Evaluation and Driving Force Analysis of Cultivated Land Quality in Black Soil Region of Northeast China

Cultivated land is an important natural resource to ensure food,ecological and economic security.The cultivated land quality evaluation(CQE)is greatly significant for protecting and managing cultivated land.In this study,320 counties in the black soil region of Northeast China(BSRNC)represent the research units used to construct the CQE system measuring the soil properties(SP),cultivated land productivity(CLP),ecological environment(EE)and social economy(SE).The total of 19 factors were selected to calculate the integrated fertility index(IFI)and divided into grades.Simultaneously,we used the coupling coordination degree model to comprehensively analyze the spatial pattern of the cultivated land quality(CLQ)in the BSRNC,and use the structural equation model(SEM)to analyze the driving mechanism.The results show the following:1)The CLQ of 262 counties in the BSRNC is in a state of coupling and coordination,and the coupling and coordination degree presents a spatial distribution pattern of‘high in the southwest and northeast,low in the northwest and southeast’.The coordinated development degree of 271 counties is between 0.4 and 0.6,which is in a transitional state between coordination and disorder.2)The CLQ in the BSRNC is generally good,with an average grade of 3.High-quality cultivated land accounts for 58.45%of all counties,middle-and upper-quality cultivated land accounts for 27.05%,and poor-quality cultivated land accounts for 14.49%.3)The SEM analysis shows that the SP,CLP,EE,and SE all influence the CLQ.Among them,the SP has the largest driving force on the CLQ,while the SE has the smallest driving force on it.The results confirm that the main factors affecting the evaluation results are crop productivity level,normalized difference vegetation index,ratio vegetation index,difference vegetation index,and organic carbon content.When implementing protection measures in counties with a low CLQ,considering a balanced coordination of multiple systems and reasonably controlling the quality degradation are important.This study provides the current situation and driving factors of the CLQ in the BSRNC and will play an important role in black soil governance and utilization.

Update of Cultivated Land Quality Grade Based on GIS—A Case Study of a County in Guangxi

The quality of cultivated land has an important influence on agricultural output, food security, sustainable development and the ability of using cultivated land resources. As the trend of cultivated land quality is getting more and more attention, in order to strengthen the management of cultivated land quality, improve the precision of cultivated land quality and other achievements, and maintain the current situation of cultivated land quality and other achievements. For this paper, taking A county of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as an example, with the support of GIS, the paper studies the grade and grade renewal of cultivated land by using the superposition method, studies the grade and grade change of regional cultivated land and its spatial distribution, grasps the status quo change of cultivated land and the grade and grade change of cultivated land caused by the quality construction of cultivated land in the year, and then provides scientific data for land use plan, land consolidation and cultivates land protection.

Improvement of Evaluation Methods for Cultivated Land Quality

As the existing cultivated land quality evaluation index system is unable to accurately evaluate the quality of cultivated land after land remediation,a modified land use coefficient method was established in this study to calculate the land use coefficient of cultivated land after land remediation. An evaluation index system was first established for the land utilization level of cultivated land in the remediation areas.After that,the land utilization level index before and after the remediation was evaluated separately. The ratio of the two was used as the correction factor to correct the original land use coefficient. The corrected land use coefficient was used to evaluate the quality of cultivated land. The quality evaluation and verification of the land remediation areas in Yuzhou City were conducted. It was found that the land use coefficient corrected by the modified method was more consistent with that calculated by production method 5 years after the project acceptance. It suggests that the modified land use coefficient method reflects the impact of land remediation on the quality of cultivated land,and it is more suitable compared with the production method for the quality evaluation of cultivation land in remediation areas.

Construction of the Classification and Grading Index System of Cultivated Land Based on the Viewpoint of Sustainable Development

In order to objectively and reasonably evaluate the actual and potential value of cultivated land, both social and ecological values are introduced into the classification and grading index system of cultivated land based on the viewpoint of sustainable development, after considering the natural and economic values of cultivated land. Index system construction of the sustainable utilization of cultivated land should follow the principles of economic viability, social acceptability, and ecological protection. Classification of cultivated land should take into account the soil fertility of cultivated land. Then, grading of cultivated land is carried out from the practical productivity (or potential productivity) of cultivated land. According to the existing classification index system of cultivated land, the soil, natural and environmental factors in plains, mountains and hills are mainly modified in the classification index system of cultivated land. And index systems for the cultivated land classification in plains, mountains and hills are set up. The grading index system of cultivated land is established based on the economic viability (economic value), social acceptability (social value) and protection of cultivated land (ecological value). Quantitative expression of cultivated land grading index is also carried out.

