Disparities in the Levels of Whole-Blood Epstein-Barr Virus between the Cancer and Non-Cancer Populations in Zhejiang,China

Objective This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection in patients with and without cancer.Methods A total of 26,648 participants who underwent whole-blood EBV DNA(WBEBV)assays between January 1,2020,and August 31,2023,were included.The chi-square test was used for categorical data analysis,and R software was used to analyze the differences in EBV DNA load levels and the diagnostic capabilities of WBEBV.Results Positive rates were 10.2%and 25.4%for healthy controls(HC)and patients,respectively.The positivity rate for EBV-associated neoplasms(EN)was the highest at 7.53%,followed by leukemia(Le)at 5.49%.The subgroup analysis showed that the positivity rate for abnormal proliferation or hyperplasia(APH)was 31.9%,followed by 30.5%for Le.The WBEBV of patients with transplants(TP),especially living-related transplants(LT),was the highest among all subgroups.WBEBV at diagnosis was used to differentiate between infectious mononucleosis(IM)and chronic active Epstein-Barr virus(CAEBV),with a sensitivity of 67.4%(95%confidence interval[CI]:57.6-75.8)and specificity of 72%(95%CI:63.3-79.3).We conclude that the prevalence of EBV infection is low in the healthy population in this region and that a high EBV load at baseline is more common in LT,IM,and Lymphocyte Leukemia(LL).Conclusion This study used a large-sample survey to characterize the prevalence of whole-blood EBV levels in various diseases,including the stages and subtypes.The EBV detection rate was higher in patients with malignant disease than in those with benign disease.Our study provides clinicians with baseline information regarding EBV-associated diseases.

DNA methylation in gastric cancer, related to Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide,and significant effort has been focused on clarifying the pathology of gastric cancer.In particular,the development of genome-wide analysis tools has enabled the detection of genetic and epigenetic alterations in gastric cancer;for example,aberrant DNA methylation in gene promoter regions is thought to play a crucial role in gastric carcinogenesis.The etiological viewpoint is also essential for the study of gastric cancers,and two distinct pathogens,Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)and Epstein-Barr virus(EBV),are known to participate in gastric carcinogenesis.Chronic inflammation of the gastric epithelium due to H.pylori infection induces aberrant polyclonal methylation that may lead to an increased risk of gastric cancer.In addition,EBV infection is known to cause extensive methylation,and EBV-positive gastric cancers display a high methylation epigenotype,in which aberrant methylation extends to not only Polycomb repressive complex(PRC)-target genes in embryonic stem cells but also non-PRC-target genes.Here,we review aberrant DNA methylation in gastric cancer and the association between methylation and infection with H.pylori and EBV.

Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA as a biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is common in southern China and Southeast Asia.Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection is an important etiology for NPC,and EBV genome can be detected in almost all tumor tissues of NPC in this region.Plasma EBV DNA,when quantitatively analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR),has been developed as a biomarker for NPC.In this review,the different clinical applications of plasma EBV DNA in the management of NPC,including screening,monitoring,and prognostication,are discussed.In addition,the biological issues of circulating EBV DNA,including the molecular nature and clearance kinetics,are also explored.

The initial results of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) for screening nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)

Objective: Early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an important method to improve the survival rate.However,the sensitivity and specificity of the screening protocols which was widely used in clinic now are considered to be unsatisfactory.Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) is one of the proteins that have been suggested to be a classic oncogene with transformation properties.The current study set out to discuss the clinical significance of LMP-1 on the screening of NPC.Methods: Three hundred patients who visited our institution (Department of Radiation Oncology,Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital,Fuzhou,China) with ENT symptoms between 2007 and 2008 were involved in this study,and all of them were agreed to be involved in this investigation.Not only did they undergo nasopharyngeal swab to obtain cells for the LMP-1 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis,but also nasopharyngeal biopsy were taken to identify the diagnosis.Results: An amount of DNA that was sufficient for PCR was extracted from 243 (81%) swab samples,the positive rate of LMP-1 of those with non-nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 3.85% (4/108),which was much lower than those with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (P < 0.05).By detecting LMP-1 in nasopharyngeal swabs,NPC was diagnosed with a sensitivity of 88.15% (119 of 135 patients),specificity of 96.30% (104 of 108 patients),a positive predictive value of 95.2% (119 of 123 patients),a negative predictive value of 86.67% (104 of 120 patients),accuracy of 91.77%,and Youden index of 84.45%.Conclusion: The nasopharyngeal swab coupled with PCR-based EBV LMP-1 detection have high sensitivity and specificity,and also good repeatability,it could serve as part of the screening program for high-risk populations.

