Effect of epidural block combined intravenous general anesthesia stress on the stress response and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with breast cancer undergoing radical mastectomy

Objective: To investigate the effect of epidural block combined with intravenous anesthesia on stress response and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with breast cancer undergoing radical mastectomy. Methods: In our hospital from July 2016 to June 2017 undergoing radical mastectomy for breast cancer of 88 patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group of 44 cases, 2 patients underwent routine preoperative preparation, and routine blood pressure, heart rate, pulse, oxygen saturation, ECG monitoring, control group with intravenous anesthesia. The observation group was treated with epidural block combined with intravenous anesthesia. 2 groups of patients before anesthesia, 30 MIM (T0), 1 h after skin incision (T1), 4 h after operation (T2), 24 h after operation (T3), 48 h after operation (T4) from peripheral venous blood were measured by interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ), cortisol (Cor), prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH) and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), the calculation of CD4+/CD8+ value. Results: the serum IL-8 level of T1, T2, T3and T4 decreased gradually, were lower than at T0, and the control group at each time point had no significant difference, T1, T2, T3group, T4IL-8 levels lower than the control group;the 2 groups of serum IFN-γ levels T1 and T2had no significant change, T3and T4increased gradually, was higher than that of T0, but no significant difference between the 2 groups of IFN-γ levels. 2 serum Cor levels peaked at T1, decreased at T2, was higher than that of T0, T3, T4returned to T0, the observation group T1, T2Cor level lower than the control group;the serum PRL levels of 2 groups reached a peak at T1, T2, T3at the time of T4decreased gradually, was higher than that of T0, T1, T2, T3of the observation group at the PRL level is lower than the control group;the serum level of GH 2 in group T1increased gradually, reached a peak at T2, T3and T4 decreased gradually, was higher than that of T0, the observation group T1, T2, T3, T4, GH levels lower than the control group. 2 groups of CD3+ decreased gradually in T1, T2, were lower than T0, T3, T4returned to T0, the observation group T1, T2CD3+ was higher than the control group;group CD4+ decreased gradually in T1, T2, T3and T4were lower than control, T0when, and the observation group CD4+ in T1, T2, T3, T4, no significant changes were observed in group T1, T2, T3, T4and CD4+ higher than that of the control group;the 2 group CD8+ had no obvious changes in T1, T2, T3, T4;observation group CD4+/CD8+ decreased gradually in T1, T2, were lower than T0, T3, T4returned to T0, the observation group T1, T2CD4+/CD8+ was higher than the control group. Conclusion: epidural block combined with intravenous anesthesia for breast cancer radical mastectomy can effectively relieve the stress and inflammatory reaction, alleviate the immunosuppression, and help to restore the postoperative immune function.

Effects of Total Intravenous Anesthesia and Static Aspiration Combined General Anesthesia on Postoperative Cognitive Function and Psychological State of Elderly Patients with Esophageal Cancer

Objective: To compare the effects of total intravenous anesthesia and static aspiration combined general anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function and psychological state of elderly esophageal cancer patients. Methods: From July 2020 to April 2021, 180 elderly patients who underwent radical esophageal cancer surgery in our hospital were randomly divided into 90 cases in the control group and 90 in the observation group. The control group used static aspiration compound general anesthesia, and the patients in the observation group used intravenous anesthesia to compare the cognitive function and psychological state of the two groups of patients. Results: There was no statistical difference in the cognitive function score of patients in the observation group 30 minutes before anesthesia, 1 h and 24 hours after anesthesia compared with that in the control group, P > 0.05;there was no statistical difference between the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scores 30 minutes before and 24 hours after anesthesia in the observation group compared with the control group, P > 0.05;the cognitive function score of patients in the observation group of 4 h after surgery and 12 h after operation was significantly higher than that of the control group;the HAMA scores of patients in the observation group of 1 h, 4 h and 12 h after surgery were significantly lower than that of the control group, P Conclusion: The application of total intravenous anesthesia in elderly patients with esophageal cancer surgery can reduce the impact of anesthesia on their cognitive function and psychological state, which is worth popularizing and applying in clinical practice.

