Evaluation of Variable Rate Technology for Fertilizer Application in Permanent Pastures

This paper describes the field tests carried out to evaluate the new Vicon RS-EDW centrifugal fertilizer spreader, to be used in Precision Agriculture. The results of initial dynamic calibration tests showed a significant and systematic difference between the application rates of the two discs （about 20%）. This difference had to be corrected by the manufacturer that carried out the necessary changes to the electric actuators. The fertilizer spreader had good distribution homogeneity, considering different working velocities and different positions in the parcel. The pattern distribution curve for 18% super phosphate fertilizer led to an effective working width of 28 meters, with a coefficient of variation of 15%. The longitudinal test, under experimental working conditions led to a machine delay time of 6-7 seconds. The results show an actual fertilization application density between 74%-90% of that determined for each location. These results confirm that the spreader can be used to spread fertilizer differentially in the field.

Study on Multilevel Fuzzy Synthetical Evaluating Model of Science ＆ Technology Awarding

In order to realize the impersonality, justness, impartiality and rationality in the awarding work of science ＆ technology, it is necessary to establish an evaluating model to make the evaluating course numeric as well as a complete system of evaluating indexes. The theory of fuzzy mathematics is adopted in this paper to establish a multilevel fuzzy synthetical model to quantitate the evaluating index system for science ＆ technology awarding and to provide the scientific decision-making basis for science ＆ technology awarding.

The Evaluating Method of Technology Innovation Risk

The thesis analyzes risk factors of enterprise＇s technology innovation, adopts the undetermined measuring model to evaluate technology innovation risk and testifies it through an example.

Survivability model of LEO satellite constellation based on GERT with limited backup resources

Survivability is used to evaluate the ability of the satellite to complete the mission after failure,while the duration of maintaining performance is often ignored.An effective backup strategy can restore the constellation performance timely,and maintain good network communication performance in case of satellite failure.From the perspective of network utility,the low Earth orbit(LEO)satellite constellation survivable graphical eva-luation and review technology(GERT)network with backup satel-lites is constructed.A network utility transfer function algorithm based on moment generating function and Mason formula is proposed,the network survivability evaluation models of on-orbit backup strategy and ground backup strategy are established.The survivable GERT model can deduce the expected mainte-nance time of LEO satellite constellation under different fault states and the network utility generated during the state mainte-nance period.The case analysis shows that the proposed surviv-able GERT model can consider the satellite failure rate,backup satellite replacement rate,maneuver control replacement ability and life requirement,and effectively determine the optimal sur-vivable backup strategy for LEO satellite constellation with limi-ted resources according to the expected network utility.

Non-collinear nonlinear properties of steel and LY12 aluminum alloy

The sensitivity of collinear nonlinear nondestructive testing technique based on harmonic detection is high,but the results are vulnerable to interference from other nonlinear of experiment sources,which leads to this technology limited in industrial applications.To solve this problem,a non-collinear nonlinear ultrasonic testing experimental system is established based on non-collinear beam mixing technology.The non-collinear nonlinear response is observed in the steel and LY12 aluminum alloy.The results show that:1 Based on the benefits of space selection,mode conversion,frequency and steerable optional of non-collinear beam mixing technology,the interference of system nonlinear effects can be suppressed effectively;2 Mode conversion and beam mixing are present in steel and LY12 aluminum alloy,and the non-collinear non-linear response of LY12 aluminum alloy is stronger than steel and the measurement results are more obvious;3 The technology has the feasibility to evaluate the uniformity of material internal.

Innovation Design Method for Electronic Consuming Products Figures Based on TRIZ

This Paper presents a valid innovation design method for electronic consuming products figures. Using the technology evaluation principle in TRIZ （theory of inventive problem solving） theory as a powerful tool, combined with consumer psychology and relevant knowledge on products modeling methodology, evolution patterns and evolution paths of electronic consuming products figures have been explored. Moreover a set of regulations working for figures innovation design is established.

Research on the evolutionary characteristics of evaluation policies of Chinese science and technology talents

Science and technology talent evaluation is an important part of the talent development system and mechanism,and the state's emphasis on science and technology talent evaluation is reflect-ed in the national policy.This paper takes 49 policy documents on science and technology tal-ent evaluation issued by the state from 1978 to 2022 as the object,and uses policy text analysis,word frequency analysis and co-word network analysis to interpret the content of the policies.These policy texts are divided into four stages.200 high-frequency words were extracted from the policies in each stage after word segmentation was made,and the co-word matrixes and co-word networks were constructed for each stage.The research draws the following conclu-sions:1)The content of Chinese science and technology talent evaluation policies is gradually becoming concrete,and the concept of science and technology talent evaluation is gradually clear;2)The policies have transitioned from"scientific and technological development"to"sci-entific and technological innovation";3)The distribution of policies with different strengths is uneven;4)The cooperation between all departments involved in policy formulation is not e-nough.

