Beijing Ethylene Project Begins Production

The ethylene project jointly invested by the Beijing Municipal Government and China National Petroleum and Natural Gas Corporation is one of the state’s key projects planned for the Eight Five-Year Plan period, involving a total investment of RMB 4. 1 billion in capital construction and technical renovation. Known as the No. one project, it is the largest project ever undertaken in Beijing. The project began to be constructed in June 1992 and and is planned to be put into production by

Dushanzi Ethylene Project Put into Production

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Improvement of low temperature activity and stability of Ni catalysts with addition of Pt for hydrogen production via steam reforming of ethylene glycol

Hydrogen production by steam reforming of ethylene glycol(EG) at 300℃ was investigated over SiO2 and CeO2 supported Pt–Ni bimetallic catalysts prepared by incipient wetness impregnation methods. It was observed that impregnation sequence of Pt and Ni can affect the performance of catalysts apparently. Catalyst with Pt first and then Ni addition showed higher EG conversion and H2 yield owing to the Ni enrichment on the surface and the proper interaction between Pt and Ni. It was observed that although SiO2 supported catalysts exhibited better activity and H2 selectivity, CeO2 supported ones had better stability. This is attributed to the less coke formation on CeO2. Increasing Pt/Ni ratio enhanced the reaction activity, and Pt3–Ni7 catalysts with 3 wt% Pt and 7 wt% Ni showed the highest activity and stability. Ni surficial enrichment facilitated the C-C bond rupture and water gas shift reactions;and Pt addition inhibited methanation reaction. Electron transfer and hydrogen spillover from Pt to Ni suppressed carbon deposition. These combined effects lead to the excellent performance of Pt3–Ni7 supported catalysts.

Discrepancies between targets and achievements in industrial forest production and export in Tanzania

It is important to revisit our plans and compare what was ideally targeted against what was actually achieved in implementation. In comparing the achievements with targets, strengths or weaknesses of established strategies can be accepted or corrections implemented since a plan also outlines some strategies for achieving the targets set. In this study, achievements in production and export of industrial forest products, i.e., sawn wood, plywood, chipboard and fibreboard, paper and paperboard and industrial round wood, are compared against targeted figures for 1996 for Tanzania. Discrepancies were obtained by subtracting targeted from achieved values and expressed both as absolute and relative differences in terms of the targeted values, with a negative sign for pro- duction where achievements were less than targets and a positive sign when achievements were higher than targets. Values achieved ranged from 4%-100% of the targeted values, depending on the product, and were only higher than the targeted value for industrial round wood. Possible causes of the discrepancies are inefficiency of parastatal companies, low private investment, sub-maximal in- dustrial operation and plant inefficiencies. Discrepancies could also result from unrealistic data used in planning due to difficulty in data availability and poor intra- and inter-sectoral coordination. The implications of these discrepancies are low contributions of the wood-based industry to the national economy, increased import substitution of wood-based products, increased socio-economic and environmental degradation and decreased integrity in planning and policy making.

China Will Increase Ethylene Production Capacity Totaling Around 15 Mt/a by 2025

It is expected that by 2025 China will add a total ethylene production capacity of 12 Mt/a,and in the next decade the total ethylene capacity will reach 35―40 Mt/a.The grassroots 11 new steam cracking units slated for production by the end of 2022 are listed in the following Table.

Achievements and future work of oil and gas production engineering of CNPC

This paper summarizes the latest achievements and technological progress in oil and gas production engineering of China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC) and discusses the main four challenges faced: developing low quality resource at low oil price; keeping stable production of mature oilfields when well oil production drops year by year; low systematic efficiency, high cost, prominent environmental protection issue and short of technological strategy for high water cut ratio and high oil recovery ratio oilfields; and lacking of high level horizontal well drilling and completion technology to develop unconventional and deep reservoirs. Three technological development directions to address these challenges are put forward: developing fracture controlling stimulation and well factory to produce low quality resource economically, developing re-fracturing technology for old wells in mature oilfields, promoting the fourth generation separate layer water injection technology to stabilize the production of mature oilfields; innovating new technologies of water flooding with nano-material, injecting and producing through one well.

