To select the suitable plant species controlling Eupatorium adenophorum in hilly area, ecological adaptability, competitiveness and control efficacy of many replacement plants with economic value in Guizhou Province o...To select the suitable plant species controlling Eupatorium adenophorum in hilly area, ecological adaptability, competitiveness and control efficacy of many replacement plants with economic value in Guizhou Province of China were studied. The results showed that the coverage of paspalum wetsfeteini and Dolichos lablab were 100% and 93%, which increased by 3.70 and 3.44 times compared with Lolium perenne, respectively; their relative crowding coefficient with E. adenophorum were 7.09 and 22.78, which increased by 2.43 and 7.80 times compared with L perenroe, respectively. Using excavation method, the control efficacies of replacement plants were 99.3 % and 96.9%, respectively, while the control efficacy of replacement plants using mowing method was lower than 66.4%. The overwintering rate of P. wetsfeteini in the following year was 95% ; its coverage was still 100% and its control efficacy against E. adenophorum remained over 99%. D. lablab was difficult to survive the winter in the north region beyond 26.2°N, so it could only be applied as annual replacement plant. The coverage of Setaria anceps, Cajanus cajan and other test plants were less than 90%, with poor control efficacy against E. adenophorum.展开更多
A new sequiterpenoid compound 8aa-hydroxy-l-isopropyl-4,7-dimethyl-l,2,3,4,6,8a-hexahydro-naphthalene-2,6- dione （1）, together with seven known compounds anti-HH-dimer-coumarin （2）, （-）-5-exo-hydroxy-borneol （3...A new sequiterpenoid compound 8aa-hydroxy-l-isopropyl-4,7-dimethyl-l,2,3,4,6,8a-hexahydro-naphthalene-2,6- dione （1）, together with seven known compounds anti-HH-dimer-coumarin （2）, （-）-5-exo-hydroxy-borneol （3）, O-hydroxyl cinnamic acid （4）, 9β-hydroxy-ageraphorone （5）, 10Hα-9-oxo-ageraphorone （6）, 10Hβ-9-oxo- ageraphorone （7） and 9-oxo-10,11-dehydroageraphorone 8, was isolated from the leaves of Eupatorium adenopho- rum Spreng. The structures were elucidated by IR, ^1H and ^13C NMR, EIMS, HMBC and single-crystal X-ray spectral data.展开更多
紫茎泽兰是目前我国危害最为严重的外来人侵杂草,入侵后对我国西南地区农业、畜牧业以及生态环境造成严重的破坏。通过田间试验评估了不同除草剂对不同生育期紫茎泽兰的防治效果以及对紫茎泽兰开花结实的影响,筛选出系列即保证不完全杀...紫茎泽兰是目前我国危害最为严重的外来人侵杂草,入侵后对我国西南地区农业、畜牧业以及生态环境造成严重的破坏。通过田间试验评估了不同除草剂对不同生育期紫茎泽兰的防治效果以及对紫茎泽兰开花结实的影响,筛选出系列即保证不完全杀死紫茎泽兰,又能有效抑制紫茎泽兰开花结实化学药剂,即达到了控制紫茎泽兰的种群密度,又能有效的减少紫茎泽兰种子孕藏量,防止其蔓延扩散。研究结果表明克芜踪、草胺膦、氨氯吡啶酸和盖灌能可有效的防除紫茎泽兰,其中克芜踪、草胺膦药效作用快,持效期相对短,而氨氯吡啶酸和盖灌能在施药360 d后药效仍能维持在90%以上。甲嘧磺隆315~630g hm-2和苯嘧磺草胺157.5 g hm-2药后90 d密度防效也都在50%以上。使阔得对紫茎泽兰的防治效果不太理想,二甲四氯基本无效。通过比较这8种除草剂可以看出,采用苯嘧磺草胺157.5 g hm-2、甲嘧磺隆315~630 g hm-2即能有效的抑制紫茎泽兰的开花结实,又能很好的控制紫茎泽兰的发生密度。在紫茎泽兰的重灾和扩散蔓延区,使用这两种药剂能够发挥较好的生态调控的效果。此外除草剂在紫茎泽兰营养生长期药效要优于生殖生长期。展开更多
以采集于紫茎泽兰(E up a torium ad enophorum Spreng.)危害较为严重的云南、广西、贵州、四川以及澳大利亚共17个种群的紫茎泽兰为实验材料,采用人工模拟气候法、模糊数学中隶属函数法(测定了净光合速率、M DA、叶绿素荧光)比较了不...以采集于紫茎泽兰(E up a torium ad enophorum Spreng.)危害较为严重的云南、广西、贵州、四川以及澳大利亚共17个种群的紫茎泽兰为实验材料,采用人工模拟气候法、模糊数学中隶属函数法(测定了净光合速率、M DA、叶绿素荧光)比较了不同种群紫茎泽兰耐热性.结果表明,高温处理后云南元江与其它种群相比热害指数最低、隶属函数值较高,最为耐热,其次为元谋种群;而云南大理种群热害指数较高,隶属函数均值也较低,其次为广西隆林.说明元江、元谋种群较为耐热,而隆林、大理种群则较为敏感.结合其生境来看,恶性杂草紫茎泽兰种群之间的这种差异性反映了其对入侵地环境的适应性.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest"Research and Demonstration of Comprehensive Prevention Technology against Invasive Plants"(201103027)