Differential DNA methylation profiles of human B lymphocytes and Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B lymphocytes

Objective： This study aimed to comprehensively assess Epstein-Barr virus（EBV）-induced methylation alterations of B cell across whole genome.Methods： We compared DNA methylation patterns of primary B cells and corresponding lymphoblastoid cell lines（LCLs） from eight participants. The genome-wide DNA methylation profiles were compared at over 850,000 genome-wide methylation sites.Results： DNA methylation analysis revealed 87,732 differentially methylated Cp G sites, representing approximately 12.41% of all sites in LCLs compared to primary B cells. The hypermethylated and hypomethylated Cp G sites were about 22.75% or 77.25%, respectively. Only 0.8% of hypomethylated sites and 4.5% of hypermethylated sites were located in Cp G islands, whereas 8.0% of hypomethylated sites and 16.3% of hypermethylated sites were located in shore（N_shore and S_shore）. Using principal component analysis of the DNA methylation profiles, primary B cells and LCLs could be accurately predicted. Gene Ontology（GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） analysis of differently methylated genes revealed that most of the top GO biological processes were related to cell activation and immune response, and some top enrichment pathways were related with activation and malignant transformation of human B cells.Conclusions： Our study demonstrated genome-wide DNA methylation variations between primary B cells and corresponding LCLs, which might yield new insight on the methylation mechanism of EBV-induced immortalization.

Epstein-Barr virus DNA loads in the peripheral blood cells predict the survival of locoregionally-advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients

Objective:Circulating cell-free Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)DNA has been shown to be a valuable biomarker for population screening and prognostic surveillance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Despite important insights into the biology of persistence,few studies have addressed the clinical significance of cell-based EBV-DNA loads in peripheral blood cells(PBCs).Methods:A prospective observational cohort study was conducted involving 1,063 newly diagnosed,locoregionally-advanced NPC patients at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from 2005 to 2007.Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify the association of PBC EBV DNA loads to overall survival(OS)and other prognostic outcomes.Prognostic nomograms were developed based on PBC EBV DNA loads to predict survival outcomes for NPC patients.Results:After a median follow-up of 108 months,patients with higher PBC EBV-DNA loads had significantly worse OS[hazard ratio(HR)of medium,medium-high,and high vs.low were 1.50,1.52,and 1.85 respectively;Ptrend<0.001].Similar results were found for progression-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival.The concordance index of the prognostic nomogram for predicting OS in the training set and validation set were 0.70 and 0.66,respectively.Our data showed that the PBC EBV DNA load was an independent and robust survival biomarker,which remained significant even after adjusting for plasma EBV DNA loads in a subset of 205 patients of the cohort(HR:1.88;P=0.025).Importantly,a combination of PBC EBV DNA load and plasma EBV DNA load improved the predicted OS.Conclusions:The EBV-DNA load in PBCs may be an independent prognosis marker for NPC patients.

Epigenetic dysregulation in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma: Disease and treatments

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma(EBVaGC)comprises nearly 10%of gastric carcinoma cases worldwide.Recently,it was recognised to have unique clinicopathologic characteristics,including male predominance,lower rates of lymph node involvement,and better prognosis.EBVaGC is further characterised by abnormal hypermethylation of tumour suppressor gene promoter regions,causing down-regulation of their expression.In the present review,we critically discuss the role of EBV in gastric carcinogenesis,summarising the role of viral proteins and microRNAs with respect to aberrant methylation in EBVaGC.Given the role of epigenetic dysregulation in tumourigenesis,epigenetic modifiers may represent a novel therapeutic strategy.

