The ethnological knowledge of mushrooms despite its millennial existence and its empirical documentation are more recent phenomena. In Africa, the knowledge of their historical uses as food, medicine, source of income...The ethnological knowledge of mushrooms despite its millennial existence and its empirical documentation are more recent phenomena. In Africa, the knowledge of their historical uses as food, medicine, source of income and small scale businesses, and the sociological impacts (myth, culture and spirituality) are apparently threatened due to slow ethnomycology research drive. The poor identification and documentation of edible and medicinal species of mushrooms in many developing nations have created some degrees of inconsistencies in their usages relative to folk medicine practice, food and mythological beliefs. Their relevance in modern day pharmaceutics and nutraceuticals is a product of human experimentation over time.Factors that may be anthropogenic, ethnographic, ethnoecological/environmental have been implicated in mushrooms underutilization and under-exploration of mushrooms in West Africa. Ethnomycological literatures on West Africa are scant, random, are limited in scope and fraught with taxonomic inconsistencies. This paper is based on extant ethnomycology treatise and aims at representing an integrative knowledge of useful mushrooms of West Africa and their uses vis-a-vis indigent cultures.展开更多
Mushrooms are an important source of food among different ethnic communities in Nepal and are widely collected during rainy season.This paper includes documentation of wild mushrooms in the vicinities of Simbhanjyang,...Mushrooms are an important source of food among different ethnic communities in Nepal and are widely collected during rainy season.This paper includes documentation of wild mushrooms in the vicinities of Simbhanjyang,Makwanpur district,central Nepal.Semi-structured open ended questionnaire and Rapid Rural Appraisal were followed to get information about edibility of wild mushrooms from local harvesters.Forty-three species of mushrooms were documented.The collected species are saprophytic,parasitic,and mycorrhizal.Ethnic communities identify edible and other useful mushroom species based on traditional knowledge transferred from their ancestors orally which was in practice and tested through generations.Edible Boletus edulis,Russula virescens and medicinal Ganoderma tsugae are some potential non-timber forest products from the study area.展开更多
Significant socio-economic,spiritual,nutritional and medicinal needs of the countrysides in Central Africa region are obtainable from macrofungi.Conversely,anthropogenic activities and climate change have led to a red...Significant socio-economic,spiritual,nutritional and medicinal needs of the countrysides in Central Africa region are obtainable from macrofungi.Conversely,anthropogenic activities and climate change have led to a reduction in the habitats of mushrooms which has led to some mushrooms becoming endangered.A dearth of information on the ecology,management and composition of mushrooms in Central Africa exists.Hence a review was systematically carried out on published mycological research outcomes from Central African countryside,to delineate the way forward.It was observed that the level of indigenous mycological knowledge was very high(>60%)in all the tribes.The highest number of edible mushrooms was from Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)(377 species),followed by Cameroon(50 species).The dataset showed that 448 edible mushrooms have been identified based on citable publications and 27 tribes/localities evaluated.Additionally the dataset showed 116 author-identified mushrooms that inhabitants did not identify and use.The most popular edible mushrooms from 79 key edible mushrooms were Russula(9 spp.),Termitomyces(8),Cantharellus(8),Plerotus(5),Amanita(5),Marasmius,Lactarius and Lactifluus(4 spp.each).The topmost consumed species were Pleurotus tuber-regium(14 out of 27 localities),Auricularia cornea(13),Cantharellus congolensis(12),Marasmius bekolacongoli(12),Schizophyllum commune(11)and Cantharellus floridulus(11).Mushrooms for mythology uses:(Phallus indusiatus and Dictyophora sp.),Mythology+food:(Termitomyces robustus),Medicinal:(Daldinia concentrica,Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma lucidum),Medicinal+food:(Polyporus dictyopus,Schizophyllum commune and Termitomyces clypeatus)and Food+mythology+medicinal:(Termitomyces microcarpus and Termitomyces titanicus).Irrefutably,these previous ethnomycological and ecological studies have scarcely made a significant impact on fungi biodiversity.展开更多
文摘The ethnological knowledge of mushrooms despite its millennial existence and its empirical documentation are more recent phenomena. In Africa, the knowledge of their historical uses as food, medicine, source of income and small scale businesses, and the sociological impacts (myth, culture and spirituality) are apparently threatened due to slow ethnomycology research drive. The poor identification and documentation of edible and medicinal species of mushrooms in many developing nations have created some degrees of inconsistencies in their usages relative to folk medicine practice, food and mythological beliefs. Their relevance in modern day pharmaceutics and nutraceuticals is a product of human experimentation over time.Factors that may be anthropogenic, ethnographic, ethnoecological/environmental have been implicated in mushrooms underutilization and under-exploration of mushrooms in West Africa. Ethnomycological literatures on West Africa are scant, random, are limited in scope and fraught with taxonomic inconsistencies. This paper is based on extant ethnomycology treatise and aims at representing an integrative knowledge of useful mushrooms of West Africa and their uses vis-a-vis indigent cultures.
文摘Mushrooms are an important source of food among different ethnic communities in Nepal and are widely collected during rainy season.This paper includes documentation of wild mushrooms in the vicinities of Simbhanjyang,Makwanpur district,central Nepal.Semi-structured open ended questionnaire and Rapid Rural Appraisal were followed to get information about edibility of wild mushrooms from local harvesters.Forty-three species of mushrooms were documented.The collected species are saprophytic,parasitic,and mycorrhizal.Ethnic communities identify edible and other useful mushroom species based on traditional knowledge transferred from their ancestors orally which was in practice and tested through generations.Edible Boletus edulis,Russula virescens and medicinal Ganoderma tsugae are some potential non-timber forest products from the study area.
文摘Significant socio-economic,spiritual,nutritional and medicinal needs of the countrysides in Central Africa region are obtainable from macrofungi.Conversely,anthropogenic activities and climate change have led to a reduction in the habitats of mushrooms which has led to some mushrooms becoming endangered.A dearth of information on the ecology,management and composition of mushrooms in Central Africa exists.Hence a review was systematically carried out on published mycological research outcomes from Central African countryside,to delineate the way forward.It was observed that the level of indigenous mycological knowledge was very high(>60%)in all the tribes.The highest number of edible mushrooms was from Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)(377 species),followed by Cameroon(50 species).The dataset showed that 448 edible mushrooms have been identified based on citable publications and 27 tribes/localities evaluated.Additionally the dataset showed 116 author-identified mushrooms that inhabitants did not identify and use.The most popular edible mushrooms from 79 key edible mushrooms were Russula(9 spp.),Termitomyces(8),Cantharellus(8),Plerotus(5),Amanita(5),Marasmius,Lactarius and Lactifluus(4 spp.each).The topmost consumed species were Pleurotus tuber-regium(14 out of 27 localities),Auricularia cornea(13),Cantharellus congolensis(12),Marasmius bekolacongoli(12),Schizophyllum commune(11)and Cantharellus floridulus(11).Mushrooms for mythology uses:(Phallus indusiatus and Dictyophora sp.),Mythology+food:(Termitomyces robustus),Medicinal:(Daldinia concentrica,Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma lucidum),Medicinal+food:(Polyporus dictyopus,Schizophyllum commune and Termitomyces clypeatus)and Food+mythology+medicinal:(Termitomyces microcarpus and Termitomyces titanicus).Irrefutably,these previous ethnomycological and ecological studies have scarcely made a significant impact on fungi biodiversity.
