Radon(Rn)is a naturally occurring radioactive inert gas in nature,and^(222)Rn has been routinely used as a powerful tracer in various aquatic environmental research on timescales of hours to days,such as submarine gro...Radon(Rn)is a naturally occurring radioactive inert gas in nature,and^(222)Rn has been routinely used as a powerful tracer in various aquatic environmental research on timescales of hours to days,such as submarine groundwater discharge.Here we developed a new approach to measure^(222)Rn in discrete water samples with a wide range of^(222)Rn concentrations using a Pulsed Ionization Chamber(PIC)Radon Detector.The sensitivity of the new PIC system is evaluated at 6.06 counts per minute for 1 Bq/L when a 500 mL water sample volume is used.A robust logarithmic correlation between sample volumes,ranging from 250 mL to 5000 mL,and system sensitivity obtained in this study strongly suggests that this approach is suitable for measuring radon concentration levels in various natural waters.Compared to the currently available methods for measuring radon in grab samples,the PIC system is cheaper,easier to operate and does not require extra accessories(e.g.,drying tubes etc.)to maintain stable measurements throughout the counting procedure.展开更多
Radon and its decay daughters are one of the main sources of natural radiation to humans and the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking[1].In this paper,a new multi-wire impulse ionization chamber type inte...Radon and its decay daughters are one of the main sources of natural radiation to humans and the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking[1].In this paper,a new multi-wire impulse ionization chamber type intended for continuous airborne radon activity measurements is described.展开更多
Radon is recognized as a powerful tracer of certain geophysical processes in marine and aquatic environments.In the past few decades,the instruments and methods for measuring radon concentration in water have been dev...Radon is recognized as a powerful tracer of certain geophysical processes in marine and aquatic environments.In the past few decades,the instruments and methods for measuring radon concentration in water have been developed to some extent but still lack underwater in-situ measurements.Here we present an in-situ detection equipment for radon-in-water(pulsed ionization chamber(PIC)-radon)to measure dissolved radon in ocean and groundwater settings.The equipment has been successfully deployed in the Jiaozhou Bay in July 2022 and has achieved 14 d of unattended underwater in-situ observation.Then it was successfully placed in a groundwater monitoring well in the Laizhou Bay in November 2022 and monitored radon activities for over 30 d.The results showed that this instrument had a good indication of submarine groundwater discharge.The PIC-radon detector takes advantage of smaller size,lower power consumption,and is barely influenced by humidity,making it particularly suitable for long-term in-situ measurement,especially in harsh environments with limited human care or deployment spaces.展开更多
By monitoring the ionizing radiation from minute to minute in S^o Jos6 dos Campos, SP, Brazil （230 S, 450 W） using Geiger counter, during January to August 2015, it has confirmed the presence of radon gas in these m...By monitoring the ionizing radiation from minute to minute in S^o Jos6 dos Campos, SP, Brazil （230 S, 450 W） using Geiger counter, during January to August 2015, it has confirmed the presence of radon gas in these measures. The observation confirms the existence of a periodicity of 24 hours through the technique （Fast Fourier Transform） applied to the data set, and this cycle can be better visible in longer dry periods. On rainy days or with heavy fog in the region, this periodicity is modified or even disappears. As Geiger do not detect alpha particles due to absorption in the walls of the sensor tube, it measured X and gamma rays coming from the radon gas progeny. Radon gas （222Rn） has a half-life of 19.7 minutes to decays in 214Bi emitting gamma ray energy （45%） with 0.609 MeV which is monitored daily by Geiger. Also 222Rn decays in 26.8 minutes in 214pb giving （37%） with 0.35 MeV and others with less energy. It is confirmed the good performance ofa Geiger tube with LND 712 working with about 500 VDC rated voltage.展开更多
Abundant data have been gathered through measurements of radon gas emission in the soil on several major active faults,such as San Andreas and Calaveras,in California,U.S.A..They show radon emissions and their spatial...Abundant data have been gathered through measurements of radon gas emission in the soil on several major active faults,such as San Andreas and Calaveras,in California,U.S.A..They show radon emissions and their spatial variations at the unlocked,locked,and creeping sections of faults with different tectonic movements.The characteristics of these variations and the role of fault gases in the research on earthquake prediction are discussed in this paper.展开更多
With the use ofa Geiger proportional counter with sensor tube of Russian and Chinese origin, a comparison was made in this work between measurements of environmental ionizing radiation with these detectors and a sodiu...With the use ofa Geiger proportional counter with sensor tube of Russian and Chinese origin, a comparison was made in this work between measurements of environmental ionizing radiation with these detectors and a sodium iodide scintillator activated with TI （Thallium NaI）. Through measurements carried out in a room located inside a tower 25 meters high on the ITA （Technological Institute of Aeronautics） campus, it was possible to study the efficiency of the three instruments for the environmental measurement of ionizing radiations at that location. Between March 7th and June 2nd of 2017, in that region, nine intense and weak rains were observed with 12 cold fronts coming from southern Brazil. Radiation measurements and the local meteorology involved are analyzed in this work to verify possible correlations.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42130410,41876075 and U1906210the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under contract No.201962003.