Progress in Researches on Evaluation of Quality of Cultivated Land Consolidated from Coal Mining Subsided Land

The evaluation of consolidated cultivated land quality can provide basic information for how to perfect the program of land consolidation,as well as a reference for the dynamic monitoring of farmland quality in mining area. Based on the consultation and analysis of related literature,we can conclude that: firstly,most scholars focus on soil consolidation,while consider little about land use and economic condition. Secondly,foreign scholars usually use crop yields to judge the success of land consolidation,while domestic scholars have been evaluated the quality of consolidated cultivated land synthetically from several aspects,such as soil fertility,soil environmental quality,and farmland infrastructure conditions. Specifically,most of the evaluations are static,and indicators are different. Besides,the quality of consolidated cultivated land is generally low,and it lacks systematic research on technologies for improving quality of cultivated land consolidated from coal mining subsided land. It is concluded that future researches should focus on establishing scientific and feasible evaluation system to realize comparison of quality change in the dynamic course of " undisturbed-subsided-consolidated" cultivated land in coal mining areas,as well as technologies for improving quality of cultivated land consolidated from coal mining subsided land.

County scale spatial differential characteristics of cultivated land use grade: A case of Binchuan County

Land resource is the material foundation of human survival and economic development, and the cultivated land is the essence of land resources. This paper takes the county scale, by using the method of GIS spatial analysis and statistical analysis unifies, to explore the quality of cultivated land in Binchuan County using level, and explain the utilization level of county cultivated land quality spatial differentiation characteristics. The results showed that:(1) in the quantity of cultivated land quality and utilization level, the average utilization of paddy land was greater than that of dry land, and the comprehensive utilization of cultivated land and so on. Among them, the paddy land ranged from grade 6 to 15, the average utilization was grade 11.6; dry land ranged from grade 2 to 11, the average utilization was grade 5.9; comprehensive range of cultivated land is grade 2 to 15, the average utilization was grade 8.1;(2) the quality of cultivated land utilization spatial differentiation. Paddy field, dry land and cultivated land and large value distribution in the central and southern, inverted V shape distribution; the smaller the value distribution in the East and West, a dumbbell shaped distribution. Among them, they don't use a larger value of paddy land distributed in the central, South and southwest, the maximum value is 14.3, the smaller the value distribution in the West and East, the minimum value is grade 7; the larger the value distribution by the dry land in the South and West, the maximum value is grade 10.2, the smaller the value distribution in the West and East. The minimum value is grade 2.3; the comprehensive utilization of cultivated land don't distributed larger value in the central, South and south-west, the maximum value is grade 12.7, the smaller the value distribution in the West and East, the minimum value is grade 3.5. This paper can provide scientific basis for the dynamic monitoring of cultivated land quality, the transformation of low yield farmland and the early warning of cultivated land pressure.

Research on Grade Renewing of Cultivated Land at County Level:A Case Study of Daxing District,Beijing

To create a scientific way to renew the grades of cultivated land at county level, monitoring points were set up according to the monitoring control regions and grade types of cultivated land in Daxing District, Beijing, and soil samples were collected to carry out chemical analysis. Afterwards, the input and output data of cultivated land in each village were surveyed to renew the grades of cultivated land. The results indicate that the average natural grade of cultivated land was 8.4, which was equal to that of 2004; the average utilization grade was 8.1, which was slightly higher than that of 2004; the average economic grade was 9.9, which was lower than that of 2004. It is concluded that it is scientific to renew cultivated land grades through scientifically setting monitoring points according to the monitoring control regions and grade types of cultivated land.