Postoperative Analgesia and Cesarean Section under General Anesthesia: Multicenter Study

Background: Neuraxial anesthesia with intrathecal morphine is the reference technique in cesarean section anesthesia for the management of postoperative analgesia. If there is a contraindication to this, general anesthesia is required. The objective of the study was to evaluate the analgesic effectiveness of 4 analgesic techniques performed during cesarean section under general anesthesia in two centers with different anesthetic practices (North Franche Comté Hospital and Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Training Hospital). Method: This is a retrospective and descriptive study over 2 years, from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. It involved evaluating the analgesic effectiveness and tolerance of morphine in the epidural catheter, wound infiltration, intravenous analgesia and Transversus Abdominous Plane block (TAP block) from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) until the 4th post-operative day. Results: Of the 354 cesarean sections performed, 84 (11.14%) received general anesthesia. The average age was 32.27 years. Acute fetal distress was the first indication for cesarean section (45.2%), followed by hemorrhagic placenta previa (10.7%) and prolapse of the cord (8.33%). Morphine in the epidural catheter was the most used (47.6%) followed by parietal infiltration (36.9%), intravenous analgesia (13.1%) and TAP block (2.38%). The analgesic effectiveness was comparable between the techniques from postoperative day 0 to day 4. No difference in side effects. Postoperative morphine consumption was significantly reduced (p = 0.011) in the infiltration (9 mg) and TAP block (9mg) groups compared to the epidural catheter (16 mg) and intravenous analgesia (17 mg). No difference in 02 rehabilitation criteria (ambulation, first bowel movement). No difference in the occurrence of chronic pain. Conclusion: In the event of a cesarean section under general anesthesia, there are effective and well-tolerated alternatives to neuraxial anesthesia, particularly regional anesthesia techniques (nerve blocks), particularly in countries with low availability of morphine.

神经刺激仪引导下腰丛联合骶丛神经阻滞麻醉在股骨颈骨折患者中的应用

目的:探讨在股骨颈骨折患者中应用神经刺激仪引导下腰丛联合骶丛神经阻滞麻醉的效果。方法:选取2020年1月—2023年6月桂林市中医医院收治的98例股骨颈骨折患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法将其分为对照组和研究组,各49例。对照组采用传统的腰硬联合麻醉,研究组采用神经刺激仪引导下腰丛联合骶丛神经阻滞麻醉。比较两组麻醉效果、平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、皮质醇(Cor)和儿茶氨酚(CA)及不良反应。结果:两组麻醉效果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组麻醉后15 min(T_(2))、麻醉后30 min(T_(3))时MAP高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组麻醉后5 min(T_(1))、T_(2)、T_(3)、手术结束后(T_(4))时HR高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组术中(Tb)时CA、Cor低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:股骨颈骨折患者应用神经刺激仪引导下腰丛联合骶丛神经阻滞麻醉能稳定血流动力学,缓解应激反应,具有良好的麻醉效果和较高的安全性。

股神经阻滞联合关节腔浸润麻醉在膝关节镜手术中的应用效果

目的评价股神经阻滞联合关节腔浸润麻醉在膝关节镜手术中的安全性和有效性。方法选择滨州医学院附属医院骨关节外科2022年1月至6月因半月板损伤、游离体、骨性关节炎计划行单侧膝关节镜手术患者120例,随机分为股神经阻滞联合关节腔浸润麻醉组(F/I组)和腰硬联合麻醉组(CSEA组),每组60例。F/I组中男32例,女28例,年龄(38.75±11.35)岁;CSEA组中男25例,女35例,年龄(37.80±10.85)岁。比较两组术中补救例数、术后视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、术后感觉恢复时间及首次下地活动时间、术后并发症、住院花费及住院天数等指标的差异。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验、Fisher确切概率法。结果F/I组术后6 h VAS评分低于CSEA组[(2.08±0.61)分比(2.54±0.64)分],差异有统计学意义(t=-2.484,P=0.018)。F/I组感觉恢复时间长于CSEA组[(6.25±0.40)h比(3.60±0.31)h,首次下地活动时间短于CESA组[(2.99±1.05)h比(8.14±1.88)h],差异均有统计学意义(t=14.095、-12.263,均P<0.001)。术后并发症:F/I组术中加用麻醉发生率3.3%(2/60)、尿潴留发生率0、下肢静脉血栓发生率1.7%(1/60)、恶心呕吐发生率3.3%(2/60),CSEA组术中加用麻醉发生率0、尿潴留发生率10.0%(6/60)、下肢静脉血栓发生率5.0%(3/60)、恶心呕吐发生率16.7%(10/60),两组尿潴留、恶心呕吐发生率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。F/I组住院时间为(3.90±0.63)d、住院费用为(9612.67±507.15)元,CESA组分别为(5.27±0.75)d、(11401.52±530.01)元,差异均有统计学意义(t=-8.862、-15.425,均P<0.001)。结论股神经阻滞联合关节腔浸润麻醉在膝关节镜手术中能够减少术后并发症、缩短住院时间、降低住院费用,并提供良好的麻醉效果。