CHARACTERIZATION OF A HUMAN HERPES VIRUS－6（HHV－6） AND EPSTEIN－BARR VIRUS（EBV） ASSOCIATED LEUKEMIC CELL LINE，J6－1

This report characterizes the J6-1 cell line derived from a Chinese acute myelomonocytic leukemia patient and previously reported to be associated with EBV. These studies showed that J6-1 cells were also infected with HHV-6 as demonstrate at the DNA level by PCR and Southern blot hybridization and by expression of HHV-6 early membrane antigen on the J6-1 cell surface. Further characterization showed J6-1 was co-infected with EBV type 2. Generally, cells infected with EBV type 2 do not grow well in vitro. However, J6-1 , although difficult to maintain in vitro, has been grown for 15 years. Possibly, co-infection with HHV6 confers this property. In this regard, J6-1 cells exhibited density dependent growth which could be inhibited with an anti-HHV-6-MA monoclonal antibody(MAb). In contrast, anti-HHV-6-VCA MAb stimulated the J6-1 cell proliferation. Electron microscopic analysis showed that, morphologically, there were two types of J6-1 cell, one with lymphoblastoid features and one with a monocytoid appearance. Accordingly, the flow profile of the J6-1 cell line showed heterogeneity. with two populations comprised of CD15-, CD19+ cells with low light scatter(small cells) and a population with greater light scatter(larger cells) which was CD15+ , CD19+. The population was negative for progenitor cell markers(CD33, 34 ), and T cell markers. Southern analysis showed no T cell receptor rearrangement, however there was a clonal JH and kappa light chain expressing population. Glycocytochemical analysis showed several endogenous lectin receptors on the J6-1 cell surface: BSA-Xylose, BSA-Rhamnose, BSAGal. BSA-Lac. This cell line shares many characteristics with other monocytic/ lymphoblastoid cell lines isolated elsewhere and provides circumstantial evidence linking Herpes viruses, as least as co- factors,to leukemia cell growth.

STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS MEMBRANE ANTIGEN IN RECOMBINANT VACCINIA VIRUS

The Epstein-Barr virus membrane antigen was constructed and inserted into vaccinia virus, Tian-tan strain in order to study the effect of this virus on EB infection and tumorogenesis. The EBV-derived membrane antigen was expressed under the control of a 7.5 K promoter of vaccinia virus. The antibody against the membrane antigen of EB virus was produced on rabbits vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia virus.

EBV抗体与EBV DNA水平的影响因素及其相关性分析

目的：分析 EB 病毒（EBV）抗体及 EBV DNA 的影响因素及关联性。方法回顾性分析2014年1－9月在北京大学第一医院就诊的143例患者的年龄、性别、血常规、肝功能、EBV 抗体及 DNA 检查结果，用 Spearman 相关性分析对 EBV 抗体及 EBV DNA 的相关影响因素进行分析，多个独立样本间比较使用 Kruskal －Wallis H 检验，独立样本间两两比较使用 Mann －Whitney U 检验。结果血清 EBV DNA（r ＝0．169～0．693，P ＜0．05）、EBV －VCA －IgM（r ＝0．153～0．434，P ＜0．05）均与外周血淋巴细胞 EBV DNA 、ALT、AST、ALP、GGT、白细胞（WBC）及异形淋巴细胞呈正相关，并且两者也呈正相关（r ＝0．434，P ＝0．00）；外周血淋巴细胞 EBV DNA 与血清EBV DNA、EBV －VCA －IgM、AST、ALP、WBC 及异形淋巴细胞呈正相关（r ＝0．207～0．693，P ＜0．05）。外周血淋巴细胞 EBV DNA 阳性率70．6％（101／143），血清 EBV DNA 阳性率32．2％（46／143）。EBV －VCA －IgM阳性率22．4％（32／143），22．5％（25／111）的 EBV－VCA －IgM阴性患者血清 EBV DNA 阳性。血清 EBV DNA 阳性患者 EBV －VCA －IgM阳性率（21／46，45．7％）明显高于外周血淋巴细胞 EBV DNA 阳性者（29／101，28．7％），差异有统计学意义（χ2＝7．95，P ＜0．01）。结论血清 EBV DNA 和 EBV －VCA －IgM有较强的关联性，并且前者的阳性率高于后者，更有助于 EBV 感染的早期诊断，联合检测两项指标可提高 EBV 现症感染的检出率。

