Increasing trend in retained rectal foreign bodies

AIM To highlight the rising trend in hospital presentation of foreign bodies retained in the rectum over a 5-year period.METHODS Retrospective review of the cases of retained rectal foreign bodies between 2008 and 2012 was performed.Patients' clinical data and yearly case presentation with data relating to hospital episodes were collected.Data analysis was by SPSS Inc.Chicago,IL,United States.RESULTS Twenty-five patients presented over a 5-year period with a mean age of 39(17-62) years and M: F ratio of 2:1.A progressive rise in cases was noted from 2008 to 2012 with 3,4,4,6,8 recorded patients per year respectively.The majority of the impacted rectal objects were used for self-/partner-eroticism.The commonest retained foreign bodies were sex vibrators and dildos.Ninty-six percent of the patients required extraction while one passed spontaneously.Two and three patients had retrieval in the Emergency Department and on the ward respectively while 19 patients needed examination under anaesthesia for extraction.The mean hospital stay was 19(2-38) h.Associated psychosocial issues included depression,deliberate self-harm,illicit drug abuse,anxiety and alcoholism.There were no psychosocial problems identified in 15 patients.CONCLUSION There is a progressive rise in hospital presentation of impacted rectal foreign bodies with increasing use of different objects for sexual arousal.

Henry James's Defamiliarization in Erotic Hints

Erotic defamiliarization possesses a special portion in Shklovsky's defamiliarization theory and it is found in Henry James's works.This paper exemplifies Henry James's way of erotic defamiliarization in his works The American and "Daisy Miller".

RIGHT INFERIOR FRONTAL GYRUS PROCESSING OF VISUAL EROTIC INFORMATION BASED ON fMRI

Visually-induced erotic arousal evoked by pornographic visual stimuli, such as films or photographs, is a common occurrence in human behavior. The brain activation associated with visual erotic stimuli in heterosexual right handed females is studied. Functional magnetic resonance imaging is used to investigate 15 female partici- panterotic arousal induced by visual stimuli in film and picture forms, respectively, performing three or more times during their menstrual cycle on a 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. There is activation of a set of bilateral brain areas, including the inferior lateral occipital cortex, the anterior supramarginal gyrus, the parietal operculum cortex, the superior parietal lobules, the right inferior frontal gyrus, the cerebellum, the hypothalamus, the thalamus, the hippocampus, and the mid-brain. From different regions, the brain activation is observed and the inferior frontal gyrus has found to be task-independent. Furthermore, the right inferior frontal gyrus has more activation than the left inferior frontal gyrus. The result shows that the right inferior frontal gyrus plays an important role in pornographic information processing rather than being activated stimuli property specific. It is presented for the first time that the functional laterization of the inferior frontal gyrus is bi-directional rather than single （left） directional.

Alcohol Suppresses the Electroencephalographic Response to Visual Erotic Stimuli in Young Men

Although the combination of alcohol and sex is frequently observed in human social interaction, many questions concerning alcohol’s effects on the processing of sexual stimuli and brain functionality remain unanswered. Erotic films eliciting sexual arousal in humans and affect electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. This study examines the effects of alcohol on cortical EEG activity in young men while viewing an erotic film. Heterosexual males participated in an independent alcohol/placebo group protocol. Thirty-five minutes after beverage ingestion, EEGs were recorded at prefrontal, temporal and parietal derivations in three conditions: baseline, and while watching erotic and neutral films. During the observation of erotic films, only the participants who drank the placebo beverage showed a decrease in alpha1 and an increase in the fast frequencies of the prefrontal regions, as well as a decrease in inter-prefrontal synchronization in the alpha and beta bands. Alcohol suppressed the prefrontal EEG changes associated with watching erotic visual stimuli without affect the sexual arousal. EEG data show that alcohol affecting the functioning of the prefrontal cortex, which could interfere with the adequate processing of visual erotic stimuli. These findings may contribute to improving our understanding of the brain mechanisms that underlie alcohol’s effects on the processing of sexual stimuli.

Discussion on Introducing Emotional Teaching into ＂Chemistry Foundation＂ Course

On the basis of the construction of the key course of ＂chemistry foundation＂ , this paper aims to solve the problem of how tointroduce the emotional teaching in the science and engineering curriculum for the purpose of solving the problems of the students studying inscience and engineering.

Electroencephalographic Correlates of Sexual Arousal Induced by Sexually-Explicit Reading in Human Females

This study explored the cortical functionality in young women while reading a sexually-explicit text. Electroencephalographic activity (EEG) was recorded in heterosexual women while reading either a sexually-explicit text or one with neutral content. Absolute power (AP) and the degree of EEG synchronization among the prefrontal, temporal and parietal cortices were analyzed for the different EEG bands. To evaluate sexual arousal, valence and general activation, Likert-type and Manikin scales were applied. Subjects scored the sexually-explicit text as more pleasurable, and reported greater general activation and sexual arousal than while reading the neutral one. During reading of the sexually-explicit text only, they showed a higher AP in the beta and gamma bands in temporal areas in both hemispheres, and in the theta band in parietal ones, with a lower degree of EEG synchronization between prefronto-temporal areas in the fast bands. Results show that both hemispheres were activated in these sexually-aroused women. The low bilateral synchronization between prefrontal and temporal regions indicates the independent functionality of these cortices, which could be a requirement for inducing and maintaining sexual arousal during reading of sexually-explicit texts in women. These data should broaden our knowledge of the cortical mechanisms that underlie sexual arousal in women.

Sense and Sensibility:The Erotic Triangle in Shakespearean Sonnets

The male-female-male relationship is a recurrent theme in William Shakespeare's sonnets. In Eve Sedgwick's influential queer study book Between Men: English Literature and Male Homosocial Desire, she first interpreted the relationship within the model of erotic triangle. On the basis of Sedgwick's theory, the triangle relationship in the Sonnets is analyzed—Shakespeare constructs an erotic triangle where males by identifying, cooperating, and competing with each other, maintain their homosocial bond upon heterosexual but misogynous desires towards a female. The contradictory relationship reflects Shakespeare's struggle vis-à-vis a Renaissance literary theme: rationality versus passion, with the former mounting over the latter.

When the Exotic Met the Erotic： The Representation of the Foreign in Ruyijun zhuan and ＂Jinhailing zongyu wangshen＂

Erotic fiction produced during the 16th and the early 17th centuries used different strategies to create settings for subversive sexual desires. This article examines one of these strategies： Authors of Ming erotic stories often associated the sexual expressions that challenged the existing social order with portrayals of the foreign. This article demonstrates that historical accounts and literary traditions informed the representations of the foreign in Ming erotic stories produced during the mid- and late Ming period through the examination ofRuyijun zhuan and ＂Jinhailing zongyu wangshen.＂ I argue that both narratives exoticized the erotic in order to exclude unsettling elements of sexual desire from China. However, due to their different views of sexual desire, they depicted the foreign differently. This paper concludes that the different strategies for appropriating sexual desire into foreign settings may be related to the historical contexts within which the two works of fiction were created.