小剂量轻比重腰-硬联合麻醉和股神经及坐骨神经阻滞麻醉在老年创伤性下肢骨折患者内固定术中的应用对比

目的探究小剂量轻比重腰-硬联合麻醉和股神经及坐骨神经阻滞麻醉在老年创伤性下肢骨折(TLEF)患者内固定术中的应用效果。方法随机选取南阳市中心医院在2020年5月至2022年5月收治的80例老年TLEF患者作为本次研究对象,用随机数字法将其分为对照组(40例)和研究组(40例)。两组患者均行内固定术治疗,对照组术中行小剂量轻比重腰-硬联合麻醉;研究组术中行股神经及坐骨神经阻滞麻醉。比较两组麻醉效果、生命体征变化、凝血功能、术后不良反应、术后恢复情况。结果两组麻醉起效时间、完全麻醉时间、感觉神经完全麻醉时间、运动神经完全麻醉时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。麻醉后,两组心率(HR)和平均动脉压(MAP)水平均低于麻醉前(P<0.05),两组麻醉后HR和MPA水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后,两组凝血酶时间(TT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)水平均高于术前,研究组高于对照组(P<0.05),两组纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平低于术前,研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后不良反应差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组术后苏醒时间、拔管时间、下肢运动恢复时间及排尿恢复时间均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论老年TLEF患者内固定术中接受小剂量轻比重腰-硬联合麻醉和股神经及坐骨神经阻滞麻醉均有较好麻醉效果,但股神经及坐骨神经阻滞麻醉可明显减轻血液高凝状态,减少麻醉不良反应,有效促进患者术后恢复。

分析星状神经节阻滞对老年髋关节置换术患者术后睡眠及谵妄的影响

目的:研究星状神经节阻滞(SGB)对老年髋关节置换术(THA)患者术后睡眠及谵妄的影响。方法:选取2020年1月至2023年3月福建省泉州市惠安县医院内行髋关节置换术的老年患者84例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组42例,2组均行腰硬联合阻滞麻醉,观察组同时行右侧星状神经节阻滞治疗。比较2组患者的术中情况,记录2组手术时间、术中出血量、术中输液量,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)比较2组患者干预前后睡眠质量的变化,采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)比较2组患者干预前后的疼痛感受,并比较2组患者术后睡眠障碍(POSD)及术后谵妄(POD)的发生率。结果:观察组术后当天、术后第1天的PSQI得分显著低于对照组,观察组在术后当天、术后第1天的POSD发生率和POD发生率均显著低于对照组,观察组在术后当天、术后第1天的VAS评分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:SGB在老年THA中的应用效果显著,可有效改善患者睡眠质量,对降低POSD、POD发生率有积极作用,并减轻了术后疼痛,有利于加快康复进程,值得推广应用。