EBV DNA定量分析在监测鼻咽癌转移和复发中的临床意义

背景与目的:EB病毒(Epstein-Barrvirus,EBV)感染与鼻咽癌关系密切,近年来,有报道鼻咽癌患者血浆/血清中可检测到游离EBVDNA,但血浆EBVDNA水平对判断放疗后鼻咽癌患者转移、复发的临床意义尚缺少大宗研究报道。本研究定量检测鼻咽癌放疗后随诊患者血浆EBVDNA含量,探讨其在监测鼻咽癌转移、复发中的临床意义。方法:选择在中山大学肿瘤防治中心门诊随诊的放疗后鼻咽癌患者90例,用荧光定量PCR方法检测血浆EBVDNA含量,比较转移、复发与持续缓解患者血浆EBVDNA拷贝数。结果:放疗后转移或复发患者血浆EBVDNA的检出率为96.7%(29/30),中位拷贝数为2650copies/ml(0～5900000copies/ml);而持续缓解组患者血浆EBVDNA检出率12%(7/60),中位拷贝数为0copy/ml(0～71000copies/ml),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3例临床持续缓解但有血浆EBVDNA升高患者,在随后的3～4个月随访中,证实有肿瘤转移或复发。结论:血浆EBVDNA李宇红,等.EBVDNA定量分析在646定量检测可能成为监测放疗后鼻咽癌患者肿瘤转移、复发的敏感肿瘤标记物。

淋巴细胞及血浆EB病毒DNA在EBV感染相关疾病中表达的研究

目的探讨外周血淋巴细胞和血浆中EB病毒DNA(EBV DNA)在EB病毒感染相关疾病中表达的差异。方法收集112例疑似EB病毒感染相关疾病患者的全血样本,其中鼻咽癌14例,传染性单核细胞增多症(传单)16例,淋巴瘤22例,自身免疫性疾病23例,上呼吸道感染26例,肝功能异常11例,采用荧光定量PCR方法检测同一份样本淋巴细胞和血浆中EBV DNA的含量。结果检测112例患者外周血淋巴细胞和血浆中的EBV DNA,其总的阳性率分别为83.0%(93/112),27.7%(31/112),差异具有统计学意义(卡方值χ~2=60.02,P<0.01);14例鼻咽癌患者外周血淋巴细胞和血浆EBV DNA的阳性率及其含量差异均无统计学意义(χ~2=2.25,t=-1.04,均P>0.05);而传染性单核细胞增多症、淋巴瘤、自身免疫性疾病、上呼吸道感染和肝功能异常患者血浆EBV DNA阳性率及其含量均明显低于外周血淋巴细胞,差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=4.17~15.06,均P<0.05;t=3.94~10.45,均P<0.01)。结论荧光定量PCR检测非鼻咽癌患者的外周血淋巴细胞的EBV DNA可能优于检测血浆的EBV DNA;检测鼻咽癌患者外周血淋巴细胞和血浆EBV DNA无明显差异,可根据临床情况,选择合适的标本进行检测。

