Analysis of Diagnostic Efficiency of Excretory-Secretory Antigens for <i>Trichinella spiralis</i>and <i>Trichinella nativa</i>in ELISA

The comparative studies of diagnostic efficiency of excretory-secretory antigens of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella nativa were performed using blood sera of rats from Wistar line experimentally infected with Arctic trichinellae. For animal infection and antigen preparation Trichinella from muscles of wild carnivorous mammals from Arctic regions of Russia were used. When antigen from T. nativa larvae was used to analyze titers of sera of rats experimentally infected with Arctic Trichinella, a significant increase in efficacy ofELISAwas detected. E.g., sera of rats infected with trichinellae from ringed seals retained in ELISA with T. nativa antigen values higher than diagnostic level at titers of 1:6400 - 1:12800, while titer of those same sera when using T. spiralis antigen was no higher than 1:200 - 1:400.

Therapeutic effect of soluble worm protein acting as immune regulatory on colitis

Objective: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the protein derived from the soluble factor of Heligmosomoides polygyrus(H. polygyrus) excretory-secretory in a colitis model.Methods: Colitis was induced by providing drinking water containing 3% dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) for a week. DSS was administrated in a cycle protocol, each cycle consisted of 7 days of 3% DSS in the drinking water and followed by 7 days of regular water. This study consisted of five treatment groups, including Groups A(control)received untreated water, B(DSS only, without excretory-secretory), and C–E injected(i.p.) with excretory-secretory protein(H. polygyrus excretory-secretory total, excretorysecretory 28 k Da and excretory-secretory 55 k Da, respectively). Mice received injection every week. The injection of excretory-secretory was started from the 6th weeks and continued until 11 weeks. At the end of 11 weeks of the experiment, mice were sacrificed,colon tissue was removed and then subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry, real-time PCR and histology examination.Results: Mice received H. polygyrus excretory-secretory 55 k Da reduced mono-nuclear cell infiltrations. H. polygyrus excretory-secretory 55 k Da induced the down-regulation of m RNA interferong expression. There were significant differences in the expression of m RNA interferon in the colon of mice after the administration of the excretory-secretory55 k Da protein fraction compared with other groups(P < 0.001), whereas m RNA transforming growth factorb expression up regulated in the colon of mice after the administration of the excretory-secretory 55 k Da protein fraction compared with total excretory-secretory group(P < 0.05). The treatment of colitis in mice with excretorysecretory 55 k Da protein fractions modulated interleukin-10(IL-10) expression,whereas excretory-secretory total and excretory-secretory 28 k Da protein fractions insufficient promoted IL-10 expression. Excretory-secretory 55 k Da proteins fraction promoted IL-10 expression via Foxp3-independent pathways.Conclusions: Excretory-secretory 55 k Da protein could reduce inflammation and have potential therapy. H. polygyrus excretory-secretory 55 k Da was the soluble factor that may help in the development of novel treatments to cure colitis.