinking water and waste water. To provide a method appli-

Enumeration of Stereoisomers of Chiral and Achiral Derivatives of Monocyclic Cycloalkanes Having Heteromorphous Alkyl Substituents with Distinct Length <i>k</i>

A combinatorial method based on the determination of the averaged weight of permutations controlling the chirality/achirality fittingness of 2n substitution sites of the monocyclic cycloalkane allows to obtain generalized functional equations for direct enumeration of enantiomers pairs and achiral skeletons of any derivatives of monocyclic cycloalkanes having heteromorphic alkyl substituents with the distinct length k with the empirical formula , wherein at least two alkyl groups??of the distinct size ?each. ?is the number of alkyl radicals ?of the system??verifying the relation . The integer sequences of enantiomer pairs and achiral skeletons are given for substituted derivatives of monocyclic cycloalkane for n = 3, 4 and k = 3, 4, 5. The composite stereoisomerism of this particular compound is also highlighted.

Enumeration,Genetic Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus Isolates from Retail Yoghurt in Beijing,China

Lactic acid bacteria （LAB） are widely used in food industries. Correct identification and safety evaluation of these bacteria at the species even strain level should take considerations into account. In this study, the LAB were recovered from yoghurt and characterized phenotypically and genetically. Fifty-two isolates of LAB from 31 yoghurt samples were cultured and grouped into 6 species including Luctobucillus bulguricus （24 isolates）, Streptococcus thermophilus （15 isolates）, L. ucidophilus （7 isolates）, L. porucusei/cusei （3 isolates）, L. delbrueckii （2 isolates）, and L. fermentum （1 isolate）, based on their Gram-staining, colony morphology and biochemical properties.

On the Pólya Enumeration Theorem

Simple formulas for the number of different cyclic and dihedral necklaces containing nj beads of the j-th color, and , are derived, using the Pólya enumeration theorem.

Combinatorial Interpretation of Raney Numbers and Tree Enumerations

A new combinatorial interpretation of Raney numbers is proposed. We apply this combinatorial interpretation to solve several tree enumeration counting problems. Further a generalized Catalan triangle is introduced and some of its properties are proved.

Chromatic Enumeration for Singular Maps on the Klein Bottle

A map is singular if each edge is on the same face on a surface (i.e., it has only one face on a surface). In this paper we present the chromatic enumeration for rooted singular maps on the Klein bottle.

ON THE CONSTRUCTION AND ENUMERATION OF HAMILTONIAN GRAPHS

In this paper we give a formula for enumerating the equivalent classes of orderly labeled Hamiltonian graphs under group D. and two algorithms for constructing these equivalent classes and all nonisomorphic Hamiltonian graphs. Some computational results obtained by microcomputers are listed.

Source enumeration method by combining diagonal loading and constructing second-order statistics

A source enumeration method based on diagonal loading of eigenvalues and constructing second-order statistics is proposed,for the case that the antenna array observed signals are overlapped with spatial colored noise,and the number of antennas compared with the number of snapshots meet the requirement of general asymptotic regime.Firstly,the sample covariance matrix of the observed signals is obtained,the eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix can be acquired by eigenvalue decomposition,and the eigenvalues are diagonally loaded,and a new formula for calculating the diagonal loading is presented.Based on the diagonal loaded eigenvalues,the difference values are calculated for the adjacent eigenvalues after diagonal loading,and the statistical variance of the difference values is calculated.On this basis,the second-order statistics of the difference values are constructed,and when the second-order statistics are minimized,the corresponding number of sources is estimated.The proposed method has wide applicability,which is suitable for both general asymptotic regime and classical asymptotic system,and is suitable for both white Gaussian noise environment and colored noise environment.The method makes up for the lack of source enumeration methods in the case of general asymptotic system and colored noise.

A Modified Impact-increment-based State Enumeration Method and Its Application in Power Distribution Systems

Reliable planning and operation of power distribution systems are of great significance. In this paper, the impactincrement based state enumeration(IIBSE) method is modified to adapt to the features of distribution systems. With the proposed method, the expectation, probabilistic, and duration reliability indices can be accurately obtained with a lower enumerated order of contingency states. In addition, the time-consuming optimal power flow(OPF) calculation can be replaced by a simple matrix operation for both independent and radial series failure states. Therefore, the accuracy and efficiency of the assessment process are improved comprehensively. The case of RBTS bus 6 system and IEEE 123 node test feeder system are utilized to test the performance of the modified IIBSE. The results show the superiority of the proposed method over Monte Carlo(MC) sampling and state enumeration(SE) methods in distribution systems.

Effect of Ozone Treatment on Microbiological Properties of Stored Wheat

In this study, ozone gas was applied to samples of durum wheat stored in four experimental groups (durum wheat without any treatment for comparison, durum wheat treated with ozone, purified durum wheat, and purified durum wheat treated with ozone). Two groups were treated with ozone gas at 3 ppm concentration for 1 hour. Groups were then placed in air-tight glass jars and stored for 6 months at variable temperatures between 24.7°C to 34.8°C. Microbiological (total count bacteria, yeast/molds and coliform) and physical properties (moisture, color and ash) evaluated. Ozone application statistically caused a significant reduction in the numbers of bacteria, yeast, molds and coliforms. Ozone application, washing process and storage temperature are the major factors affecting the microbial counts. No significant differences were determined in moisture and ash contents of samples after ozone treatment. The color measurement results showed that color values of wheat samples were affected by ozone treatment, storage and washing.

Asymptotic enumeration theorems for the numbers of spanning trees and Eulerian trails in circulant digraphs and graphs

The asymptotic properties of the numbers of spanning trees and Eulerian trails in circulant digraphs and graphs are studied. Let C（p, s1, s2,…, sk） be a directed cireulant graph. Let T（C（p, s1, s2, …, sk）） and E（C（p, s1, s2, …, sk）） be the numbers of spanning trees and of Eulerian trails, respectively. Then lim （1/k）(T（C（p, s1, S2, …, sk））1/p)=1, p→∞ lim （1/k!）(E（C（p, s1, s2, …, sk））1/p)=1,Furthermore, their line digraph and iterations are dealt with and similar results are obtained for undirected circulant graphs.

Weak invertibility of linear finite automata (I)——Classification and enumeration of transfer functions

Let 3V denote the set of all possible transfer function matrices of weakly invertible linear finite automata over a given finite field F. A classification and an enumeration on the infinite set are given.

Classification and Enumeration of Matched Free Response Matrices of Linear Finite Automata

If H and G are the transfer function matrix and the free response matrix of a linear finite automaton,then G is called a free response matrix matched to H.Given H,let(H)be the set of all possible free response matrices matched to H.A classification and an enumeration on the set(H)are given in this paper.

ON CHROMATIC ENUMERATION FOR ROOTED OUTERPLANAR MAPS

On chromatic enumeration, the first paper which is for rooted planar triangulations was published in 1973. Ten years later, the author generalized the theory into that for rooted nonseparable maps. Very recently, the author also found a