Daptomycin induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare and potentially life threatening condition characterized by rapid respiratory failure, pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia. Risk factors for acute eosinophi...Daptomycin induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare and potentially life threatening condition characterized by rapid respiratory failure, pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia. Risk factors for acute eosinophilic pneumonia include smoking, environmental irritants or inhalants and certain medications such as Daptomycin [1]. In this review of literature, we aim to explore the potential triggers for developing acute eosinophilic pneumonia in patients exposed to Daptomycin. The exact immune mechanism for daptomycin induced AEP is unknown, however the current proposed mechanism describes a T helper 2 lymphocyte response to inactivated daptomycin in the pulmonary surfactant, which leads to eosinophilia. Disordered T regulatory cell function is seen in patients with certain cancers, allergies and autoimmune conditions. We propose that patients with these underlying risk factors may be at increased risk of developing AEP after becoming exposed to Daptomycin. Understanding potential risk factors is crucial for health care workers as it allows them to identify susceptible populations, explore preventative measures and treat accordingly.展开更多
To explore the possibility of hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) as a messenger molecule in cardiovascular system, the authors discovered that H 2S (5×10 -5 -5×10 -4 mol·L -1 )exerted an effect on inhibiting endot...To explore the possibility of hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) as a messenger molecule in cardiovascular system, the authors discovered that H 2S (5×10 -5 -5×10 -4 mol·L -1 )exerted an effect on inhibiting endothelin 1 induced proliferation of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of rats in vitro . The 3H TdR incorporation decreased by 16.8%～37.4% in H 2S treated VSMCs as compared with the controls ( P <0.01). The inhibitory effect was found to be associated with reduced activity of MAPK. The authors also observed that endogenous H 2S levels markedly increased in vessels of rats with either endotoxic shock or septic shock [H 2S level (pmol·min -1 ·mg -1 ):tail artery (16.18±2.06) vs (8.12±0.55);mesenteric artery (10.17±1.11) vs (6.19 ±0.55);pulmonary artery(11.38±1.24) vs (5.27±0.51); aorta(6.21±0.48) vs (4.10± 0.28), P < 0.01 ]. The above findings suggested that H 2S might play an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular pathophysiologic events.展开更多
目的:了解3个不同产地、2个不同批次的红藤饮片6种次生代谢产物含量、抑菌活性及两者的相关性。方法:利用分光光度法对红藤饮片提取物的6种次生代谢产物含量进行分析,以金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌为实验菌株,用纸片琼脂扩散法测定抑...目的:了解3个不同产地、2个不同批次的红藤饮片6种次生代谢产物含量、抑菌活性及两者的相关性。方法:利用分光光度法对红藤饮片提取物的6种次生代谢产物含量进行分析,以金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌为实验菌株,用纸片琼脂扩散法测定抑菌圈大小;以平板二倍稀释法统计最小抑菌浓度(M IC);以试管二倍稀释法统计最小杀菌浓度(M BC)。结果:红藤药液对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性以安徽产地第一批次最高,抑菌圈大小、M IC、M BC分别为(9.67±0.29)mm、12.5 m g/m l、31.25 m g/m l和(10.17±0.58)mm、12.5 m g/m l、31.25 m g/m l,江苏产地第二批次最低,抑菌圈大小、M IC、M BC分别为(7.67±0.29)mm、25 m g/m l、125 m g/m l和(8.17±0.29)mm、25 m g/m l、125 m g/m l。红藤饮片提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性在不同产地和不同批次之间均有显著性差异(P<0.01);对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性在不同产地亦有显著性差异(P<0.01),但不同批次之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。红藤药液的6种次生代谢产物总量以安徽产地第一批次最高(3.61%),江苏产地第二批次最低(1.90%)。红藤提取物的总生物碱和游离蒽醌在不同产地之间有显著性差异(P<0.01),而在不同批次之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);总绿原酸、黄酮类化合物、总鞣质和总皂苷在不同产地和不同批次之间均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。影响红藤饮片对2种细菌的抑菌活性的主要次生代谢产物可能为总皂甙、总鞣质、游离蒽醌及总绿原酸。结论:不同红藤饮片的次代谢产物的含量及抑菌活性以安徽和浙江产地较高,江苏产地较低;红藤的抑菌活性与饮片中总皂甙、总鞣质、游离蒽醌及总绿原酸的含量密切相关。展开更多
文摘Daptomycin induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare and potentially life threatening condition characterized by rapid respiratory failure, pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia. Risk factors for acute eosinophilic pneumonia include smoking, environmental irritants or inhalants and certain medications such as Daptomycin [1]. In this review of literature, we aim to explore the potential triggers for developing acute eosinophilic pneumonia in patients exposed to Daptomycin. The exact immune mechanism for daptomycin induced AEP is unknown, however the current proposed mechanism describes a T helper 2 lymphocyte response to inactivated daptomycin in the pulmonary surfactant, which leads to eosinophilia. Disordered T regulatory cell function is seen in patients with certain cancers, allergies and autoimmune conditions. We propose that patients with these underlying risk factors may be at increased risk of developing AEP after becoming exposed to Daptomycin. Understanding potential risk factors is crucial for health care workers as it allows them to identify susceptible populations, explore preventative measures and treat accordingly.