三亚市耕地质量等级年度变更评价及质量提升

开展耕地质量等级评价,可建立健全耕地质量等级调查评价与信息发布制度,并准确掌握区域尺度的耕地质量现状及变化趋势,查清影响耕地生产的主要障碍因素,有针对性提出加强耕地质量保护与提升的对策措施与建议,进而提升耕地质量管理水平。以三亚市耕地为对象,开展耕地质量等级年度变更评价。结果表明,全市耕地质量平均等级为5.23,其中高等级地(一级地至三级地)占全市耕地面积的23.52%,中等级地(四级地至六级地)占49.12%,低等级地(七级地至十级地)占27.36%;三亚市耕地的主要障碍因素为障碍层次和渍潜,分别对其提出了改良措施及建议。

广东省三级综合医院优质护理服务评价指标的构建

目的构建广东省三级综合医院优质护理服务评价指标,为促进优质护理服务评价工作和规范优质护理服务提供参考。方法基于文献检索的基础上,应用头脑风暴法并借鉴国内已有的相关制度、标准和政策构建出评价指标条目池和问卷初稿;采用德尔菲法对评价指标进行两轮专家函询。结果两轮专家函询的回收率分别为80.00%和91.67%;权威程度系数均为0.93,医院部分Kendall协调系数W分别为0.128和0.116,病区部分分别为0.193、0.107,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。第2轮函询医院各指标的重要性均数为(4.43~5.00)分。第2轮函询病区各指标的重要性均数为(4.59~5.00)分。构建的广东省三级综合医院优质护理服务评价指标包括医院和病区两个部分,其中医院部分包括一级指标8项、二级指标22项、三级指标65项,病区部分包括一级指标9项、二级指标23项、三级指标50项。结论本研究编制的广东省三级综合医院优质护理服务评价指标具有较好的科学性和可靠性,有利于完善优质护理服务管理制度,引导优质护理服务健康发展。

新形势下耕地资源质量分类与等别转换的应用研究——以济南市为例

以济南市为研究区域,在2021年度耕地资源质量分类成果的基础上,运用改进的灰靶模型和指标赋分求和法2种等别转换方式将济南市耕地资源质量分类成果转换为等别数据。结果表明:改进的灰靶模型兼顾了耕地的自然本底特征和耕地的粮食产能,在赋权和评价过程更为客观、科学,转换后的等别成果更为合理,济南市质量较好的耕地主要位于中部和北部平原地区以及沿黄地区,等别主要为3等和4等地,占总耕地面积的77%,符合济南市实际情况;采用指标赋分求和法转换的等别整体较为合理,但主观性较强,评价结果区域内部差异性较小。因此,改进的灰靶模型在耕地资源质量分类与等别衔接研究中应用性更强,转换成果可为耕地占补平衡与进出平衡等实践应用提供参考。

基于GIS软件的县级耕地质量等别年度更新评价研究——以松桃县为例

本研究基于GIS软件的空间分析工具,通过选取适宜松桃县的耕地质量等别评定基本参数、评价指标体系及权重,采用“因素法”对2019-2020年度新增、减少类耕地及质量建设耕地等别变化范围进行评定。结果表明,2019-2020年,松桃县减少耕地面积871.02 hm^(2),新增耕地159.91 hm^(2),新增耕地等别集中在9~11,质量建设耕地226.26 hm^(2);与“三调”统一时点耕地质量等别成果对比,提升0.01等别。基于本次耕地质量等别成果动态更新,以期为地区实现耕地资源信息的社会化服务及自然资源数量质量并重管理提供参考。

