利用1979~2013年NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料及NOAA研究中心的CMAP（CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation）月平均降水资料,通过定义欧亚—北太平洋间大气质量迁移指数IMAMEP,分析了春季欧亚—北太平洋上空大气质量迁移（MAMEP,Migrati...利用1979~2013年NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料及NOAA研究中心的CMAP（CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation）月平均降水资料,通过定义欧亚—北太平洋间大气质量迁移指数IMAMEP,分析了春季欧亚—北太平洋上空大气质量迁移（MAMEP,Migration of Atmospheric Mass over Regions between Eurasia and North Pacific）的年际变化规律及其与同期中国气候异常的联系。结果表明：在北半球中高纬度存在一个纬向分布的欧亚—北太平洋遥相关型,且其可能对中国同期气候异常的形成具有重要影响。春季MAMEP指数具有显著的长期趋势,同时还具有2~4年及5~7年的振荡周期及明显的年代际变化特征。垂直环流和波动运动对欧亚—北太平洋间大气质量迁移具有重要作用。大气质量在欧亚西部低层异常辐合,高层异常辐散,在中、西太平洋地区低层异常辐散,高层异常辐合,在纬向上构成了顺时针的垂直环流圈,将西北太平洋地区的大气质量变动与欧亚大陆上空的变动联系了起来。另外,来自西欧大陆的波扰能量可传播至北太平洋,有利于这些区域上空位势高度异常扰动的维持。IMAMEP与春季同期降水及地表气温异常关系密切。IMAMEP为正时,东亚以北地区、鄂霍次克海西岸以及西欧沿岸降水显著减少,欧亚西部及我国华北地区降水显著增加。850 h Pa上西伯利亚受反气旋式环流控制,太平洋上空受气旋式环流控制,引起欧亚大陆北部地表显著增温,西伯利亚以东、我国东北、华北—江淮地区及韩国、日本南部地表显著降温。西欧—我国西北部分地区大面积显著降温现象与这两个地区受异常反气旋东侧的偏北气流影响有关。这些结果有利于人们更深刻认识区域春季气候异常形成机理。展开更多
Based on the known climatic shift that occurred in 1976, we divide the present study period into two epochs： epoch-I, for 1958 1976; and epoch-II, for 1977-2002. Using ERA-40 and the 20th century reanalysis data, we ...Based on the known climatic shift that occurred in 1976, we divide the present study period into two epochs： epoch-I, for 1958 1976; and epoch-II, for 1977-2002. Using ERA-40 and the 20th century reanalysis data, we in- vestigate the interdecadal change in the Eurasia-Pacific anti-phase relation （EPAR） pattern of atmospheric mass （AM） during boreal winter before and after 1976. It is found that anomalous AM over lands is highly and negatively correlated with anomalous AM over oceans in the Northern Hemisphere during the winter season. This correlation does not change much from epoch-I to epoch-II. However, the correlation pattern of surface air pressure anomalies with variations of anomalous AM over lands changes remarkably from epoch-I to epoch-lI; the EPAR pattern emerges evidently in the later period, whereas it is not significant in epoch-I. The occurrence of the EPAR pattern in epoch-II may be attributable to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO）. The PDO may modulate the EPAR pattern in two ways. Firstly, the interdecadal component of the PDO as a background may modulate the intensities of the Aleut- ian low, East Asian trough, and westerly flow, acting as a waveguide during the warm phase （epoch-Ⅱ） of the PDO. Secondly, the interannual variations of sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Pacific, in association with the PDO, may affect the interannual variations of AM, which facilitates the existence of the EPAR pattern in epoch-Ⅱ only. With the teleconnection pattern having changed before and after 1976, winter climate anomalies, including rain- fall and temperature, are found to be different in many regions in the Northern Hemisphere between epoch-I and epoch-Ⅱ. All the results of the present work are meaningful for a better understanding of climate anomalies during boreal winter.展开更多
文摘利用1979~2013年NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料及NOAA研究中心的CMAP（CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation）月平均降水资料,通过定义欧亚—北太平洋间大气质量迁移指数IMAMEP,分析了春季欧亚—北太平洋上空大气质量迁移（MAMEP,Migration of Atmospheric Mass over Regions between Eurasia and North Pacific）的年际变化规律及其与同期中国气候异常的联系。结果表明：在北半球中高纬度存在一个纬向分布的欧亚—北太平洋遥相关型,且其可能对中国同期气候异常的形成具有重要影响。春季MAMEP指数具有显著的长期趋势,同时还具有2~4年及5~7年的振荡周期及明显的年代际变化特征。垂直环流和波动运动对欧亚—北太平洋间大气质量迁移具有重要作用。大气质量在欧亚西部低层异常辐合,高层异常辐散,在中、西太平洋地区低层异常辐散,高层异常辐合,在纬向上构成了顺时针的垂直环流圈,将西北太平洋地区的大气质量变动与欧亚大陆上空的变动联系了起来。另外,来自西欧大陆的波扰能量可传播至北太平洋,有利于这些区域上空位势高度异常扰动的维持。IMAMEP与春季同期降水及地表气温异常关系密切。IMAMEP为正时,东亚以北地区、鄂霍次克海西岸以及西欧沿岸降水显著减少,欧亚西部及我国华北地区降水显著增加。850 h Pa上西伯利亚受反气旋式环流控制,太平洋上空受气旋式环流控制,引起欧亚大陆北部地表显著增温,西伯利亚以东、我国东北、华北—江淮地区及韩国、日本南部地表显著降温。西欧—我国西北部分地区大面积显著降温现象与这两个地区受异常反气旋东侧的偏北气流影响有关。这些结果有利于人们更深刻认识区域春季气候异常形成机理。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41175062)National Basic Research and Development(973)Program of China(2012CB417202)+1 种基金Priority Academic Program Development Project of Jiangsu Provincethe Creative Program of Science&Technology of Jiangsu(KYZZ_0239)
文摘Based on the known climatic shift that occurred in 1976, we divide the present study period into two epochs： epoch-I, for 1958 1976; and epoch-II, for 1977-2002. Using ERA-40 and the 20th century reanalysis data, we in- vestigate the interdecadal change in the Eurasia-Pacific anti-phase relation （EPAR） pattern of atmospheric mass （AM） during boreal winter before and after 1976. It is found that anomalous AM over lands is highly and negatively correlated with anomalous AM over oceans in the Northern Hemisphere during the winter season. This correlation does not change much from epoch-I to epoch-II. However, the correlation pattern of surface air pressure anomalies with variations of anomalous AM over lands changes remarkably from epoch-I to epoch-lI; the EPAR pattern emerges evidently in the later period, whereas it is not significant in epoch-I. The occurrence of the EPAR pattern in epoch-II may be attributable to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO）. The PDO may modulate the EPAR pattern in two ways. Firstly, the interdecadal component of the PDO as a background may modulate the intensities of the Aleut- ian low, East Asian trough, and westerly flow, acting as a waveguide during the warm phase （epoch-Ⅱ） of the PDO. Secondly, the interannual variations of sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Pacific, in association with the PDO, may affect the interannual variations of AM, which facilitates the existence of the EPAR pattern in epoch-Ⅱ only. With the teleconnection pattern having changed before and after 1976, winter climate anomalies, including rain- fall and temperature, are found to be different in many regions in the Northern Hemisphere between epoch-I and epoch-Ⅱ. All the results of the present work are meaningful for a better understanding of climate anomalies during boreal winter.
