Cloning and Characterization of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E (eIF4E) Gene Family in Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam) for Understanding Hexaploid Sweetpotato-Virus Interactions

Characterization of genes related to sweetpotato viral disease resistance is critical for understanding plant-pathogen interactions, especially with feathery mottle virus infection. For example, genes encoding eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF)4E, its isoforms, eIF(iso)4E, and the cap-binding protein (CBP) in plants, have been implicated in viral infections aside from their importance in protein synthesis. Full-length cDNA encoding these putative eIF targets from susceptible/resistant and unknown hexaploid sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam) were amplified based on primers designed from the diploid wild-type relative Ipomoea trifida consensus sequences, and designated IbeIF4E, IbeIF(iso)4E and IbCBP. Comparative analyses following direct-sequencing of PCR-amplified cDNAs versus the cloned cDNA sequences identified multiple homeoalleles: one to four IbeIF4E, two to three IbeIF(iso)4E, and two IbCBP within all cultivars tested. Open reading frames were in the length of 696 bp IbeIF4E, 606 bp IbeIF(iso)4E, and 675 bp IbCBP. The encoded single polypeptide lengths were 232, 202, and 225 amino acids for IbeIF4E, IbeIF(iso)4E, and IbCBP, with a calculated protein molecular mass of 26 kDa, 22.8 kDa, and 25.8 kDa, while their theoretical isoelectric points were 5.1, 5.57, and 6.6, respectively. Although the homeoalleles had similar sequence lengths, single nucleotide polymorphisms and multi-allelic variations were detected within the coding sequences. The multi-sequence alignment performed revealed a 66.9% - 96.7% sequence similarity between the predicted amino acid sequences obtained from the homeoalleles and closely related species. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis revealed ancestral relationships between the eIF4E homeoalleles and other species. The outcome herein on the eIF4E superfamily and its correlation in sequence variations suggest opportunities to decipher the role of eIF4E in hexaploid sweetpotato feathery mottle virus infection.

Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 and human digestive system neoplasms

Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2(eIF5A2),as one of the two isoforms in the family,is reported to be a novel oncogenic protein that is involved in multiple aspects of many types of human cancer.Overexpression or gene amplification of EIF5A2 has been demonstrated in many cancers.Accumulated evidence shows that eIF5A2 initiates tumor formation,enhances cancer cell growth,increases cancer cell metastasis,and promotes treatment resistance through multiple means,including inducing epithelial–mesenchymal transition,cytoskeletal rearrangement,angiogenesis,and metabolic reprogramming.Expression of eIF5A2 in cancer correlates with poor survival,advanced disease stage,as well as metastasis,suggesting that eIF5A2 function is crucial for tumor development and maintenance but not for normal tissue homeostasis.All these studies suggest that eIF5A2 is a useful biomarker in the prediction of cancer prognosis and serves as an anticancer molecular target.This review focuses on the expression,subcellular localization,post-translational modifications,and regulatory networks of eIF5A2,as well as its biochemical functions and evolving clinical applications in cancer,especially in human digestive system neoplasms.

Roles of HDAC2, eIF5, and eIF6 in Lung Cancer Tumorigenesis

Objective The expression levels of histone deacetylase 2(HDAC2),eukaryotic initiation factor 5(eIF5),and eukaryotic initiation factor 6(eIF6),and relationship between HDAC2 and eIF5 or eIF6 in lung cancer tissues were investigated,in order to charify the relationship between HDAC2 and the prognosis of lung cancer patients and its influence on the expression of eIF5 and eIF6.Methods The expression of HDAC2,eIF5,and eIF6 in lung cancer tissues was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.The expression correlation between HDAC2 and eIF5 or eIF6 was tested using a t test.The correlation between HDAC2 and eIF5 or eIF6 was analyzed using the TCGA database.The identified cells were constructed with small interfering siRNA and HDAC2 overexpression plasmid.The proliferation and migration ability of the identified cells was investigated by CCK8 and Transwell assays,respectively.Results HDAC2,eIF5,and eIF6 were overexpressed in lung cancer tissues,and HDAC2 expression level was negatively correlated with the prognosis of lung cancer patients.HDAC2 expression level was positively correlated with eIF5 and eIF6 expression levels.HDAC2 could regulate the expression of eIF5 and eIF6.The regulation of proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells by HDAC2 depended on eIF5 and eIF6.Conclusion HDAC2,eIF5,and eIF6 were closely related with lung cancer tumorigenesis,which might be potential biological markers and therapeutic targets for lung cancer.

