Ethyl chloride was popular as an inhalant recreational drug in the 1980s.It is easily available in pharmacies as well as sold online as a topical anesthetic spray for pain relief.In recent times,its use is gaining pop...Ethyl chloride was popular as an inhalant recreational drug in the 1980s.It is easily available in pharmacies as well as sold online as a topical anesthetic spray for pain relief.In recent times,its use is gaining popularity again among the youth as an inhalant drug due to its neuro-stimulatory effects.To avoid the risks associated with use of illegal drugs,and ease of availability of ethyl chloride without restrictions,there is a rising trend to use it as a“substitute”drug of abuse.In this paper,we try to highlight to the critical care and emergency physicians that majority of these cases present with predominant neurological symptoms,with occasional involvement of the cardiovascular system.The diagnosis of ethyl chloride poisoning is primarily clinical and supportive care is the mainstay of treatment,along with subsequent counseling.Ethyl chloride abuse should be considered as a differential diagnosis in young patients presenting with predominant neurological symptoms.Alongside raising public awareness,the manufacturers and retail distributors of these products have an important role to play in reducing the risk of abuse.展开更多
Effects of nano-ceramic filler titanium oxide（TiO2） have been investigated on the ionic conductance of polymeric complexes consisting of polyvinyl chloride）（PVC）/poly（ethyl methacrylate）（PEMA）,and lithium per...Effects of nano-ceramic filler titanium oxide（TiO2） have been investigated on the ionic conductance of polymeric complexes consisting of polyvinyl chloride）（PVC）/poly（ethyl methacrylate）（PEMA）,and lithium perchlorate（LiClO4）.The composite polymer blend electrolytes were prepared by solvent casting technique.The TiO2 nanofillers were homogeneously dispersed in the polymer electrolyte matrix and exhibited excellent interconnection with PVC/PEMA/PC/UCIO4 polymer electrolyte.The addition of TiO2nanofillers improved the ionic conductivity of the polymer electrolyte to some extent when the content of TiO2 is 15 wt%.The addition of TiO2 also enhanced the thermal stability of the electrolyte.The changes in the structural and complex formation properties of the materials are studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） techniques.The scanning electron microscope image of nano-composite polymer electrolyte membrane confirms that the TiO2 nanoparticles were distributed uniformly in the polymer matrix.展开更多
文摘Ethyl chloride was popular as an inhalant recreational drug in the 1980s.It is easily available in pharmacies as well as sold online as a topical anesthetic spray for pain relief.In recent times,its use is gaining popularity again among the youth as an inhalant drug due to its neuro-stimulatory effects.To avoid the risks associated with use of illegal drugs,and ease of availability of ethyl chloride without restrictions,there is a rising trend to use it as a“substitute”drug of abuse.In this paper,we try to highlight to the critical care and emergency physicians that majority of these cases present with predominant neurological symptoms,with occasional involvement of the cardiovascular system.The diagnosis of ethyl chloride poisoning is primarily clinical and supportive care is the mainstay of treatment,along with subsequent counseling.Ethyl chloride abuse should be considered as a differential diagnosis in young patients presenting with predominant neurological symptoms.Alongside raising public awareness,the manufacturers and retail distributors of these products have an important role to play in reducing the risk of abuse.
基金the UGC,New Delhi,India for providing financial support to carry out this work
文摘Effects of nano-ceramic filler titanium oxide（TiO2） have been investigated on the ionic conductance of polymeric complexes consisting of polyvinyl chloride）（PVC）/poly（ethyl methacrylate）（PEMA）,and lithium perchlorate（LiClO4）.The composite polymer blend electrolytes were prepared by solvent casting technique.The TiO2 nanofillers were homogeneously dispersed in the polymer electrolyte matrix and exhibited excellent interconnection with PVC/PEMA/PC/UCIO4 polymer electrolyte.The addition of TiO2nanofillers improved the ionic conductivity of the polymer electrolyte to some extent when the content of TiO2 is 15 wt%.The addition of TiO2 also enhanced the thermal stability of the electrolyte.The changes in the structural and complex formation properties of the materials are studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） techniques.The scanning electron microscope image of nano-composite polymer electrolyte membrane confirms that the TiO2 nanoparticles were distributed uniformly in the polymer matrix.