文摘Radon(Rn)is a naturally occurring radioactive inert gas in nature,and^(222)Rn has been routinely used as a powerful tracer in various aquatic environmental research on timescales of hours to days,such as submarine groundwater discharge.Here we developed a new approach to measure^(222)Rn in discrete water samples with a wide range of^(222)Rn concentrations using a Pulsed Ionization Chamber(PIC)Radon Detector.The sensitivity of the new PIC system is evaluated at 6.06 counts per minute for 1 Bq/L when a 500 mL water sample volume is used.A robust logarithmic correlation between sample volumes,ranging from 250 mL to 5000 mL,and system sensitivity obtained in this study strongly suggests that this approach is suitable for measuring radon concentration levels in various natural waters.Compared to the currently available methods for measuring radon in grab samples,the PIC system is cheaper,easier to operate and does not require extra accessories(e.g.,drying tubes etc.)to maintain stable measurements throughout the counting procedure.
文摘Radon and its decay daughters are one of the main sources of natural radiation to humans and the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking[1].In this paper,a new multi-wire impulse ionization chamber type intended for continuous airborne radon activity measurements is described.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos U22A20580 and 42130410the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under contract No.202341002the Pilot Project for the Integration of Science,Education,and Industry under contract No.2022PY069.
文摘Radon is recognized as a powerful tracer of certain geophysical processes in marine and aquatic environments.In the past few decades,the instruments and methods for measuring radon concentration in water have been developed to some extent but still lack underwater in-situ measurements.Here we present an in-situ detection equipment for radon-in-water(pulsed ionization chamber(PIC)-radon)to measure dissolved radon in ocean and groundwater settings.The equipment has been successfully deployed in the Jiaozhou Bay in July 2022 and has achieved 14 d of unattended underwater in-situ observation.Then it was successfully placed in a groundwater monitoring well in the Laizhou Bay in November 2022 and monitored radon activities for over 30 d.The results showed that this instrument had a good indication of submarine groundwater discharge.The PIC-radon detector takes advantage of smaller size,lower power consumption,and is barely influenced by humidity,making it particularly suitable for long-term in-situ measurement,especially in harsh environments with limited human care or deployment spaces.
文摘By monitoring the ionizing radiation from minute to minute in S^o Jos6 dos Campos, SP, Brazil （230 S, 450 W） using Geiger counter, during January to August 2015, it has confirmed the presence of radon gas in these measures. The observation confirms the existence of a periodicity of 24 hours through the technique （Fast Fourier Transform） applied to the data set, and this cycle can be better visible in longer dry periods. On rainy days or with heavy fog in the region, this periodicity is modified or even disappears. As Geiger do not detect alpha particles due to absorption in the walls of the sensor tube, it measured X and gamma rays coming from the radon gas progeny. Radon gas （222Rn） has a half-life of 19.7 minutes to decays in 214Bi emitting gamma ray energy （45%） with 0.609 MeV which is monitored daily by Geiger. Also 222Rn decays in 26.8 minutes in 214pb giving （37%） with 0.35 MeV and others with less energy. It is confirmed the good performance ofa Geiger tube with LND 712 working with about 500 VDC rated voltage.
文摘Abundant data have been gathered through measurements of radon gas emission in the soil on several major active faults,such as San Andreas and Calaveras,in California,U.S.A..They show radon emissions and their spatial variations at the unlocked,locked,and creeping sections of faults with different tectonic movements.The characteristics of these variations and the role of fault gases in the research on earthquake prediction are discussed in this paper.
文摘With the use ofa Geiger proportional counter with sensor tube of Russian and Chinese origin, a comparison was made in this work between measurements of environmental ionizing radiation with these detectors and a sodium iodide scintillator activated with TI （Thallium NaI）. Through measurements carried out in a room located inside a tower 25 meters high on the ITA （Technological Institute of Aeronautics） campus, it was possible to study the efficiency of the three instruments for the environmental measurement of ionizing radiations at that location. Between March 7th and June 2nd of 2017, in that region, nine intense and weak rains were observed with 12 cold fronts coming from southern Brazil. Radiation measurements and the local meteorology involved are analyzed in this work to verify possible correlations.