Cloning and Expression Analysis of eIF5A Gene from Litopenaeus vannamei

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A （eIFSA） is a protein-translation initiation factor in eukaryotic cells. Recent studies found that elFSA plays an important role in regulating the processes of cellular senescence and death, environmental stress response and immune response in animal and plant cells. In the present study, a cDNA containing the complete amino acid sequence of eIFSA was obtained for the first time by sequencing the Litopenaeus vannamei cDNA library, which contained a 474 bp long open reading frame encoding 157 amino acids, with the predicted molecular weight of about 17. 257 ku and theoretical isoelectric point of 5.06. Comparison analysis showed that the amino acid sequence of elFSA gene in L vannamei shared relatively high homology with that in other species. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR results indicated that the mRNA expression of elFSA gene in different tissues of L. vannamei exhibited no significant difference. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis of L. vannamei hepatopancreas infected with WSSV, TSV and IHHNV showed that the mRNA levels of elFSA gene was re- spectively significantly increased, which was 2.2, 2.5 and 1.6 times of that in control group, indicating that eIFSA may be involved in the antiviral immune response of L. vannamei.

miR-3064-5p对前列腺癌PC3细胞的作用及相关机制

目的探讨miR-3064-5p在前列腺癌(PCa)细胞增殖和转移中的作用和潜在机制。方法利用qRT-PCR检测前列腺正常上皮细胞及PCa细胞中miR-3064-5p的表达。脂质体法将阴性对照(mimic nc)及miR-3064-5p模拟物(miR-3064-5p mimic)分别转染入PCa细胞PC3中,细胞克隆形成、MTT实验、划痕愈合、Transwell实验分别检测PC3细胞增殖和迁移侵袭能力,双荧光素酶基因报告法检测miR-3064-5p与真核翻译起始因子5(EIF5)的靶向关系,Western blot检测各组细胞EIF5的表达。结果与正常前列腺上皮细胞相比,PCa细胞中miR-3064-5p的表达降低(P<0.01);过表达miR-3064-5p可抑制PC3细胞的增殖和转移(P均<0.05);生物信息学分析显示,EIF5是miR-3064-5p的一个潜在作用靶点,双荧光素酶报告法证实miR-3064-5p与EIF5基因间存在结合位点,且过表达miR-3064-5p可降低PC3细胞中EIF5的蛋白表达。结论miR-3064-5p在PCa细胞中低表达,其可能通过靶向调控EIF5基因的表达抑制PCa细胞的增殖和转移。

鼠源eIF4A1基因克隆及其原核/真核表达鉴定

【目的】克隆昆明小鼠真核生物翻译起始因子4A1基因(eIF4A1)并构建其原核/真核表达载体,探究其结构和生物学特性,为在体内外鉴定eIF4A1互作蛋白网络打下基础。【方法】以昆明小鼠脑组织总RNA反转录合成的cDNA为模板,PCR扩增鼠源eIF4A1基因编码区(CDS)序列,然后克隆到pGEX-4T-1和pcDNA3.0载体上分别构建原核/真核表达载体;利用大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞对原核表达载体进行诱导表达、纯化及鉴定;同时以真核表达载体转染HEK-293T细胞,通过Western blotting和间接免疫荧光(IFA)检测eIF4A1蛋白在HEK-293T细胞内的表达及分布情况;并以ProtParam、ProtScale、TMHMM-2.0、SignalP-5.0、SOPMA和SWISS-MODEL等在线软件对鼠源eIF4A1蛋白进行生物学信息分析。【结果】鼠源eIF4A1基因CDS序列长1221 bp,克隆到pGEX-4T-1载体能成功构建原核表达载体pGEX-4T-eIF4A1-Flag,在25和30℃下经0.5 mmol/L IPTG诱导均能大量表达出融合蛋白eIF4A1-Flag,且主要以包涵体形式存在。将鼠源eIF4A1基因克隆至pcDNA3.0载体成功构建获得真核表达载体pcDNA3.0-eIF4A1-Flag,以其转染HEK-293T细胞后,eIF4A1蛋白在HEK-293T细胞中成功表达,且主要分布在细胞质中。生物信息学分析结果表明,eIF4A1蛋白相对分子量为46.15408 kD,理论等电点(pI)为5.267,含有407个氨基酸残基;属于不稳定的亲水性非分泌蛋白,无跨膜结构,也没有信号肽,其二级结构以α-螺旋和无规则卷曲为主。鼠源eIF4A1蛋白的主要互作蛋白有10个,除eIFs家族蛋白外,还包括Paip1和Pdcd4互作蛋白。【结论】eIF4A1主要是分布在细胞质,为不稳定的亲水性非分泌蛋白,无跨膜结构和信号肽,通过构建原核/真核表达载体表达获得的融合蛋白eIF4A1-Flag可用于筛选和鉴定eIF4A1互作蛋白,为深入探究eIFs的结构及生物学功能提供技术支持。