星状神经节阻滞对胃癌手术患者术后胃肠功能恢复及炎症应激反应的影响

目的探究星状神经节阻滞对胃癌手术患者术后胃肠功能恢复及炎症应激反应的影响。方法前瞻性纳入2020年1月至2022年1月在南阳市肿瘤医院拟接受腹腔镜下胃癌根治术治疗的103例胃癌患者作为研究对象,采用信封法分为对照组(n=51)和研究组(n=52)。对照组患者行全麻复合硬膜外麻醉(CEGA),研究组患者行星状神经节阻滞联合CEGA麻醉。比较两组患者麻醉前后不同时间点的血流动力学变化、视觉模拟评分(VAS)以及手术前后不同时间的炎症因子和应激反应水平,同时比较两组患者的胃肠功能恢复情况和术后并发症发生情况。结果入室时两组患者的收缩压、舒张压及心率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与入室时比较,两组患者插管后、切皮后、手术开始1 h时的收缩压、舒张压及心率均降低,且研究组的收缩压、舒张压和心率明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后2 h、24 h、48 h时,两组患者的VAS评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者术前的超敏C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素8(IL-8)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与术前比较,两组患者术后的上述各指标水平均降低,且研究组术后的CRP、TNF-α、IL-8、IL-6水平明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。切皮1 h时,两组患者的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、皮质醇(Cortisol)、血清丙二醇(PG)水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与切皮1 h时相比较,术毕两组患者的SOD、Cortisol、PG水平均升高,且研究组术毕的上述各指标明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后研究组患者的进食时间、排气时间及肠鸣音恢复时间分别为(33.12±5.79)h、(30.56±4.49)h、(23.64±6.11)h,明显短于对照组的(53.16±6.78)h、(52.11±6.12)h、(31.08±5.97)h,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后两组患者的恶心、呕吐、头晕、下肢麻木、瘙痒、低血压发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论星状神经节阻滞对腹腔镜下胃癌根治术患者具有较好的麻醉效果,其可有效降低炎症应激反应,加速胃肠功能的恢复,并且不会明显增加并发症发生率。

右美托咪定静脉泵注在腰-硬联合麻醉剖宫产手术中的应用探讨

目的分析右美托咪定静脉泵注在腰-硬联合麻醉剖宫产手术中的应用价值,旨在为相关研究工作提供参考依据。方法选择接受腰-硬联合麻醉下剖宫产手术的产妇72例为研究样本,结合产妇术中是否应用右美托咪定分为新式组(36例)、传统组(36例)。传统组产妇术中不应用镇静镇痛药物,新式组产妇术中应用右美托咪定。对比两组产妇各阶段[麻醉前(T0)、麻醉药注射完毕后10 min(T1)、麻醉药注射完毕后30 min(T2)]心率、平均动脉压(MAP)水平,麻醉镇痛效果,新生儿Apgar评分。结果T0时,两组产妇MAP以及心率对比无明显差异(P>0.05);T1和T2时,传统组的MAP和心率较T0时显著上升(P<0.05);新式组T1以及T2时的MAP和心率比T0时有波动,但无明显差异(P>0.05)。和传统组相比,新式组T1以及T2时的MAP以及心率更低(P<0.05)。新式组麻醉镇痛总有效率为100.00%,比传统组的88.89%高(P<0.05)。新式组新生儿出生后1、5、10 min的Apgar评分分别为(9.55±0.66)、(9.77±0.18)、(9.98±0.03)分,传统组分别为(8.36±0.72)、(8.88±0.42)、(9.18±0.29)分。两组新生儿出生后1、5、10 min的Apgar评分对比,新式组高于传统组(P<0.05)。结论对于接受腰-硬联合麻醉剖宫产手术的产妇而言,术中为其应用右美托咪定能取得满意的镇痛效果,且该用药方案对于产妇的MAP、心率影响较小,有助于改善产妇的围术期舒适度,并且对于新生儿不存在显著影响,安全性强,值得进一步在产科临床内推广和应用。

腰硬联合麻醉加腰方肌阻滞在腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术中的临床应用

目的研究腰硬联合麻醉加腰方肌阻滞在腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术中的临床应用效果。方法70例接受无张力疝修补手术治疗的腹股沟疝患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为传统组以及新式组,各35例。传统组患者接受腰硬联合麻醉,新式组接受腰硬联合麻醉加腰方肌阻滞。比较两组手术相关情况、疼痛情况、心率及平均动脉压、不良事件发生情况。结果新式组患者的麻醉起效时间、手术时间、术后下地活动时间以及住院时间分别为(4.03±1.57)min、(44.05±10.05)min、(3.81±1.17)h、(3.35±1.33)d,均显著短于传统组的(6.14±2.70)min、(59.03±13.18)min、(5.77±1.44)h、(4.72±1.71)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后30 min,新式组患者的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分(2.35±0.73)分显著低于传统组的(3.06±0.67)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。麻醉后15、30 min,新式组患者的心率及平均动脉压均显著低于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。新式组术后不良事件发生率为2.86%,传统组为20.00%;新式组患者术后不良反应发生率显著低于传统组(P<0.05)。结论相对于传统的腰硬联合麻醉,腰硬联合麻醉加腰方肌阻滞的方式镇痛效果更好、安全性更高、术后恢复效果更佳,值得在临床上推广使用。