Ethylene Production and 1-Aminocyclopropane-l-Carboxylate （ACC） Synthase Gene Expression in Tomato （ L ycopsicon esculentum Mill.） Leaves Under Enhanced UV-B Radiation

Tomato （Lycopslcon esculentum Mill.） plants grown in a greenhouse were irradiated with two different levels of UV-B, namely 8.82 （T1） and 12.6 kJ/m^2 per day （T2）. Ethylene production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate （ACC） content, 1-（malonylamino） cyclopvopane-1-carboxylic acid （MACC） content, gene expression of ACC aynthase （EC 4.4.1.14）, and ACC oxidase activity in tomato leaves were determined. The results Indicated that ACC content, the activity of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase, and ethylene production Increased continuously under low doses of UV-B radiation, whereas at high doses of radiation these parameters Increased during the first 12 d and then started to decrease. The MACC content increased continuously over 18 d under both doses of UV-B irradiation. The changes in ACC content, ACC synthaae activity, ACC oxidase activity, the transcriptional level of the ACC synthase gene, and ethylene production were consistent with each other, suggesting that ACC synthase was the key enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis and that ethylene production in tomato leaf tissues under UV-B radiation could be regulated by the expression of the ACC synthase gene. The results also indicate that the change in ethylene metabolism may be an adaptive mechanism to enhanced UV-B radiation.

The template-assisted zinc ion incorporation in SAPO-34 and the enhanced ethylene selectivity in MTO reaction

The SAPO-34 catalyst was fine-tuned with zinc cations through a straightforward template-assisted ion incorporation (TH) process, without the necessary template pre-removal and the preparation of NH4- SAPO-34 intermediate, which is more facile, efficient and cost-effective than the conventional ion exchange process. The template-assisted zinc cations incorporated SAPO-34 catalysts were characterized by XRD, XRF, N2 adsorption-desorption, XPS, SEM, EDX,NMR, respectively. Enhanced selectivity to ethylene and ratio of ethylene to propylene in MTO reaction are observed over the zinc cations modified SAPO-34 catalysts, due to the facilitated formation of lower methylbenzenes that favour the ethylene gen eration, as well as the increased diffusion hindrance originated from the zinc cations incorporation and the facil让ated generation of aromatics compound.

Analysis in Results Production Mode of Chinese Media Type Think-Tank

Purpose/Significance:Through the analysis in the results production mode of the Chinese media type think-tank based on the media operation structure and communication platform,found there are structure and cooperation problems of spread and research line,team cooperation and transformation problem of research and spread,research production and media production positioning problem,and spread channel widening problem,this paper tries to provide a useful suggestions for the current traditional media transformation encourage the media type think tank go abroad,raise the international influence,personalize the products,make it into Boutique,become a brand and the development strategy of the new think-tank with Chinese characteristics.Methods/Processes:analysis the results production model of media-based think tank from four aspects:category,characteristics,existing problems and development trend.Results/conclusion:the achievements of Chinese media-based think tanks will follow a new development trend through the establish of cooperative innovation system,achievements make and press system of“all media tendency”,market-oriented transformation theory,brand strategy,and exerting international influence.

A SUCCESSFUL PARADIGM IN COMMERCIALIZATION OF HI-TECH ACHIEVEMENTS——Fujian Castech Crystals Inc.and its non-linear crystal products

Non-linear crystal materials BBO and LBO stand for the low-temperature phases of barium metaborate beta-BaB2O4 and lithium triborate LiB3O2. Both are hi-tech products marketed by the Fujian Castech Crystals Inc., a business entity affiliated to the CAS. The successful development of the two was honoured with a special prize, a first-grade prize and a second-grade prize of the CAS Awards for S&T Progress in 1986, 1989 and 1990 respectively. Also, they were crowned with a prize of the