鼻咽癌血浆EBV-DNA浓度的微分动力学模型

目的通过建立微分方程模型,探讨鼻咽癌血浆Epstein-Barr病毒-DNA(EBV-DNA)含量在放疗中的动力学变化。方法选取2013年1月至2014年12月10例接受单纯放疗的鼻咽癌患者,采用荧光定量PCR检测其血浆EBV-DNA的动态表达水平。结果微分方程模型能很好地拟合血浆EBV-DNA的实际观测数据。模型参数与治疗中EBV-DNA的清除动力学特征有很好的相关性,且可能对患者的临床表型有一定的指示作用。结论微分方程模型参数可能提示肿瘤的生物学特性,但其意义价值尚需进一步验证。

Rapid and sensitive detection of Epstein-Barr virus antibodies in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by chemiluminescence strips based on iron-porphyrin single atom nanozyme

The correlation between Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection and nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)risk has been extensively researched.The continual monitoring of EBV-IgAs provides a promising approach of NPC screening in its early stage.In this study,we successfully synthesized a single-atom nanozyme(SANzyme)through the application of iron-porphyrin based metal organic framework(MOF-FeP).The MOF-FeP possesses precisely-defined electronic and geometric structures that accurately mimic highly-evolved catalytic site of natural peroxidase.The peroxidase-like activity of MOF-FeP enables it to catalyze the chemiluminescence of luminol substrate.By integrating MOF-FeP into a traditional strip,we created a rapid and highly-sensitive evaluation tool for detecting EBV-IgAs.Importantly,the MOF-FeP strip enables the simultaneous detection of three EBV-IgAs,greatly improving the accuracy of EBV-associated NPC screening.The sensitivities of the MOF-FeP strip(75.56%–93.30%)surpass those of current enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)methods(64.44%–82.22%).This test takes only 16 min to perform as opposed to the customary 1–2 h required for standard ELISA.Additionally,the MOF-FeP strip is suitable for whole blood samples,thereby significantly simplifying the sample preparation and detection process.In conclusion,the MOF-FeP strip combines the simplicity of traditional strip with the high catalytic activity of SANzyme.Our innovative MOF-FeP strip offers a new point-of-care strategy for EBV-IgAs detection,which is expected to markedly facilitate early screening for EBV-associated diseases.

全血EBV DNA载量检测在儿童EB病毒感染中的应用价值

目的 评价全血EBV DNA载量检测在儿童EB病毒(EBV)感染中的应用价值。方法 将231例EBV活动感染儿童(原发感染174例,复发感染57例)、258例非活动EBV感染儿童(EBV既往感染)、45例无EBV感染健康儿童采用自动核酸提取实时荧光定量PCR法检测全血EBV DNA载量,探讨其与EBV感染的关系。结果 EBV活动性感染组全血EBV DNA阳性率81.8%,全血EBV DNA载量为(3.99±0.96)Ig Copies/mI。EBV原发感染组与复发感染组的全血EBV DNA阳性率差异无统计学意义(x^2=0.419,P=0.517)。EBV DNA载量差异无统计学意义(t=1.236,P=0.221)。非活动EBV感染儿童组全血EBV DNA阳性率10 9%,全血EBV DNA载量为(2.89±0.20)lq Copies/ml。EBV活动性感染组与非活动性感染组的全血EBV DNA阳性率差异有统计学意义(x^2=251.600,P=0.0001),全血EBV DNA载量差异有统计学意义(t=3.389,P=0.001)。非EBV感染组全血EBV DNA阳性率0。EBV原发感染组中,全血EBV DNA阳性率(82 7%)高于EBV-CA IgM阳性率(75.8%),差异有统计学意义(x^2=6.160,P=0.008),两者结果一致性不佳(Kappa=0.687)。以全血EBV DNA载量检测阳性作为诊断依据,敏感度75.9%,特异度91.2%,诊断符合率84.4%;在全血E—BV DNA载量为3.001gCopies/mI时,是判断儿童EBV活动性感染的最佳临界点,敏感度70.1%,特异度95.3%,诊断符合率83.4%。结论全血EBV DNA载量是监测EBV活动性感染的独立指标,在儿童EBV感染诊断、疗效观察和愈后评估中的具有重要意义。