不同浓度罗哌卡因腰硬联合麻醉在老年髋关节置换术中的应用效果及术后谵妄发生情况

目的探讨不同浓度罗哌卡因腰硬联合麻醉在老年髋关节置换术中的应用效果,并分析术后谵妄的发生情况。方法选取2022年1—12月在鹤壁煤业(集团)有限责任公司总医院102例行单侧腰硬膜联合的髋关节置换术老年患者,随机分为3组,观察A组、观察B组和观察C组,各34例,分别给予2.5、5.0、7.5 g·L^(-1)的盐酸罗哌卡因麻醉,比较各组手术时间及麻醉效果,麻醉前(T_(0))、麻醉15 min后(T_(1))、麻醉30 min后(T_(2))及手术结束时(T_(3))心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP),术前、术后1 h、术后6 h、术后24 h、术后72 h的谵妄量表分析系统(CAM-CR)评分,以及不良反应发生情况。结果3组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组感觉阻滞起效时间、运动阻滞起效时间比较:观察A组>观察B组>观察C组(P<0.05)。3组感觉阻滞恢复时间、运动阻滞恢复时间比较:观察A组<观察B组<观察C组(P<0.05)。在T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时点,两组HR、MAP较T_(0)时点均降低(P<0.05)。3组HR、MAP比较:观察A组>观察B组>观察C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1、6 h观察A组、观察B组CAM-CR评分较术前均升高(P<0.05),术后1、6、24 h观察C组CAM-CR评分较术前均升高(P<0.05),术后1、6、24 h观察A组、观察B组CAM-CR评分低于观察C组(P<0.05),术后72 h 3组CAM-CR评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论2.5 g·L^(-1)的罗哌卡因腰硬联合麻醉应用在老年髋关节置换术中,感觉和运动阻滞起效快,更有利于稳定生命体征,术后谵妄程度轻,且安全性高。

右美托咪定静脉泵注在腰-硬联合麻醉剖宫产手术中对产妇止痛效果的影响

目的分析并探究剖宫产手术中采用右美托咪定静脉泵注腰-硬联合麻醉后产妇的止痛效果。方法选择2021年2月至2023年2月进行剖宫产的98例产妇作为研究对象,对其随机分组后,参照组采用生理盐水与罗哌卡因进行麻醉,实验组通过罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定进行静脉泵注麻醉,两组均采取腰-硬联合麻醉的方式。观察两组产妇不同时段[麻醉前(T1)、麻醉后5min(T2)、麻醉后20min(T3)、胎儿娩出时(T4)]血流动力学指标[心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)]、产后各时段(6h、12h、24h、48h)疼痛程度(VAS评分)、新生儿分娩2min、5min后阿氏(Apgar)评分与产妇不良反应发生情况。结果两组产妇T1时段HR、MAP指标、T2时段MAP指标、产后6h的VAS评分、新生儿分娩后2min、5min的Apgar评分、不良反应发生率差异比较均不明显(P>0.05),但实验组产妇T2时段HR指标、T3、T4时段HR、MAP指标与参照组相比较高,产后12h、24h与48hVAS评分相较于参照组则较低,各组数值对比差异明显(P<0.05)。结论在剖宫产手术中产妇采用右美托咪定静脉泵注腰-硬联合麻醉,不但对产妇术中血流动力学影响较小,产后止痛效果良好,还不易引发不良反应,具有较高的麻醉安全性,适合用于临床推广。

腰硬联合麻醉与全麻联合神经阻滞麻醉运用于下肢远端骨折患者的比较

目的对比分析下肢远端骨折患者手术治疗前采用腰硬联合麻醉方案与全麻联合神经阻滞麻醉方案的效果与安全性。方法选择2021年1月—2022年8月在本院接受手术治疗的下肢远端骨折患者60例作为观察对象,根据麻醉方式的不同划分对照组(30例)与观察组(30例),对照组采取腰硬联合麻醉方案,观察组实施全麻联合神经阻滞麻醉方案,观察对比两组患者麻醉效果,记录两组患者麻醉期间及术后恢复情况,分别监测各组患者麻醉期间血压、心率指标变化,观察各组患者麻醉后出现不良反应的具体表现,统计总发生概率。结果观察组患者麻醉效果明显高于对照组(P<0.05),同时观察组患者感觉阻滞维持时间、运动阻滞维持时间、术后镇痛持续时间均长于对照组,下床活动时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。麻醉10min、30min及手术结束时观察组患者平均动脉压、心率测定值均高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者麻醉后不良反应总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论临床手术治疗下肢远端骨折疾病可采取全麻联合神经阻滞麻醉方案,相比腰硬联合麻醉效果更佳,优点是术后疼痛轻,可早期进行功能锻炼,无需留置导尿管等,值得推广。