基于耕地质量评价系统对广西沿海地区耕地质量的分析评价

根据《耕地质量等级》国家标准(GB/T33469-2016),运用层次分析法建立评价体系,对广西沿海地区的37.76 hm2耕地进行耕地质量等级评价。结果表明:该地区的耕地灌溉能力和排水能力能满足作物对于耕地的需求;耕地生物多样性和农田林网化能基本满足作物对于耕地的需求;土壤pH值主要在4.5~5.5之间,为弱酸性土壤;土壤有效磷含量主要小于15 mg/kg;耕地速效钾含量主要在100~125 mg/kg;土壤有机质含量在25~35 mg/kg。该地区弱酸性土壤分布较多;土壤有效磷含量较低;土壤速效钾和有机质含量属于中等水平。该地区的耕地质量等级可以划分十个等级,耕地质量等级一级至十级的面积值占比分别为:1.09%、0.50%、4.66%、35.73%、43.80%、5.11%、3.84%、2.12%、2.33%、0.82%,其中面积占比最大的五等地平均耕地等级为4.82,该地的土壤质量整体属于较高水平。该地区的高等耕地主要分布在西北部地区和中部地区;中等耕地主要分布在西部地区、东部地区和中部地区;低等耕地主要分布在北部地区。靠近海域的区域耕地较少,并且越接近海域耕地质量越差。可采取合理施肥、施用土壤改良剂和注重配方施肥等农艺措施和方法来改善土壤状况和提高耕地质量,确保作物的生产效益和经济效益,保障粮食安全。

基于国土三调的盱眙县耕地质量评价研究

《自然资源调查监测体系构建总体方案》提出对耕地资源质量分析评价的要求,迫切需要耕地状况开展详细的以地块为单元的质量等级评价。参考《耕地质量等级》评价体系,以国土三调数据为本底,结合基础地理信息数据和其他专题数据,开展耕地质量评价技术方法探索,从地形地貌、土壤条件、耕种条件、稳定条件、区位条件等方面构建了耕地质量评价指标体系,采用综合评价法计算每个地块的综合指数。研究结果表明,该评价技术方法的评价结果符合盱眙县耕地质量现状,通过剖析每块耕地质量的主要影响因子,有针对性地对地块进行优化处理,为划定高标准农田、永久基本农田提供数据支持。

临泽县耕地质量评价

为了全面、精准地评估甘肃省临泽县耕地质量的各项指标水平,提升耕地质量检测与保护管理水平,依托ArcGIS技术,采用层次分析、空间分析、综合指数和模糊数学等方法,对临泽县的耕地质量进行了等级评价。结果显示,临泽县的耕地质量等级可划分为6个等级,即从一等至六等,各等级所占的比例分别为16.13%、19.39%、54.99%、3.57%、0、5.91%,平均等级为2.70等。其中,一等到三等耕地占90.51%,表明临泽县的耕地质量总体状况良好。耕地土壤有机质含量平均为18.27 g/kg,主要集中在10.00~20.00 g/kg,多属较低等水平;全氮含量平均为0.87 g/kg,主要集中在≤1.00 g/kg和1.00~1.25 g/kg,多属低等水平;有效磷含量平均为25.41 mg/kg,主要集中在25.00~40.00 mg/kg,多属较高水平;速效钾含量平均为180.04 mg/kg,主要集中在150.00~200.00 mg/kg,多属中低等水平。

2022年来安县耕地质量等级特征研究

本研究结合来安县测土配方施肥土壤测试数据、新建高标准农田耕地质量等级数据、来安县第三次全国国土调查数据和来安县土壤图,利用县域耕地资源管理信息系统平台,建立来安县耕地质量评价数据库,对来安县2022年耕地质量等级进行评价。结果表明:2022年来安县耕地质量等级分布在1~9等,平均耕地质量等级为4.375等,比2021年来安县平均耕地质量等级提升0.028等;2022年来安县耕地质量等级主要分布在3~6等,占来安县耕地总面积的80.86%,其中5等地占23.10%,3等地占20.97%,6等地占19.08%,4等地占17.71%。

耕地质量与景观格局指数的关系研究——以江西省鹰潭市为例

研究耕地质量与景观格局间的关系,可以为加强国家耕地质量保护和提升提供科学依据。利用江西省鹰潭市2022年耕地质量数据,在耕地质量评价的基础上综合分析鹰潭市的总体耕地质量状况。选取斑块面积、斑块占景观比例、边界密度、斑块密度、景观形状指数、平均斑块大小、景观分离度、蔓延度指数和香农多样性指数等景观格局指数在Fragstats 4.2软件中进行计算,再将耕地面积加权平均国家自然等别、利用等别、经济等别指数分别与选取的耕地景观格局指数进行相关性分析。研究得出,耕地质量国家自然等指数与耕地边界密度呈极显著负相关,相关系数为-0.393(P<0.01);耕地质量国家利用等指数与耕地平均斑块大小和香农多样性指数呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.343(P<0.01)和0.416(P<0.01);耕地质量国家经济等指数与耕地边界密度呈极显著负相关,相关系数为-0.381(P<0.01)。因此部分景观格局指数与耕地质量之间存在明显的相关性,可以在一定程度上反映该区域内耕地质量与景观格局指数间的关联。研究结果可为从景观格局角度实现耕地质量的提升与保护工作提供科学参考,对国家层面做出优化区域耕地空间布局决策也具有一定的现实意义。

