Gaokao has been considered as the gatekeeper of intergenerational class reproduction in today’s slowing social mobility in China.In order to bolster the fairness of Gaokao,the Policy of Bonus Scores for Ethnic Minori...Gaokao has been considered as the gatekeeper of intergenerational class reproduction in today’s slowing social mobility in China.In order to bolster the fairness of Gaokao,the Policy of Bonus Scores for Ethnic Minority Candidates(PBSEMC)has been issued,whose,however,effectiveness in promoting upward social class has not been adequately empirically explored.The difference-in-differences(DID)analysis based on cross-sectional data,which is distinct from the traditional DID analysis paradigm,was implemented to assess the Reform of PBSEMC in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 1988.The results showed that PBSEMC had a significant and positive impact on the social classes of ethnic minorities,and gender,residence type and occupation type were also relevant to social class,aligning with the previous literature.The PBSEMC is effective in improving the social classes of ethnic minorities.However,the PBSEMC policy should be made more precise,in order to benefit the candidates who are in genuine need of assistance.展开更多
On the basis of survey, students of Preparatory Ethnic Minority are not interested in English learning, and they lack language learning strategies, listening and oral abilities when they are studying English. Accordin...On the basis of survey, students of Preparatory Ethnic Minority are not interested in English learning, and they lack language learning strategies, listening and oral abilities when they are studying English. According to theories of Second Language Acquisition, connected with teaching practice, new English Learning Model is discussed and constructed. It includes"1+2+3" curriculum model, which advocates"Student centered"teaching method and setting up optional courses so that students will at tain the set goal smoothly.展开更多
The paper focuses on the connotation of ethnic culture elements of college English education for Three Minority Nations in Inner Mongolia and comprehensive and scientific explanation for Three Minority Nations. Corres...The paper focuses on the connotation of ethnic culture elements of college English education for Three Minority Nations in Inner Mongolia and comprehensive and scientific explanation for Three Minority Nations. Corresponding solutions were proposed from the aspects of teachers, teaching materials, curriculum and so on and feasible suggestions were put forward for nationality culture building by the English education of Three Minority Nations in Inner Mongolia on this basis.展开更多
The level of development of higher education(HE)is an important indicator to measure the development of the social economy and the civilization of a region or country.In this article,we compare the distribution of the...The level of development of higher education(HE)is an important indicator to measure the development of the social economy and the civilization of a region or country.In this article,we compare the distribution of the freshmen of ethnic minorities(EMs)with the distribution of EMs over the population,based on a sample of 1464 freshmen from 25 EMs of Yunnan Province in People's Republic of China(PRC).Although this analysis shows that access to HE is equal for some categories of EM students,it still shows that access to HE is harder for these minorities in comparison with freshmen from Han(major ethnic group comprising of 92%of the Chinese population)families.展开更多
Multilingual Education Programs Regulation was adopted and the implementation of bilingual educational reform started in Georgia in 2010. The paper presents research results on readiness of non-Georgian schools to imp...Multilingual Education Programs Regulation was adopted and the implementation of bilingual educational reform started in Georgia in 2010. The paper presents research results on readiness of non-Georgian schools to implement multilingual educational programs effectively. The research studied the important factors influencing the effectiveness of bilingual educational programs, specifically （1） type of program, （2） human resources of schools and teachers professional development, （3） bilingual education as shared vision for all school stakeholders, and （4） community and parental involvement in designing and implementation of bilingual educational programs. The following research methods were used during the research： （1） quantitative and qualitative content analysis of bilingual educational programs of 26 non-Georgian schools of Kvemo Kartli and Samtskhe-Javakheti regions of Georgia, （2） quantitative survey of non-Georgian school principals through questionnaires, and （3） quantitative survey of non-Georgian schools＇ teachers of different subjective groups through questionnaire. The study revealed that schools are implementing mostly ＂weak＂ bilingual educational programs. The schools implementing bilingual educational programs do not have sufficient human resources, bilingual education is not a shared vision for all school stakeholders and parents and community are not actively involved in designing and implementation of the programs.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to compare Korean and Mongol minorities in the People’s Republic of China in terms of their native language preservation and educational experiences at the higher education level,and to i...The purpose of this study is to compare Korean and Mongol minorities in the People’s Republic of China in terms of their native language preservation and educational experiences at the higher education level,and to investigate differences and similarities between Korean and Mongol minorities’language issues.Content area experts on Chinese minority education from China,South Korea,and the United States were interviewed for this study.Findings include suggestions for helping to formulate government educational policies regarding issues related to language in Chinese minority education at the higher education level.This information is helpful to better understand and educate others in school and home settings where Chinese ethnic minority students reside.The advancement of Chinese minority education knowledge related to higher education will significantly strengthen and empower individuals,families,and communities throughout the People’s Republic of China.展开更多
基金supported by National Social Science Foundation(21BZZ021).