EBV DNA检测结合Th17、Treg细胞在小儿EB病毒感染诊断中的应用意义

目的评价EB病毒(epstein-barr virus,EBV)DNA检测结合Th17、Treg细胞在小儿EB病毒感染诊断中的临床意义。方法选取2020年1月—2022年6月盐城市第三人民医院儿科收治的50例EB病毒感染患儿为观察组,另选取同期健康体检儿童50名为对照组,比较两组的EBV DNA水平、外周血Treg细胞及Th17细胞百分率,比较初治组与缓解组的EBV DNA水平、外周血Treg细胞、Th17细胞百分率。结果观察组EBV DNA阳性率为88.00%高于对照组的0.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=78.571,P<0.001)。观察组EBV DNA含量、Th17细胞水平均高于对照组,外周血Treg细胞低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。初治组EBV DNA含量、Th17细胞水平均高于缓解组,外周血Treg细胞低于缓解组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论EBV DNA结合Th17、Treg细胞监测在小儿EB病毒感染诊断及病情评估中具有积极意义。

儿童传染性单核细胞增多症临床表现及外周血Th1/Th2型细胞标志物与EB病毒-DNA载量的关系

目的探讨儿童传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)临床表现及外周血Th1/Th2型细胞标志物与EB病毒(EBV)-DNA载量的关系。方法选择2019年12月—2021年5月在苏州市第九人民医院和苏州市吴江区儿童医院就诊的IM患儿,共纳入研究63例,根据患儿的EBV-DNA载量(中位水平),分为高载量组(31例)和低载量组(32例),比较两组患儿的临床特征、T淋巴细胞亚群水平(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))、Th1/Th2型细胞标志物(IFN-γ、IL-4)水平及肝功能,并分析EBV-DNA载量与T淋巴细胞亚群水平及Th1/Th2型细胞标志物的相关性。记录患儿住院时间及转归情况。结果高载量与低载量组患儿的发热、咽峡炎、颈部淋巴结肿大、皮疹发生例数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),高载量组患儿的肝脾肿大、眼睑水肿发生率高于低载量组(P<0.05);高载量组患儿的CD3^(+)、CD8^(+)、AST、ALT、IL-4水平均高于低载量组,CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、IFN-γ水平低于低载量组(P<0.05);CD3^(+)、CD8^(+)、IL-4水平与EBV-DNA载量呈正相关(P<0.05),CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、IFN-γ水平与EBV-DNA载量呈负相关(P<0.05);高载量组患儿的住院时间较低载量组长(P<0.05);复诊时发现,高载量组患儿的EBV-DNA载量阳性例数、颈部淋巴结肿大例数均高于低载量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组肝脾肿大例数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论IM患儿多出现发热、咽峡炎和颈部淋巴结肿大等临床症状,EBV-DNA高载量患儿临床症状更严重,免疫功能更紊乱;EBV-DNA载量及Th1/Th2型细胞标志物的检测对IM病情诊断及对病情严重程度了解具有重要意义。

THE CERVIX MULTI－VIRUSES INFECTION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CERVICAL CARCINOMAS

The infections of human papilloma virus (HPV),herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to human cervical epithelium are universal and some of them are associated with the development of cervical carcinomas. One hundred and eleven cervical cancer biopsies taken from Beijing area and Xiangyuan county in Shanxi province of China were examined for the presence of DNA sequences of HPV, HSV-2 and EBV by means of Dot blot hybridization. The experiment results showed that the total infectious rates of HPV, HSV-2 and EBV were 71.17% (79/111), 14.44%(16/111) and 15.63% (15/96), respectively. Seventy-nine samples positive for HPV were further analysed for the viral types distribution, the result indicated that the positive specimens of HPV type 16 accounted for 72.15%, otherwise, the biopsies positive for HPV type 18and 6B/11 only accounted for 16-46% and 11.39%,respectively. The data suggested that HPV infection,especially HPV type 16, may play an important role in the development of cervical carcinomas- 16 specimens positive for HSV-2 were examined for HPV DNAsequences and the result uncovered that 13 out of them were HPV16 positive (81.25%), 11 samples containing EBV genomes were also examined for HPV DNA sequences and the result indicated that 9 of 11 were detectable for HPV DNA. The experiment results proved a direct evtidence of multi-virus infection in cervix and of the synergistic interaction among viruses in the process of cervical epithelial carcinogenesis.Comparing of the viruses' infection of two areas, the frequencies of HPV infection in Beijing and Xiangyuan areas were 72.84% (59/ 81) and 66.67% (20/30) , the infectious rates of HSV-2 in the two areas were 8.64%(7/81) and 30% (9/30) (P<0.05), the rates of EBV infection in the two areas were 12.5% (10/80) and 31.25% (5/16)(0.1>P>0.05). The results proved another strong evidence that the high incidence of cervical cancer in Xiangyuan county may be closely correlated with multiviruses infection and with multi-virus synergistic interaction.