小剂量腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞麻醉在高龄剖宫产产妇中的麻醉效果分析

目的探讨小剂量腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞麻醉在高龄剖宫产产妇中的麻醉效果及对生命体征、并发症的影响。方法选择50例高龄剖宫产产妇为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组25例。对照组实施硬膜外麻醉,研究组实施小剂量腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞麻醉,比较两组麻醉效果、不同时间点生命体征、术后并发症发生率。结果研究组麻醉起效时间短于对照组,Bromage评分高于对照组,麻黄碱用量少于对照组(P<0.05);麻醉前,两组心率、平均动脉压比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);麻醉后5min、麻醉后10min、胎儿娩出时,研究组心率、平均动脉压均高于对照组(P<0.05);两组并发症总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高龄剖宫产产妇中采用小剂量腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞麻醉的麻醉效果较好,对产妇生命体征影响较小,并发症发生率较低,值得临床推广与应用。

腰-硬联合麻醉剖宫产术后超声引导双侧腹横肌平面阻滞的镇痛效果探讨

目的探讨静脉自控镇痛联合超声引导双侧腹横肌平面阻滞在腰-硬联合麻醉剖宫产术后的有效性和安全性。方法选取68例剖宫产产妇为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为两组,各34例。对照组予以静脉自控镇痛,研究组在对照组基础上联合超声引导双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,比较两组的疼痛程度、镇痛效果及应激反应。结果研究组术后12h、24h、48h的视觉模拟评分量表得分均低于对照组,自控镇痛需求次数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后48h,研究组去甲肾上腺素、皮质醇、血管紧张素Ⅱ水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后48h,研究组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腰-硬联合麻醉剖宫产术后实施静脉自控镇痛联合超声引导双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,可明显降低产妇疼痛感,减少镇痛药物使用次数,应激反应低,免疫功能影响小,值得应用。

B超引导下双侧腹横筋膜阻滞复合腰硬联合麻醉对剖宫产手术患者的影响分析

目的在剖宫产手术产妇中应用B超引导双侧腹横筋膜阻滞复合腰硬联合麻醉,分析该麻醉模式所获取的效果。方法选取2022年1月—2023年6月张家港澳洋医院接收的70例剖宫产产妇,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组35例。其中,对照组行腰硬联合麻醉,观察组行B超引导双侧腹横筋膜阻滞复合腰硬联合麻醉,分析不同组别产妇所获取的效果。结果对各组产妇相关指标情况展开分析可见,观察组所耗费时间更短,满意度更高,术后HR、MAP、SBP水平更低,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);分析术后不同时间点疼痛情况可见,观察组数据水平更优,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察术后不良反应发生情况可见,观察组发生率低于对照组,同时从镇痛泵按压次数来看,观察组的数据水平更低,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临床剖宫产手术执行B超引导下双侧腹横筋膜阻滞复合腰硬联合麻醉方式,可在术中获取较好麻醉效果,有助于稳定产妇生命体征,减轻麻醉对机体的损伤,确保手术的安全性和有效性。

Regional anesthesia for orthopedic procedures:What orthopedic surgeons need to know

Regional anesthesia is an integral component of successful orthopedic surgery.Neuraxial anesthesia is commonly used for surgical anesthesia while peripheral nerve blocks are often used for postoperative analgesia.Patient evaluation for regional anesthesia should include neurological,pulmonary,cardiovascular,and hematological assessments.Neuraxial blocks include spinal,epidural,and combined spinal epidural.Upper extremity peripheral nerve blocks include interscalene,supraclavicular,infraclavicular,and axillary.Lower extremity peripheral nerve blocks include femoral nerve block,saphenous nerve block,sciatic nerve block,iPACK block,ankle block and lumbar plexus block.The choice of regional anesthesia is a unanimous decision made by the surgeon,the anesthesiologist,and the patient based on a risk-benefit assessment.The choice of the regional block depends on patient cooperation,patient positing,operative structures,operative manipulation,tourniquet use and the impact of postoperative motor blockade on initiation of physical therapy.Regional anesthesia is safe but has an inherent risk of failure and a relatively low incidence of complications such as local anesthetic systemic toxicity(LAST),nerve injury,falls,hematoma,infection and allergic reactions.Ultrasound should be used for regional anesthesia procedures to improve the efficacy and minimize complications.LAST treatment guidelines and rescue medications(intralipid)should be readily available during the regional anesthesia administration.