Temperature effects on ethylene and methane production from temperate forest soils

Change in temperature affects the activity of soil microorganisms.However,there is limited knowledge about temperature effects on ethylene(C2H4) and methane(CH4) production from forest soils.Topsoil samples(0―5 cm) collected from different temperate forest stands(e.g.,Pinus sylvestris L.,Cryptomeria japonica,and Quercus serrata) were used to compare C2H4 and CH4 production from soils at temperature from 5 to 35℃ under oxic and anoxic conditions.The rates of C2H4 and CH4 production from soils under oxic conditions were measured by using inhibition of acetylene(C2H2) and carbon monoxide(CO).The consumption of C2H2 by soils at an initial concentration of c.250 Pa C2H2 was negligible at 5 and 15℃,but it was significantly increased at 25 and 35℃.The presence of 2 kPa CO in the headspace gases tended to decrease the consumption of C2H2 by soils at high temperature.The Q10 values for the soil C2H2 consumption ranged from 2.3 to 3.8,and there were no significant differences in Q10 values between these topsoil samples.The rate of CH4 production from each sample under oxic conditions was larger than the soil C2H4 production at 5―35℃,particularly at low temperature,and presented a smaller Q10 value.Ethylene production from soil after 1 week of anoxic incubation at 5―35℃ was larger than the soil CH4 production,and presented a larger Q10 value.However,CH4 produc-tion from Quercus serrata forest soil and its response to temperature increased significantly with in-cubation time.Long-term anoxic conditions of in situ upland forest soils are normally not prevalent,so it can be reasonably concluded that there is a larger C2H4 production rather than CH4 production under temperate forest stands due to heavy rainfall in summer.

With Respect to Academic Achievement, How Important is Class Size?

This essay will discuss how important the influence of class size is on academic achievement.

地质信息产品体系框架研究

加强地质成果产品化和产品服务化,是更好地实现地质成果价值的关键。通过开展地质信息产品基础问题研究,从产品的基本概念、产品属性、产品层次、产品分类出发,构建了地质信息产品体系框架,形成了数据、地质图、地学科普、馆藏资料、出版物、标准规范、软件、仪器设备与方法八大类产品系列及产品元数据和产品与服务的分级分类。在此基础上,以地质信息产品体系为指导,以用户多元化需求为导向,开展产品设计与开发规划,指导设计和开发针对不同层次用户的地质信息产品,以提升中国地质信息服务的精准化、规模化和高效化,助力新一轮找矿突破战略行动。

基于学生能力达成的食品生产实习形成性评价机制研究与实践

通过完善评价方式和手段,明确了评价结果与课程目标支撑的对应关系,构建了基于学生能力达成的食品生产实习课程形成性评价机制,实现了对学生课程学习全程跟踪与评估,准确地反映了学生能力达成程度和实践教学培养质量,保障了教师“教”和学生“学”的产出评价与持续改进。

基于生产托管服务的农业科技成果转化新模式探析——以安徽颍州农业社会化服务科技创新基地为例

加速农业科技创新成果转化是推进现代农业发展的主要动力,对推动乡村产业振兴具有重要现实意义。系统阐述了目前安徽省农业科技成果转化的主要模式,并综合分析了成果转化过程中存在的成果属性、转化动力、转化机制及农技推广模式等方面的问题。结合新阶段对科技创新和成果转化联动发展以及农业生产托管高质量发展的要求,提出了基于农业社会化服务的农业科技成果转化模式的理论框架,并以安徽颍州农业社会化服务科技创新基地为例,分析了农业生产托管服务在推进科技创新和促进成果高效转化方面的正向作用,阐述了农业科研院所、农技推广系统、托管组织等主体在科技创新与成果转化中的联动协作机制。提出了一条可行的农业科技成果转化新模式——基于生产托管的农业科技成果转化模式,以期为推动农业科技创新成果转化、助力农业新技术推广到位、助推乡村振兴提供参考依据。