Study on Energy Conservation of External Wall Structure of Rural Houses in Cold Area

According to the status of the northern rural architecture analysis, the prevalence of high energy consumption, low comfort features, it is essential to design energy-efficient buildings in rural areas. Article research and analyze the layout of rural buildings, a variety of energy-saving technologies and building design measures development and utilization of new energy sources and other issues that can make rural buildings to save energy and improve the environmental quality of living of farmers. It also put forward some reasonable suggestions for carrying out residential building energy efficiency in cold areas.

Some Thoughts on the Establishment of Forestry Science and Technology Evaluation System in China

The establishment of China’s forestry science and technology evaluation system is an important guarantee measure to improve the level of forestry science and technology management and promote forestry science and technology advancement. Based on the analysis of the current condition of forestry science and technology evaluation in China, the paper presents the suggestions to establish and improve forestry science and technology system, including the change in evaluation subject, the standardization of evaluation approaches and the implementation of classified evaluation, to solve the problems existing in the current forestry science and technology evaluation like non-standardization of evaluation methods, incomplete evaluation system and unsound evaluation indicator system.

Influence of Ecological Technology Measures on the Annual Sediment Load of the Wuding River

The influence of ecological technology measures on the annual sediment loads of rivers complies with the principles of statistics. In this paper, the annual sediment load of the Wuding River is taken as the dependent variable and the rainfall, rainstorms during the flood period of the Wuding River and areas of ecological technology measures are taken as the independent variables to analyze the influence of ecological technology measures on the annual sediment load of the Wuding River during the years 1956 to 2007. This research uses a stepwise regression method. The result shows that 1） the non-linear regression equation composed of three independent variables including 7–8 monthly rainfalls along the Wuding River, areas of ecological technology measures and maximum daily rainfall along the Wuding River has been calculated and set up; the correlation coefficient is R2=0.857 and the significance level is α=0.001. 2） R2=0.717 is adjusted and the regression equation reveals a change of annual sediment load exceeding 71.7% over 52 years; 3） The standardized regression coefficient for ecological technology measure area has the maximum absolute value of the three independent variables shows maximum influence on the change of annual sediment load; and 4） Because of implementing the ecological technology measures, until to year of 2007, when the 7–8 monthly rainfall and maximum daily rainfall are the maximum values in the research section, the annual sediment load is calculated as 149 million ton, which is 36% of the maximum value in the history.

The Evolution of Desertification Control and Restoration Technology in Typical Ecologically Vulnerable Regions

Global economic development and increasing human activities have brought great challenges to fragile ecosystems.In order to avoid,reduce,and reverse desertification,Chinese and foreign scientists and ecological governance institutions have developed a series of ecological restoration technologies(ERTs)and models in the past few decades.These technologies can improve residents’livelihoods,strengthen disaster resilience,and launch a comprehensive review of degraded ecosystems in desertification regions.However,some studies and practices have limited the selection and promotion of good technologies and the assessments of these technologies,resulting in the waste and loss of funds and manpower.The objective of this study is to identify desertification control and restoration technologies and models,summarize the evolutionary features and trends of these technologies under different natural conditions,and evaluate the various ERTs that are now available.The data sources of this study include the databases of international organizations,CNKI,related literature and reports,and questionnaires from institutions and experts.First,the three stages of ERTs evolution were summarized,and the key events and social-economic developments were identified as the driving forces of evolution.Then,the four categories of ERTs were identified as biological,engineering,agricultural,and management ERTs.Finally,the key ERTs were evaluated in the five dimensions of the degree of difficulty,the degree of maturity,effectiveness,suitability,and potential for transfer.The management ERTs scores for the degree of difficulty,the degree of maturity,and potential for transfer are higher.This study provides a reference for adapting to local conditions,the comprehensive management,rational development,and utilization of dryland resources,improving the application of ecological technologies,and promoting the export and import of the excellent technologies.

Wildlife-borne microorganisms and strategies to prevent and control emerging infectious diseases

China is one of the countries with the richest wildlife population.The large variety of widely distributed species act as natural or susceptible hosts for numerous infectious diseases.It is estimated that there are more than 1.2 million unknown virus species in China,and there might be 10,000–30,000 unknown bacteria in wild mammals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau alone.There are no less than 600,000 species of animal-borne parasites and approximately 2 million species of fungi worldwide.With rapid economic growth and globalization,humans and wildlife interact more frequently,which enhances the probability of wildlife-borne pathogens infecting humans.The occurrence of animal-borne infectious diseases will become the“new normal”we have to face in the future.Therefore,research should be carried out on wildlife-borne microorganisms and the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases to establish an analytical framework and an evaluation technology system for risk assessment and early warning of potential animal-borne emerging infectious diseases.This will not only improve our understanding of wildlife-borne microbial communities but also enable in-depth analysis,discovery,early warning,and even prediction of major animal-borne emerging infectious diseases that might occur in the future.Furthermore,this research will reduce response times,minimize the social and economic impact and losses,enable interventions related to the emergence or spread of the disease as early as possible,and comprehensively improve our management of infectious disease outbreaks.