Reflections on the Green Economy(Redemption of the Principles of Mill and Pigou):A View of a Brazilian Environmentalist

The current context of global efforts in the pursuit of sustainable development can be characterized by the perception of the scientific-technological losses of ecosystems and ecosystem services and their consequences for the survival of humanity in the face of threats of imbalances in the basic conditions for survival such as food production, the environmental quality, natural control of pests and diseases, loses of biodiversity and climate changes. Some recent initiatives at global, regional and local level are pointed and some conceptual trends and deployment strategies advance towards the consolidation of the principles of sustainable development, despite several difficulties for effectively reaching its goals. The trend of gradual changes in the models of developing nations and in the patterns of production and consumption is portrayed objectively, seeking to correlate with principles of environmental economics and green economy, since Cecil Pigou and Stuart Mill principles to recent researches as Kenneth Boulding, Herman Daly, Nicholas Georgescu-Rogen, Franz Capra, Ignacy Sachs, Edgar Morin, beyond others. The ability of the United Nations and governments to intervene in neoliberal logic aiming wider benefit to society and the reduction of the negative effects of market distortions, as striking on the global stage, represents a true redemption of the principles advocated by Cecil Pigou, at the beginning of the last century, both for the global economy and for their effects on environmental and social conflicts, social exclusion resulting from the current economic systems which are not necessary new strategies, principles, or economic formulas, but decision making to tackle the market with seriousness to promote equity, social justice and environmental sustainability, without sacrificing progress and development, as evident in the current discussion of social inclusion and the convergence of individual and collective interests, so far in the development model based on increasing production and consumption, yet with little environmental responsibility.

The Impact of Human Activities on the Environment, Case of Mhondongori in Zvishavane, Zimbabwe

This study was proposed to explore the impact of human activities on the environment in Mhondongori. In this community, there are natural resources that include minerals, natural forest, wetlands, rivers and beautiful mountains. However, over the past two decades, the environmental quality of the community has deteriorated demonstrating irresponsible use of natural resources by humans. Indeed, if such poor natural resource management continues at the current rate, this would ultimately lead to extinction. Qualitative research design and convenience sampling methods were used. The study involved six participants who provided the data. An interview guide and observation techniques were used to collect data. Using content analysis data was classified into themes and a scorecard was used to determine the human activities on the environment and their impact. The results revealed that in Mhondongori, human activities that affected the environment were mining, veld fire, cutting down trees, overgrazing, excessive communal hunting and fishing, littering, water and air pollution. The impacts were the degradation of land, permanent scars on the landscape, deforestation, destruction of wildlife habitats, disappearance of wetlands, destruction of trees, grass, seed bank and seedlings, pollution of streets, bushes and rivers, disruption of migration and hibernation of animals. To conserve the environment, it was recommended that community leadership must develop appropriate environmental management strategies to mitigate these unfavourable impacts and that the state must empower Mhondongori leadership through reasonable legislative and other measures that would prevent environmental degradation.