采用EBV-DNA载量检测方法检测1306例患者临床分析

目的通过采用EBV-DNA载量检测方法了解EB病毒感染患者临床分布情况。方法分析2014年11月—2017年5月期间在苏州市立医院东区的1 306例住院的临床表现为发热、扁桃体肿大、淋巴结肿大、肝脾肿大、肝功能异常及鼻咽部肿瘤、不明原因反复感染的患者进行EBV-DNA检测,并分析患者的临床表现。结果在检测的1 306例住院患者中共检出407例EBV-DNA阳性患者,整体检出率31.16%。0～14岁儿童、14岁以上EBV-DNA阳性率分别318例(24.35%)和89例(6.81%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别儿童EBV感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。14岁以下各年龄组检出EBV-DNA例数分别:0～1岁5例、1～3岁60例、3～6岁158例,6～14岁95例,EBV-DNA阳性率分别为13.51%,27.4%,38.35%和32.87%,1～6岁儿童对EBV尤其易感。14岁以下患者感染EBV后临床表现有:呼吸系统疾病占88%,传染性单核细胞增多症9.7%,其他疾病2.3%,其中合并有支原体感染136例(43%)。14岁以上EBV-DNA阳性患者临床表现以肿瘤为主。结论 1～6岁儿童更易于感染EBV。不同年龄段患者感染EBV后的临床表现各有不同。儿童期EBV感染后易潜伏,需引起重视并加强随访。

血浆EB病毒游离DNA检测对监测鼻咽癌患者预后的意义

背景与目的:有报道,测定血浆中的EB病毒游离DNA(EBV-DNA)的拷贝数可作为诊断及监测鼻咽癌患者病情变化的手段之一。本研究旨在评价血浆EBV-DNA检测在鼻咽癌患者预后监测上的价值,并进一步与VCA/IgA、EA/IgA进行比较。方法:比较鼻咽癌放疗后30例远处转移患者、22例局部复发患者、24例无瘤生存者血浆中EBV-DNA、VCA/IgA、EA/IgA水平。分别应用荧光定量PCR方法检测血浆EBV-DNA水平,免疫酶法检测VCA/IgA、EA/IgA;前瞻性观察20例初诊鼻咽癌患者放疗前、放疗剂量达40Gy时及放疗结束时上述指标的变化。结果:放疗后各组不同预后患者的血浆EBV-DNA含量的中位数有显著性差异,远处转移组为135100copies/ml(四分线区域5525～1003750copies/ml)>局部复发组的20500(四分线区域0～58500copies/ml)>无瘤生存组的0copy/ml(四分线区域0～0copy/ml),P均<0.05。远处转移组的血浆EBV-DNA水平高者较多,当阳性标准为1000000copies/ml时,诊断远处转移组的敏感性为27.3%,而诊断局部复发组的敏感性为0.0%,特异性均为100.0%。在初诊患者放疗前、放疗剂量达40Gy时及放疗结束时,EBV-DNA水平逐渐降低,平均含量分别为32050copies/ml(四分线区域3880～317750copies/ml)、0copy/ml(四分线区域0～14375copies/ml)。