基于遥感手段对呼和浩特市耕地质量评价的研究

针对自然因素和人为活动导致的耕地质量变化,从遥感信息的角度,结合测绘地理信息数据,提出对呼和浩特市2011年至2015年耕地质量的评价。采用压力-状态-响应(P-S-R)框架模型对该地区耕地进行等级划分,比较得出该地区2011年到2015年耕地等级的变化情况,以及耕地的转入转出情况。通过分析得出,水渠距离以及道路距离指标没有出现明显的变化,所以剩下的3个指标DVI、NDVI和RVI对评价结果影响较大。该评价方法可以有效对该地区的耕地等级进行划分,为该地区的土地利用规划编制以及生产实践提供一定的科学指导;同时为探讨耕地等级动态监测体系建设提供了新的思路,为耕地资源的审计工作提供了新的借鉴。

基于GIS的平定县高标准农田耕地质量等级评价研究

目前,高标准农田建设工作已在全国范围内取得较好成效,建设完成后每年都需进行耕地质量等级评价,因而对高效、合理、综合评价高标准农田的耕地质量等级工作提出了较高要求。本文结合实际情况,针对多种不同类型数据的指标特征,充分发挥地理信息系统(GIS)的优势,通过空间连接、Kriging插值、区域统计等数据处理分析方法,将新技术与专业评价方法相结合,形成一套较为完整的数据分析方法体系,提升耕地质量等级评价的效率和准确性。同时,对高标准农田建设中涉及的评价指标进行影响分析,对今后的高标准农田建设具有一定的参考价值。

高邮市耕地质量综合评价及提升策略

为全面了解高邮市耕地质量现状,提升耕地质量水平,对高邮市耕地质量开展调查评价、等级划分和系统分析,结果表明:高邮市耕地质量加权平均等级为2.60,整体水平较高,其中二等地面积最大,为36563.60 hm^(2)。耕地三大利用类型中耕地质量等级高低表现为水田>水浇地>旱地,且全市耕地土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾含量平均分别为36.13 g/kg、2.08 g/kg、26.15 mg/kg、146.73 mg/kg,均处于高等水平。

面向多元主体需求的耕地质量体系新认知

在耕地需求更趋多样化的背景下,深刻认识耕地质量内涵及体系构成,是推进耕地质量理论研究、制定耕地质量评价标准、实施区域耕地质量监测的基础。该文基于质量管理理论,在分析耕地的性状与功能、耕地利用的多元主体及多样化需求基础上,探讨了耕地质量体系、特点及表达方式,旨在完善耕地质量理论研究。结果表明:1)耕地作为种植农作物的土地,展现为类型、空间、工程、管理等多个方面性状,具有生产、资产、生态和社会功能。2)耕地利用的主体可以划分为耕地经营主体、物权主体和管理主体,对耕地的需求可分为生产、资产、生态和社会需求,各类主体围绕耕地及其利用相互分工,同时又互相博弈,使得耕地利用多元主体的需求更趋多样化。3)耕地质量是耕地自身各种性状与功能满足多元耕地利用多元主体需求的程度,可以划分为地力质量、设施质量、空间质量、生态质量、美学与文化质量。4)耕地质量是人们根据一定标准对耕地及其利用进行调查和监测后做出的定量评价,具有以下特点:客观现实与主观行为的融合、质量体系与指标体系的契合、空间格局与耕地过程的耦合、观测尺度与本征尺度的调合、变量场与类型域的结合。5)耕地质量是对耕地某方面的质的有量纲量(绝对量)或无量纲量(相对量)表达。该研究可为耕地质量理论研究和质量管理相关工作参考依据。