This paper argues that the debate about a possible reform of the EU （or, at least, of the Eurozone） is strictly connected to the role populism plays within the European political systems. In particular, the national...This paper argues that the debate about a possible reform of the EU （or, at least, of the Eurozone） is strictly connected to the role populism plays within the European political systems. In particular, the national governments are inclined to modify the European governance in so far as they perceive the populist movements as a threat for their consensus among the citizens. This interpretation is confirmed by three different approaches emerging in 2010-2015, which are examined in the article： the UK welcomed a part of the populist propaganda and tried to take advantage of it to carry out a radical reform of the EU, re-nationalizing a series of functions; Germany did not focus on the populist rhetoric and defended the current EU model, but recognized the federal goal to which the integration process was addressed; France and Italy, in spite of theoretical divergences about the idea of Europe, shared a strategy meant to defeat populism by strengthening the European institutions and reducing the gap with the citizens. This heterogeneous scenario prevented any agreement on the future of the EU, but the effects of recent events--- such as migrations and terrorism, potential causes of a new populist offensive---might convince the Member States to rethink their positions.展开更多
In today＇s globalized world, regulatory issues are heatedly debated, and experts can be divided into two groups based on their attitudes towards these issues. In the first group, representatives are in favor of stric...In today＇s globalized world, regulatory issues are heatedly debated, and experts can be divided into two groups based on their attitudes towards these issues. In the first group, representatives are in favor of stricter regulation, and representatives of the second group are in favor of removing legislative barriers in the markets of financial services. An important objective of the European Commission in recent years is to integrate the individual segments of the financial services into a whole so as to ensure the proper functioning of the whole to satisfy all the member states. The aim of this paper is to show the complexity of the regulatory environment, to point out the large number of institutions that cooperate in the creation of legislative measures, and also to highlight the different approaches to regulation in individual member countries and these issues do not ease the situation.展开更多
受国际政治经济关系与领域技术变革的双重影响,关键原材料供应的安全与创新成为世界各国关注的焦点。欧盟制定了以科技成果转化为导向的原材料发展体制机制,为欧盟内部带来了巨大的经济﹑社会和环境效益,其发展路径﹑组织模式对于我国...受国际政治经济关系与领域技术变革的双重影响,关键原材料供应的安全与创新成为世界各国关注的焦点。欧盟制定了以科技成果转化为导向的原材料发展体制机制,为欧盟内部带来了巨大的经济﹑社会和环境效益,其发展路径﹑组织模式对于我国关键原材料供应具有一定的借鉴意义。通过对欧盟创新与技术研究院原材料(European Institute of Innovation&Technology Raw Materials,EIT-R)知识和创新社区的体制机制﹑科技成果转化体系及路径进行深度剖析,得出EIT-R具有战略目标明确﹑组织机构透明﹑转化模式高效﹑转化可持续等特点。最后针对我国原材料发展现状,提出我国关键原材料领域在国家层面的战略布局导向与组织实施的战术落实建议,以期建立科技成果为导向的关键原材料新型举国创新体制机制。展开更多
文摘This paper argues that the debate about a possible reform of the EU （or, at least, of the Eurozone） is strictly connected to the role populism plays within the European political systems. In particular, the national governments are inclined to modify the European governance in so far as they perceive the populist movements as a threat for their consensus among the citizens. This interpretation is confirmed by three different approaches emerging in 2010-2015, which are examined in the article： the UK welcomed a part of the populist propaganda and tried to take advantage of it to carry out a radical reform of the EU, re-nationalizing a series of functions; Germany did not focus on the populist rhetoric and defended the current EU model, but recognized the federal goal to which the integration process was addressed; France and Italy, in spite of theoretical divergences about the idea of Europe, shared a strategy meant to defeat populism by strengthening the European institutions and reducing the gap with the citizens. This heterogeneous scenario prevented any agreement on the future of the EU, but the effects of recent events--- such as migrations and terrorism, potential causes of a new populist offensive---might convince the Member States to rethink their positions.
文摘In today＇s globalized world, regulatory issues are heatedly debated, and experts can be divided into two groups based on their attitudes towards these issues. In the first group, representatives are in favor of stricter regulation, and representatives of the second group are in favor of removing legislative barriers in the markets of financial services. An important objective of the European Commission in recent years is to integrate the individual segments of the financial services into a whole so as to ensure the proper functioning of the whole to satisfy all the member states. The aim of this paper is to show the complexity of the regulatory environment, to point out the large number of institutions that cooperate in the creation of legislative measures, and also to highlight the different approaches to regulation in individual member countries and these issues do not ease the situation.
文摘受国际政治经济关系与领域技术变革的双重影响,关键原材料供应的安全与创新成为世界各国关注的焦点。欧盟制定了以科技成果转化为导向的原材料发展体制机制,为欧盟内部带来了巨大的经济﹑社会和环境效益,其发展路径﹑组织模式对于我国关键原材料供应具有一定的借鉴意义。通过对欧盟创新与技术研究院原材料(European Institute of Innovation&Technology Raw Materials,EIT-R)知识和创新社区的体制机制﹑科技成果转化体系及路径进行深度剖析,得出EIT-R具有战略目标明确﹑组织机构透明﹑转化模式高效﹑转化可持续等特点。最后针对我国原材料发展现状,提出我国关键原材料领域在国家层面的战略布局导向与组织实施的战术落实建议,以期建立科技成果为导向的关键原材料新型举国创新体制机制。