精氨酸甲基转移酶抑制剂1通过下调蛋白质精氨酸甲基转移酶5表达抑制肝细胞癌生长

目的:探讨精氨酸甲基转移酶抑制剂1(AMI-1)通过抑制蛋白质精氨酸甲基转移酶5(PRMT5)对肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721和BEL-7402的抗肿瘤作用。方法:以含有AMI-1(终浓度0.6,1.2,2.4 mmol·L^(-1))的培养基培养SMMC-7721和BEL-7402细胞后,CCK-8试剂盒检测细胞增殖率;菌落形成实验检测细胞菌落形成情况;裸鼠模型肿瘤形成实验评估体内肿瘤生长;流式细胞术分析细胞周期分布。结果:与人正常肝细胞系LO2相比,人肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721和BEL-7402中RPMT5、真核起始因子4E(eIF4E)、细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)蛋白表达均显著增加(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,AMI-1处理组细胞增殖率、集落形成数量、肿瘤体积、肿瘤重量均显著降低,G0/G1期DNA含量均显著增加,RPMT5、eIF4E、cyclin D1蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。随着AMI-1浓度的增加,各指标差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:AMI-1可能通过抑制PRMT5和eIF4E的表达,引起细胞周期G0/G1期阻滞,从而抑制肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721和BEL-7402体内和体外生长,发挥抗肿瘤形成作用。

Crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of the ε subunit of human translation initiation factor eIF2B

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B,the guanine nucleotide exchange factor(GEF)for eIF2,catalyzes conversion of eIF2·GDP to eIF2·GTP.The eIF2B is composed of five subunits,α,β,γ,δandε,within which theεsubunit is responsible for catalyzing the guanine exchange reaction.Here we present the crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of human eIF2Bε(eIF2Bε-CTD)at 2.0-Åresolution.The structure resembles a HEAT motif and three charge-rich areas on its surface can be identified.When compared to yeast eIF2Bε-CTD,one area involves highly conserved AA boxes while the other two are only partially conserved.In addition,the previously reported mutations in human eIF2Bε-CTD,which are related to the loss of the GEF activity and human VWM disease,have been discussed.Based on the structure,most of such mutations tend to destabilize the HEAT motif.

Different Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2Be Mutations Lead to Various Degrees of Intolerance to the Stress of Endoplasmic Reticulum in Oligodendrocytes

