通过实验室观察及Y型管选择性试验,对草地螟上的优势种寄蝇-伞裙追寄蝇Exorista civilis Rond.的寄主选择性进行了研究。从这6种供试寄主中筛选出优良繁蝇的替代寄主,为该蝇的大规模繁殖及应用奠定理论基础。试验结果表明:伞裙追寄蝇对...通过实验室观察及Y型管选择性试验,对草地螟上的优势种寄蝇-伞裙追寄蝇Exorista civilis Rond.的寄主选择性进行了研究。从这6种供试寄主中筛选出优良繁蝇的替代寄主,为该蝇的大规模繁殖及应用奠定理论基础。试验结果表明:伞裙追寄蝇对6种鳞翅目幼虫和幼虫粪便的趋性顺序相同,依次为草地螟>粘虫>斜纹夜蛾>甜菜夜蛾>玉米螟>苜蓿夜蛾;不同寄主的羽化率结果表明,粘虫的羽化率最高,为70.2%。伞裙追寄蝇对寄主的选择性行为可能与寄主昆虫的活跃程度和其释放的化学信息物质有关。展开更多
本研究观察了日本追寄蝇Exorista japonica(Townsend)的生物学特性。日本追寄蝇主要产卵于家蚕Bombyx mori L.幼虫的胸部,其次为头部,最后是腹部,三者间产卵量差异显著。在美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea(Drury)、家蚕和人纹污灯蛾Spilarctia...本研究观察了日本追寄蝇Exorista japonica(Townsend)的生物学特性。日本追寄蝇主要产卵于家蚕Bombyx mori L.幼虫的胸部,其次为头部,最后是腹部,三者间产卵量差异显著。在美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea(Drury)、家蚕和人纹污灯蛾Spilarctia subcarnea(Walker)幼虫同时存在时,日本追寄蝇优先选择寄生家蚕幼虫,寄生比率为62.79%;其次选择人纹污灯蛾幼虫,寄生比率为25.16%;选择美国白蛾最少,寄生比率为12.33%。在家蚕、人纹污灯蛾和美国白蛾幼虫体上的着卵量分别为5.63、4.05和1.85粒。该寄蝇对5、4、3龄家蚕幼虫的寄生比率分别为44.38%、34.67%和21.05%,着卵量分别为9.58、7.95和4.45粒;对7、6、5龄美国白蛾幼虫的寄生比率分别为53.33%、27.02%和19.67%,着卵量分别为7.27、3.17和1.33粒。随寄主体表寄蝇卵量的增加,寄主死亡率增加;卵量为1粒时,寄蝇化蛹率为52%,寄主死亡率为58.33%;卵量为2粒时,化蛹率为69.16%,寄主死亡率为71.67%;卵量为4粒时,化蛹率为76.83%,寄主死亡率达到100%;卵量大于4粒时,寄蝇化蛹率开始下降。展开更多
为了解天敌昆虫伞裙追寄蝇(Exorista civilis Rondani.)的飞行规律,本文采用吊飞试验及相关生理生化方法,研究了不同日龄伞裙追寄蝇体内甘油酯、糖原的积累状况及5日龄不同飞行时间其体内能源物质的变化情况。结果表明:5日龄雌蝇体内糖...为了解天敌昆虫伞裙追寄蝇(Exorista civilis Rondani.)的飞行规律,本文采用吊飞试验及相关生理生化方法,研究了不同日龄伞裙追寄蝇体内甘油酯、糖原的积累状况及5日龄不同飞行时间其体内能源物质的变化情况。结果表明:5日龄雌蝇体内糖原、甘油酯含量均到达高峰,分别为114.3517和0.7537mmol·L^(-1);雄蝇则在7日龄糖原、甘油酯含量达到最高,分别为111.6680和0.7214mmol·L^(-1)。5日龄伞裙追寄蝇飞行60min后体内糖原含量显著下降;在飞行120min后甘油酯含量下降明显。飞行60min后体内糖原含量显著下降,说明伞裙追寄蝇体内糖原含量能维持60min的飞行,120~240min后糖原含量达到最低,此时甘油酯含量也有明显降低的趋势,说明120min后糖原迅速耗尽,此后飞行所需的能量由甘油酯提供。展开更多
【目的】研究取食含Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白饲料的粘虫Mythimna separata(Walker)对其寄生天敌伞裙追寄蝇Exorista civilis Rondani的寄生率、生长发育和产卵量的影响。【方法】以取食含不同浓度(0,3.125,6.25,12.5和25μg/g)Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白饲...【目的】研究取食含Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白饲料的粘虫Mythimna separata(Walker)对其寄生天敌伞裙追寄蝇Exorista civilis Rondani的寄生率、生长发育和产卵量的影响。