Inspiring Questions from the Sea of Examinations——题海拾贝

1 A dozen(12个)Ping-Pong balls are num-bered from 1 to 12.Tom separated the balls into twogroups and noticed that the sum of the numbers onthe balls in the first group equaled the sum of thenumbers on the balls in the second group.What isthe common sum(依次求这两组乒乓球上的数字和)?有12个乒乓球,每个乒乓球上分别标有从1到12的一个数字.汤姆把这些乒乓球分成两组,发现两组乒乓球上的数字和相等,求这两组乒乓球上的数字和是多少?

Review and Perspective of Questioned Document Examination Research-Bibliometric Analysis Based on Visual Knowledge Mapping

Background:Questioned document examination(QDE)is a crucial sub-discipline of forensic science,and over the years,this discipline has developed a vast amount of research results and literature.However,the current studies have only reviewed the development of QDE for a period of time or a particular research direction,lacking a comprehensive review of this discipline since its origins.Aim:The aim of this study is to utilize bibliometric methods to review the history and development of QDE since 1934 and also to predict its future research trends.Materials:This study collects the literature of questioned document examination(QDE)from the Web of Science Core Collection database and uses four bibliometric analysis tools:CiteSpace,VOSviewer,SciMAT,and Bibliometric,to process relevant literature data.Methods:Through the analysis methods of journal co-citation analysis,keyword co-occurrence network analysis,literature cocitation analysis,and theme evolutionary analysis,the bibliometric data information in the QDE field is obtained,and a visualized knowledge mapping is constructed.Results:The results show that four research directions have been formed,basically.As far as the development trend of QDE research is concerned,the research field shows the change in content from cursory to detailed and in analysis from qualitative to quantitative,while the research field maintains a close relationship with chemical technology and computer science.Conclusions:The changes in QDE can be attributed to advancements in science and technology,which have influenced research methods.QDE also has a legal aspect,with a focus on enhancing scientific accuracy and evidentiary value.These developments aim to strengthen QDE’s identification power and promote its scientific and standardized growth.This will gradually enhance the reliability and strength of QDE evidence,making it more valuable in judicial practice.