Vanishing white matter disease （VWM）, a human atitosomal recessive inherited leukoencephalopathy, is due to mutations in eukaryotic initiation factor 2B （elF2B）. elF2B is responsible for tile initiation of protein synthesis by its guanine nucleotide exchange lhctor （GEF） activity. Mutations ofelF2B impair GEF activity at different degree. Previous studies implied improperly activated unlblded protein response （UPR） and endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS） participated in the pathogenesis ofVWM. Autophagy relieves endoplasmic reticulum load by eliminating the unfolded protein. It is still unknown the effects of genotypes on the pathogenesis. In this work, UPR and autophagy flux were analyzed with different mutational types. Methods： ERS tolerance, reflected by apoptosis and cell viability, was detected in human oligodendrocyte cell line transfected with the wild type, or different mutations of p. Argl 13 His, p. Arg269＊ or p. Ser610-Asp613del in el F2 Be. A representative U PR-PERK component of activating transcription lhctor 4 （ATF4） was measured under the basal condition and ERS induction. Autophagy was analyzed the flux in the presence of lysosomal inhibitors. Results： The degree of ERS tolerance varied in different genotypes. The truncated or deletion mutant showed prominent apoptosis cell viability declination after ERS induction. The most seriously damaged GEF activity ofp. Arg269＊ group underwent spontaneous apoptosis. The truncated or deletion mutant showed elevated ATF4 under basal as well as ERS condition. Decreased expression of LC3-1 and LC3-11 in the mutants reflected an impaired autophagy flux, which was more obvious in the truncated or deletion mutants alter ERS induction. Conclusions： GEF activities in dilt;erent genotypes could influence the cell ERS tolerance as well as compensatory pathways of UPR and autophagy. Oligodendrocytes with truncated or deletion inutants showed less tolerable to ERS.

Down-regulation of eIF5A-2 prevents epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small-cell lung cancer cells

Background:Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) is believed to be the critical process in malignant tumor invasion and metastases,and has a great influence on improving the survival rate in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients.Recent studies suggested that eukaryotic initiation factor 5A-2(eIF5A-2) might serve as an adverse prognostic marker of survival.We detected eIF5A-2 in NSCLC A549 cells,and found that the invasive capability correlates with the eIF5A-2 expression.Methods:Transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 was used to induce EMT in A549 cells.Western blotting,immunofluorescence,wound healing assay,and transwell-matrigel invasion chambers were used to identify phenotype changes.Western blotting was also used to observe changes of the expression of eIF5A-2.We down-regulated the eIF5A-2 expression using an eIF5A-2 siRNA and identified the phenotype changes by western blotting and immunofluorescence.We tested the change of migration and invasion capabilities of A549 cells by the wound healing assay and transwell-matrigel invasion chambers.Results:After stimulating with TGF-β1,almost all A549 cells changed to the mesenchymal phenotype and acquired more migration and invasion capabilities.These cells also had higher eIF5A-2 protein expression.Down-regulation of eIF5A-2 expression with eIF5A-2 siRNA transfection could change the cells from mesenchymal to epithelial phenotype and decrease tumor cell migration and invasive capabilities significantly.Conclusions:The expression of eIF5A-2 was up-regulated following EMT phenotype changes in A549 cells,which correlated with enhanced tumor invasion and metastatic capabilities.Furthermore,in the A549 cell line,the process of EMT phenotype change could be reversed by eIF5A-2 siRNA,with a consequent weakening of both invasive and metastatic capabilities.

胃癌患者HPV16感染对癌组织基因EIF5 A2表达的影响

目的 研究胃癌患者人乳头瘤病毒16(HPV 16)感染情况及其对癌组织真核翻译起始因子5 A2(EIF5 A2)表达的影响。方法 选取2018年3月-2021年3月枝江市人民医院接受手术治疗的胃癌患者147例为样本进行横断面研究,采集患者基本资料并取胃癌病理标本分别检测病理特征、HPV 16阳性率、HPV载量以及EIF5 A2表达水平,根据是否合并HPV 16感染将患者分为HPV组和非HPV组,比较两组检测结果并分析EIF5 A2表达水平与HPV 16感染的关系。结果 147例胃癌患者合并HPV 16感染82例(55.78%),其中HPV组年龄高于非HPV组(P<0.05);HPV组肿瘤直径、Lauren分型弥漫型、浸润深度、分化程度和EIF5 A2表达水平与非HPV组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着HPV 16载量增加,EIF5 A2表达水平呈上升趋势,其中样本相对发光单位(RLU)/标准阳性对照临界值(CO)100~1 000和RLU/CO>1 000的患者EIF5 A2表达水平高于RLU/CO<1和RLU/CO 1~100的患者,同时RLU/CO>1 000的患者EIF5 A2表达水平高于RLU/CO 100~1 000的患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);线性回归分析显示,肿瘤直径和HPV 16载量为胃癌患者EIF5 A2表达水平升高的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 胃癌患者HPV 16感染率较高,且HPV 16感染与肿瘤生长、浸润和分型均存在密切联系,其作用机制可能与HPV 16感染可促进EIF5 A2蛋白表达水平升高有关。