SURVEY ON CLINICAL STUDY OF COMPOUND ACUPUNCTURE ANESTHESIA IN RECENT 10 YEARS IN CHINA

In the present paper, the authors make a review on the progresses of acupuncture anesthesia (AA) from ① historical development, ② research on acupuncture combined with local anesthesia; ③ research on acupuncture combined with epidural anesthesia; and ④ research on acupuncture combined with general anesthesia. Compound acupuncture anesthesia provides a new anesthetic measure for surgical operations and has a definite analgesic effect and many advantages, and should be investigated further.

腹横肌平面阻滞联合全凭静脉麻醉对卵巢癌手术患者血流动力学、免疫功能、应激反应的影响

目的探讨腹横肌平面阻滞联合全凭静脉麻醉对卵巢癌手术患者血流动力学、免疫功能、应激反应的影响。方法依据麻醉方法的不同将180例卵巢癌患者分为观察组和对照组,每组90例,对照组患者给予硬膜外阻滞联合全凭静脉麻醉,观察组患者给予腹横肌平面阻滞联合全凭静脉麻醉。比较两组患者的术后恢复指标、疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]、血流动力学指标[血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))、心率及收缩压]、免疫功能指标[CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、自然杀伤(NK)细胞]、应激反应指标[皮质醇、前列腺素E_(2)(PGE_(2))]和并发症发生情况。结果两组患者首次下床时间、首次排气时间和住院时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。术后2、6、12、24、48 h,观察组患者的VAS评分均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。气管插管时(T_(1))、术毕(T_(2))时,对照组患者心率、收缩压均低于本组T_(0)时和观察组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);T_(1)、T_(2)时,观察组患者心率、收缩压与本组麻醉前(T_(0))时比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。术后1天,两组患者CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、NK细胞水平均低于本组术前,皮质醇、PGE_(2)水平均高于本组术前,观察组患者CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、NK细胞水平均高于对照组,皮质醇、PGE_(2)水平均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。观察组患者低血压、下肢感觉异常发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论腹横肌平面阻滞联合全凭静脉麻醉可有效改善卵巢癌手术患者的术后疼痛程度,维持血流动力学稳定,减轻免疫抑制及应激反应,值得临床推广。

不同麻醉方式对全髋关节置换术老年患者围术期炎症应激及免疫功能的影响

目的比较神经阻滞复合喉罩全麻、腰硬联合麻醉与全身麻醉对行全髋关节置换术老年患者围术期炎症应激及免疫功能的影响。方法选择择期行单侧全髋关节置换术患者60例,男21例,女39例,年龄63~80岁,体质量指数17~35 kg/m^(2),ASAⅡ级或以上,随机分为3组:神经阻滞复合喉罩全麻组(N组)、腰硬联合麻醉组(E组)和全身麻醉组(G组),每组20例。N组给予腰骶丛神经阻滞复合喉罩全麻,E组给予腰硬联合麻醉,G组给予全身麻醉。术后各组采用自控镇痛(PCIA)。于术前24 h、术后1 h、术后24 h采集各组患者血液,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血浆IL-10、皮质醇、CRP、IL-4、IFN-γ水平。记录术前24 h、术后12 h及术后24 h VAS疼痛评分。结果与G组比,N组术中瑞芬太尼用量减少(P<0.05)。各组间麻黄碱及阿托品使用差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与G组相比,N组及E组术后24 h血浆IL-4水平降低(P<0.05),IFN-γ/IL-4比值升高(P<0.05);术后1 h血浆皮质醇水平降低(P<0.05),术后24 h血浆IL-10、皮质醇、CRP水平降低(P<0.05)。与G组相比,N组术后12 h VAS评分减少并具有临床意义(P<0.05)。结论神经阻滞复合喉罩全麻以及腰硬联合麻醉相比于全身麻醉可以减少老年患者全髋关节置换术后免疫和炎症应激反应相关细胞因子的表达,其中神经阻滞复合喉罩全麻具有更优的镇痛效果。