文摘Gaokao has been considered as the gatekeeper of intergenerational class reproduction in today’s slowing social mobility in China.In order to bolster the fairness of Gaokao,the Policy of Bonus Scores for Ethnic Minority Candidates(PBSEMC)has been issued,whose,however,effectiveness in promoting upward social class has not been adequately empirically explored.The difference-in-differences(DID)analysis based on cross-sectional data,which is distinct from the traditional DID analysis paradigm,was implemented to assess the Reform of PBSEMC in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 1988.The results showed that PBSEMC had a significant and positive impact on the social classes of ethnic minorities,and gender,residence type and occupation type were also relevant to social class,aligning with the previous literature.The PBSEMC is effective in improving the social classes of ethnic minorities.However,the PBSEMC policy should be made more precise,in order to benefit the candidates who are in genuine need of assistance.
文摘On the basis of survey, students of Preparatory Ethnic Minority are not interested in English learning, and they lack language learning strategies, listening and oral abilities when they are studying English. According to theories of Second Language Acquisition, connected with teaching practice, new English Learning Model is discussed and constructed. It includes"1+2+3" curriculum model, which advocates"Student centered"teaching method and setting up optional courses so that students will at tain the set goal smoothly.
文摘The paper focuses on the connotation of ethnic culture elements of college English education for Three Minority Nations in Inner Mongolia and comprehensive and scientific explanation for Three Minority Nations. Corresponding solutions were proposed from the aspects of teachers, teaching materials, curriculum and so on and feasible suggestions were put forward for nationality culture building by the English education of Three Minority Nations in Inner Mongolia on this basis.
基金the National Philosophy Social Science Planning Leading Office in China who supported the National Fund Projects of Social Sciences titled“Difference Research on Demand for Higher Education by Ethnic Minority Students:A Case Study of 25 Indigenous Ethnic Minorities in Yunnan Province”(authorized in 2008 with the code of 08BMZ036).
文摘The level of development of higher education(HE)is an important indicator to measure the development of the social economy and the civilization of a region or country.In this article,we compare the distribution of the freshmen of ethnic minorities(EMs)with the distribution of EMs over the population,based on a sample of 1464 freshmen from 25 EMs of Yunnan Province in People's Republic of China(PRC).Although this analysis shows that access to HE is equal for some categories of EM students,it still shows that access to HE is harder for these minorities in comparison with freshmen from Han(major ethnic group comprising of 92%of the Chinese population)families.
文摘Multilingual Education Programs Regulation was adopted and the implementation of bilingual educational reform started in Georgia in 2010. The paper presents research results on readiness of non-Georgian schools to implement multilingual educational programs effectively. The research studied the important factors influencing the effectiveness of bilingual educational programs, specifically （1） type of program, （2） human resources of schools and teachers professional development, （3） bilingual education as shared vision for all school stakeholders, and （4） community and parental involvement in designing and implementation of bilingual educational programs. The following research methods were used during the research： （1） quantitative and qualitative content analysis of bilingual educational programs of 26 non-Georgian schools of Kvemo Kartli and Samtskhe-Javakheti regions of Georgia, （2） quantitative survey of non-Georgian school principals through questionnaires, and （3） quantitative survey of non-Georgian schools＇ teachers of different subjective groups through questionnaire. The study revealed that schools are implementing mostly ＂weak＂ bilingual educational programs. The schools implementing bilingual educational programs do not have sufficient human resources, bilingual education is not a shared vision for all school stakeholders and parents and community are not actively involved in designing and implementation of the programs.
基金This paper is primarily based on the findings of the Ethnic Minority Trends in Chinese Higher Education Project,which is housed at the University of Pittsburgh Institute for International Studies in Education.
文摘The purpose of this study is to compare Korean and Mongol minorities in the People’s Republic of China in terms of their native language preservation and educational experiences at the higher education level,and to investigate differences and similarities between Korean and Mongol minorities’language issues.Content area experts on Chinese minority education from China,South Korea,and the United States were interviewed for this study.Findings include suggestions for helping to formulate government educational policies regarding issues related to language in Chinese minority education at the higher education level.This information is helpful to better understand and educate others in school and home settings where Chinese ethnic minority students reside.The advancement of Chinese minority education knowledge related to higher education will significantly strengthen and empower individuals,families,and communities throughout the People’s Republic of China.
