Investigation on transformation process of trip mode choice for planned special events

This paper aims to provide a decision-making method for the transportation management strategies in guiding the transformation of trip mode choice during planned special events. The Expo 2010 Shanghai is taken as an example, and a structural equation model is employed to analyze the dynamic mechanism of trip mode choice behavior and the effectiveness of the transportation management measures at different stages. Based on the difference between the objective-oriented stated preference （SP） survey results and the objectives, together with the feedback from the previous stage survey, some adjustments on the transportation management measures are made in the next stage of the planning process until the objectives are eventually achieved. The results indicate that the adjustments on transportation management measures at different stages can effectively raise the transit share to 88.6%. Nonlocal visitors are inclined to choose nonstop modes of transportation and the companion attributes have the most significant effects on the trip mode choices of visitors. The research method is proved to be an effective way to support the decision making process of transportation management measures during planned special events in the future.

Assessment of an Outdoor Large Sports Event

The purpose of this manuscript was to discuss the findings and results of a large scale assessment of an outdoor sports event. An additional purpose was to develop a step-by-step methodology for instructor on how to implement an evaluation of a large recreation event in order to assist other organizations wishing to host or improve upon their own large-scale events. Large scale events have the potential to attract a large audience which can lead to many benefits for the instructors or organizers. The example used in this study was a large-scale event called the Oklahoma Wildlife Expo, which is the largest annual event hosted by the ODWC （Oklahoma Department of Wildlife and Conservation）. Its purpose is to emphasize the importance of wildlife conservation and provide an opportunity for the public to experience various outdoor recreation activities such as fishing, shooting, archery, and canoeing. Since visitors＇ assessment of the event is essential for future improvement, The Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation has collaborated with academic institutions in order to conduct impartial research on visitors＇ perceptions regarding their experience at the event. The sample for this study suggested that all of the participants were highly satisfied with their overall experience. Findings are discussed and best-practices are suggested in order to assist other evaluators in their large-scale events in improving their data collection methodology as well as their event in general.

The Impacts of International Sport Events:Case Studies of Two Hungarian Cities,Gyor and Székesfehérvár

After the period between 1998 and 2002, sport has again and continuously been considered as a priority strategicsector in Hungary since the year 2010. Hungary has demonstrated remarkable performance in organisinginternational sport events. The FINA World Championships and the European Youth Olympic Festival, both heldin 2017, as well as the annual GyulaiIstván Memorial Athletics Hungarian Grand Prix have profound worldwidesignificance. The objective of the study is to give an insight into how the two host cities （Gyor and Székesfehérvár）and their residents perceive these international sport events and their impacts in Hungary.