文摘To select the suitable plant species controlling Eupatorium adenophorum in hilly area, ecological adaptability, competitiveness and control efficacy of many replacement plants with economic value in Guizhou Province of China were studied. The results showed that the coverage of paspalum wetsfeteini and Dolichos lablab were 100% and 93%, which increased by 3.70 and 3.44 times compared with Lolium perenne, respectively; their relative crowding coefficient with E. adenophorum were 7.09 and 22.78, which increased by 2.43 and 7.80 times compared with L perenroe, respectively. Using excavation method, the control efficacies of replacement plants were 99.3 % and 96.9%, respectively, while the control efficacy of replacement plants using mowing method was lower than 66.4%. The overwintering rate of P. wetsfeteini in the following year was 95% ; its coverage was still 100% and its control efficacy against E. adenophorum remained over 99%. D. lablab was difficult to survive the winter in the north region beyond 26.2°N, so it could only be applied as annual replacement plant. The coverage of Setaria anceps, Cajanus cajan and other test plants were less than 90%, with poor control efficacy against E. adenophorum.
基金Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 20372010）, Trans-Century Training Program Foundation for the Talents, Ministry of Education of China and Important technical research in agricultural structure regulation of agricultural department （No. 2003-11-04A）.
文摘A new sequiterpenoid compound 8aa-hydroxy-l-isopropyl-4,7-dimethyl-l,2,3,4,6,8a-hexahydro-naphthalene-2,6- dione （1）, together with seven known compounds anti-HH-dimer-coumarin （2）, （-）-5-exo-hydroxy-borneol （3）, O-hydroxyl cinnamic acid （4）, 9β-hydroxy-ageraphorone （5）, 10Hα-9-oxo-ageraphorone （6）, 10Hβ-9-oxo- ageraphorone （7） and 9-oxo-10,11-dehydroageraphorone 8, was isolated from the leaves of Eupatorium adenopho- rum Spreng. The structures were elucidated by IR, ^1H and ^13C NMR, EIMS, HMBC and single-crystal X-ray spectral data.
文摘紫茎泽兰是目前我国危害最为严重的外来人侵杂草,入侵后对我国西南地区农业、畜牧业以及生态环境造成严重的破坏。通过田间试验评估了不同除草剂对不同生育期紫茎泽兰的防治效果以及对紫茎泽兰开花结实的影响,筛选出系列即保证不完全杀死紫茎泽兰,又能有效抑制紫茎泽兰开花结实化学药剂,即达到了控制紫茎泽兰的种群密度,又能有效的减少紫茎泽兰种子孕藏量,防止其蔓延扩散。研究结果表明克芜踪、草胺膦、氨氯吡啶酸和盖灌能可有效的防除紫茎泽兰,其中克芜踪、草胺膦药效作用快,持效期相对短,而氨氯吡啶酸和盖灌能在施药360 d后药效仍能维持在90%以上。甲嘧磺隆315~630g hm-2和苯嘧磺草胺157.5 g hm-2药后90 d密度防效也都在50%以上。使阔得对紫茎泽兰的防治效果不太理想,二甲四氯基本无效。通过比较这8种除草剂可以看出,采用苯嘧磺草胺157.5 g hm-2、甲嘧磺隆315~630 g hm-2即能有效的抑制紫茎泽兰的开花结实,又能很好的控制紫茎泽兰的发生密度。在紫茎泽兰的重灾和扩散蔓延区,使用这两种药剂能够发挥较好的生态调控的效果。此外除草剂在紫茎泽兰营养生长期药效要优于生殖生长期。
文摘以采集于紫茎泽兰(E up a torium ad enophorum Spreng.)危害较为严重的云南、广西、贵州、四川以及澳大利亚共17个种群的紫茎泽兰为实验材料,采用人工模拟气候法、模糊数学中隶属函数法(测定了净光合速率、M DA、叶绿素荧光)比较了不同种群紫茎泽兰耐热性.结果表明,高温处理后云南元江与其它种群相比热害指数最低、隶属函数值较高,最为耐热,其次为元谋种群;而云南大理种群热害指数较高,隶属函数均值也较低,其次为广西隆林.说明元江、元谋种群较为耐热,而隆林、大理种群则较为敏感.结合其生境来看,恶性杂草紫茎泽兰种群之间的这种差异性反映了其对入侵地环境的适应性.