文摘To explore the possibility of hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) as a messenger molecule in cardiovascular system, the authors discovered that H 2S (5×10 -5 -5×10 -4 mol·L -1 )exerted an effect on inhibiting endothelin 1 induced proliferation of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of rats in vitro . The 3H TdR incorporation decreased by 16.8%～37.4% in H 2S treated VSMCs as compared with the controls ( P <0.01). The inhibitory effect was found to be associated with reduced activity of MAPK. The authors also observed that endogenous H 2S levels markedly increased in vessels of rats with either endotoxic shock or septic shock [H 2S level (pmol·min -1 ·mg -1 ):tail artery (16.18±2.06) vs (8.12±0.55);mesenteric artery (10.17±1.11) vs (6.19 ±0.55);pulmonary artery(11.38±1.24) vs (5.27±0.51); aorta(6.21±0.48) vs (4.10± 0.28), P < 0.01 ]. The above findings suggested that H 2S might play an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular pathophysiologic events.
文摘目的:了解3个不同产地、2个不同批次的红藤饮片6种次生代谢产物含量、抑菌活性及两者的相关性。方法:利用分光光度法对红藤饮片提取物的6种次生代谢产物含量进行分析,以金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌为实验菌株,用纸片琼脂扩散法测定抑菌圈大小;以平板二倍稀释法统计最小抑菌浓度(M IC);以试管二倍稀释法统计最小杀菌浓度(M BC)。结果:红藤药液对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性以安徽产地第一批次最高,抑菌圈大小、M IC、M BC分别为(9.67±0.29)mm、12.5 m g/m l、31.25 m g/m l和(10.17±0.58)mm、12.5 m g/m l、31.25 m g/m l,江苏产地第二批次最低,抑菌圈大小、M IC、M BC分别为(7.67±0.29)mm、25 m g/m l、125 m g/m l和(8.17±0.29)mm、25 m g/m l、125 m g/m l。红藤饮片提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性在不同产地和不同批次之间均有显著性差异(P<0.01);对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性在不同产地亦有显著性差异(P<0.01),但不同批次之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。红藤药液的6种次生代谢产物总量以安徽产地第一批次最高(3.61%),江苏产地第二批次最低(1.90%)。红藤提取物的总生物碱和游离蒽醌在不同产地之间有显著性差异(P<0.01),而在不同批次之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);总绿原酸、黄酮类化合物、总鞣质和总皂苷在不同产地和不同批次之间均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。影响红藤饮片对2种细菌的抑菌活性的主要次生代谢产物可能为总皂甙、总鞣质、游离蒽醌及总绿原酸。结论:不同红藤饮片的次代谢产物的含量及抑菌活性以安徽和浙江产地较高,江苏产地较低;红藤的抑菌活性与饮片中总皂甙、总鞣质、游离蒽醌及总绿原酸的含量密切相关。