EIF5 A2表达与胃癌术后化疗患者预后的相关性

[目的]研究真核翻译起始因子5A2(Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2,EIF5A2)在胃癌组织的表达水平及其与胃癌根治术后化疗患者预后的相关性。[方法]连续收集102例胃癌患者的临床病理资料;所有患者均接受了胃癌根治术及卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂术后辅助化疗。采用免疫组织化学法检测EIF5A2在胃癌组织中的表达,Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,Cox比例风险模型进行生存分析。[结果]102例胃癌患者中,有39例胃癌组织EIF5A2高表达。EIF5A2的表达水平与患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、分化程度、脉管癌栓、病理学T分期和病理学N分期等均无明显相关性(均P>0.05)。EIF5A2高表达患者的5年无瘤生存率及5年总生存率均为25.6%,明显低于EIF5A2低表达患者的46.0%和47.6%(分别为P=0.007和P=0.014)。Cox模型分析调整性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、分化程度、脉管癌栓、病理学N分期后,结果显示:EIF5A2是胃癌术后化疗患者无瘤生存时间(HR=1.940,95%CI:1.163~3.237,P=0.011)及总生存时间的独立危险因素(HR=1.745,95%CI:1.050~2.900,P=0.032)。[结论]EIF5A2高表达是胃癌根治术后化疗患者预后不良的独立危险因素。

Identifcation of the Phosphorylated Residues in TveIF5A by Mass Spectrometry

The initiation factor elF5A in Trichomonas vaginalis （TvelF5A） is previously shown to undergo hypusination, phosphorylation and glycosylation. Three different pI isoforms of TvelF5A have been reported. The most acidic isoform （pI 5.2） corresponds to the precursor TvelF5A, whereas the mature TvelF5A appears to be the most basic isoform （pI 5.5）. In addition, the intermediary isoform （pI 5.3） is found only under polyamine-depleted conditions and restored with exogenous putrescine. We propose that differences in PI are due to phosphorylation of the TvelF5A isoforms. Here, we have identified phosphorylation sites using mass spectrometry. The mature TvelF5A contains four phosphorylated residues （$3, T55, T78 and T82）. Phosphorylation at $3 and T82 is also identified in the intermediary TvelF5A, while no phosphorylated residues are found in the precursor TvelF5A. It has been demonstrated that elF5A proteins from plants and yeast are phosphorylated by a casein kinase 2 （CK2）. Interestingly, a gene encoding a protein highly similar to CK2 （TvCK2） is found in T. vaginalis, which might be involved in the phosphorylation of TvelF5A in T. vaginalis.

真核翻译起始因子5A在热疗抗恶性肿瘤中的作用机制研究进展

近年来,热疗作为一种治疗恶性肿瘤的方法,已被广泛应用于临床。热疗能有效防止恶性肿瘤的复发、转移,提高肿瘤患者的生存质量,延长患者的生存期,但热疗抗肿瘤的具体机制尚不清楚。为探讨热疗在治疗恶性肿瘤中的作用及机制,笔者整理总结并综述近几年有关热疗与真核细胞翻译起始因子5A(e IF5A)的研究,结果显示,e IF5A在结直肠癌、胃癌等多种恶性肿瘤中表达较高,并具有促进肿瘤细胞增殖、侵袭转移的作用,经热疗处理后胃癌细胞及结肠癌细胞中的e IF5A水平均有不同程度下降,表明e IF5A可能在热疗治疗恶性肿瘤中起了重要作用。

Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism of New Maixian Powder on DSS-induced UC Rats