油气企业科技创新人才价值溯源分成评估

科技创新是发展新质生产力的核心力量,而科技创新人才是创新过程中的第一要素。作为油气生产的主要参与主体,油气企业要实现高水平科技自立自强,归根结底要依靠拥有高水平创新能力的人才队伍。为了激发科技人才创新活力动力,在人才价值创造与评估现状分析的基础上,依据生产全要素视角下的科技创新价值分享理论与方法,建立了油气企业科技创新人才价值溯源分成评估方法。研究结果表明:(1)油气企业科技创新是一个系统性的复杂过程,匹配油气企业科技创新特征、具有产业适应性的人才价值评估理论与方法较少;(2)油气企业科技创新人才价值溯源分成,是以油气科技创新成果经济价值评估结果为前提对参与成果创造的团队和个人按照实际贡献进行价值追溯与量化的过程,需要通过对单项科技创新成果经济价值溯源和科技创新成果完成人价值溯源两次溯源来实现;(3)以创新成果为导向的科技创新人才价值贡献率是人才价值溯源分成的核心参数,由完成人参与度、完成人创新度、完成人贡献度为内容的综合评估指标体系共同确定。结论认为,该方法为加快建立以创新价值、业绩、贡献为导向的人才评价体系提供了参考,能够有效解决人才在油气科技创新活动中的经济价值量化问题,对推动高水平科技自立自强有现实意义。

立德树人引领创新创业教育的研究

在完善创新创业教育理论的过程中,团队发现一系列问题。立德树人的思想对培养具备社会责任感和使命感的创新创业者有积极作用,可以解决这个复杂领域中存在的矛盾与冲突。文章将多维度“思创融合”人才培养方式运用在创新创业的教学和实施中,构建多平台“立德树人”引领创新创业培养模式,将立德树人嵌入创新创业教学,打造“立德树人”创新创业校园环境。在宏观的社会大教育中,这些全新模式被运用于高等院校开设的新工科课程,并结合多元化的教学手段,大幅度增加信息传递量,紧密联系前沿发展,为学生提供全新体验,并提高他们的积极性和感性认知水平,在全方面培养能力、践行所学知识方面为他们提供了一个优良且有保障的平台。

土建类生产性实训基地综合目标达成度评价体系构建——基于德尔菲法和层次分析法的研究

为构建高职院校土建类生产性实训基地的综合目标达成度评价体系,本研究首先采用德尔菲法两轮专家咨询确定指标内容,再运用层次分析法在第三轮中确定各指标权重,最终得到包含5个一级指标、13个二级指标和33个三级指标的评价体系。一级指标按权重排序为:教学服务目标(0.449)、社会服务目标(0.298)、科研服务目标(0.092)、生产经营目标(0.083)和创新创业目标(0.077)。在二级指标权重排序的前五名中,人才培养(0.192)权重最高,其余依次为培训数量(0.129)、人才质量(0.114)、校企协同(0.105)和产品生产(0.083)。构建的评价体系,具备较强的科学依据且易于操作实施,为下一步高职院校土建类生产性实训基地的建设与发展奠定了基础。

我国乙二醇生产及市场分析预测

综述了我国乙二醇的生产和市场情况,包括产能、产量、进出口量及表观消费量等,分析预测了我国乙二醇的市场发展趋势。

能源转型下炼化行业发展趋势与企业竞争力分析

交通运输一直是世界石油需求的主要领域。由于能源转型加速、燃油效率提升,世界交通运输燃料需求将达峰值,石化原料需求将成为石油需求增长的主要动力。随着减油增化、新建乙烯等项目的推进实施,我国乙烯规模将继续高速增长,大宗基础化学品和通用合成材料规模也将大幅提升,结构性过剩压力日益增加。实施炼化结构调整,选择有竞争力的工艺流程、产品结构和工艺技术,采取节能降耗措施、加大降碳技术应用、提高低碳石化原料比例等手段已成为炼化企业高质量发展的必由之路。