[Objectives] To study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of New Maixian Powder on ulcerative colitis( UC) rats through observing its regulatory effect on the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase( PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2α( e IF-2α)/nuclear transcription factor-kappa B( NF-κB) signaling pathway. [Methods]First,60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,mesalazine group,and New Maixian Powder low,medium and high dose groups,10 rats each group. Then,dextran sulfate sodium( DSS) was used to induce UC rats. The mesalazine group was given 0. 42 g/( kg·d) of mesalazine sustained-release granule suspension,New Maixian Powder low,medium and high dose groups were given 1. 5,3,and 6 g/( kg·d) of New Maixian Powder suspension,respectively,and other groups were given an equal volume of physiological saline,continuous intragastric administration for 14 d. Next,the disease activity index( DAI) of UC rats was evaluated; the expression of NF-κB in serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA); the expression of PERK and e IF-2α protein and m RNA in colon tissue was detected by Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction( RT q-PCR). [Results] Compared with the normal group,the DAI score and serum NF-κB level in the model group were significantly higher( P < 0. 05),and PERK and e IF-2α protein and m RNA levels in the colon tissue were increased( P < 0. 05); compared with the model group,the DAI score decreased and serum NF-κB level declined in the New Maixian Powder group,and the expression of PERK and e IF-2α protein and m RNA in New Maixian Powder medium dose and high dose groups declined( P < 0. 05). [Conclusions]New Maixian Powder has good therapeutic effect on UC rats,and its mechanism may be connected with the inhibition of the activation of PERK/e IF-2α/NF-κB signaling pathway.

eIF-4E和MMP9在子宫内膜癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨真核翻译起始因子4E(e IF-4E)和基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP9)在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法:应用免疫组化法检测e IF-4E和MMP9在16例正常子宫内膜组织、10例增生子宫内膜组织及42例子宫内膜癌组织中的表达,分析其与子宫内膜癌临床病理之间的关系,并研究二者的相关性。结果:e IF-4E与MMP9在三组组织中的表达阳性率逐渐增加,三组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两两比较,正常内膜和内膜癌之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.0167)。e IF-4E和MMP9的表达与子宫内膜癌的FIGO分期、组织学分级及淋巴结转移具有显著相关性(P<0.05);子宫内膜癌组织中e IF-4E与MMP9的阳性表达呈正相关(r=0.717,P<0.05)。结论:e IF-4E和MMP9在子宫内膜癌组织中表达显著上调,随FIGO分期的增加、组织学分级的增高及有淋巴结转移而增高,可能与子宫内膜癌的发生发展相关,二者的联合检测对于评估子宫内膜癌患者的病情及预后有重要的参考意义。

新麦纤散对DSS诱导UC大鼠的治疗作用及机制分析

目的：观察新麦纤散对溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis,UC）大鼠蛋白激酶R样内质网激酶（PERK）/真核翻译起始因子-2α（eIF-2α）/核转录因子-κB（NF-κB）信号通路的调控作用,探究其对UC的疗效和作用机制。方法：将60只SD大鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、美沙拉嗪组、新麦纤散低、中、高剂量组,每组10只,采用葡聚糖硫酸钠（dextran sulfate sodium,DSS）成功诱导UC模型后,美沙拉嗪组给予美沙拉嗪缓释颗粒混悬液0.42 g·kg^（-1）·d^（-1）,新麦纤散低、中、高剂量组分别给予新麦纤散混悬液1.5,3,6 g·kg^（-1）·d^（-1）,其余组给予等体积生理盐水,连续灌胃14 d。评估UC大鼠疾病活动指数（DAI）,酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测血清NF-κB表达水平,蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blot）和实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应法（Real-time PCR）分别观察结肠组织PERK,eIF-2α蛋白和mRNA的表达。结果：与正常组比较,模型组DAI评分和血清NF-κB水平显著升高（P〈0.05）,结肠组织PERK,eIF-2α蛋白和mRNA水平均升高（P〈0.05）;与模型组比较,新麦纤散组DAI评分减少,血清NF-κB水平降低（P〈0.05）,新麦纤散中、高剂量组PERK,eIF-2α蛋白和mRNA的表达均降低（P〈0.05）。结论：新麦纤散对UC大鼠有较好的疗效,其作用机制可能与抑制PERK/eIF-2α/NF-κB信号通路的激活有关。