【方法】以取食含不同浓度(0,3.125,6.25,12.5和25μg/g)Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白饲料的粘虫幼虫为寄主,观察并记录伞裙追寄蝇的寄生和生长发育等指标。【结果】取食过不同浓度Cry1Ab蛋白的粘虫对伞裙追寄蝇寄生率、产卵量没有显著的影响(P≥0.05),即不会影响寄生蝇对寄主的选择。取食这5种浓度杀虫蛋白的粘虫上寄生的伞群追寄蝇发育历期(卵-幼虫、蛹、成虫产卵和世代)、羽化率、性比和产卵量均无显著差异(P≥0.05),但对蝇蛆存活率和蛹重影响显著(P<0.05)。其中,伞裙追寄蝇蝇蛆存活率以寄生在取食3.125μg/g Cry1Ab蛋白的粘虫上的最高(33%),并显著高于对照和其余3个浓度处理(P<0.05),但这4个处理之间的存活率差异不显著(P≥0.05)。伞裙追寄蝇的蛹重随寄主取食Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白含量的增加而显著下降(P<0.05)。其中对照的蛹重为49.8 mg,而寄生于取食6.25和25μg/g蛋白寄主上的蛹重分别只有41.0和36.7 mg。【结论】本实验结果表明寄主粘虫取食Cry1Ab蛋白对伞裙追寄蝇无显著负面影响,为科学评价田间转Bt基因作物对寄生蝇的影响作用提供了重要的科学依据。展开更多
[Objective ] The paper was to investigate the major cold-resistant materials and their content variation in the diapause process of Exorista civilis Ronda- hi. [Method] The total carbohydrate, protein and glycerin of ...[Objective ] The paper was to investigate the major cold-resistant materials and their content variation in the diapause process of Exorista civilis Ronda- hi. [Method] The total carbohydrate, protein and glycerin of E. civilis Randani in the diapause process were examined. [Result] The glycogen content in dia- pause stage was higher than that in non-diapause stage, and the difference was significant; the glycogen contents in pupal stage reached the maximum values of 156. 73 and 68.32 p~/mg, respectively. The protein content was higher in non-diapause stage of E. civilis Rondani before entering diapause stage, and reached the max- imum value of 78.34 μg/mg in the pupal stage ; while the maximum value in non-diapanse stage was 72.95μg/mg. The glycerin content of adults in non-diapause and diapanse stage was very low; the glycerin concentration in diapause stage was higher than that in non-diapause stage throughout the whole development stage ex- cept the pupal stage, and the difference was significant. [ Conclusion] Glycogen is the most important cold resistant substance in the diapause process of E. civilis Rondani.展开更多
文摘通过实验室观察及Y型管选择性试验,对草地螟上的优势种寄蝇-伞裙追寄蝇Exorista civilis Rond.的寄主选择性进行了研究。从这6种供试寄主中筛选出优良繁蝇的替代寄主,为该蝇的大规模繁殖及应用奠定理论基础。试验结果表明:伞裙追寄蝇对6种鳞翅目幼虫和幼虫粪便的趋性顺序相同,依次为草地螟>粘虫>斜纹夜蛾>甜菜夜蛾>玉米螟>苜蓿夜蛾;不同寄主的羽化率结果表明,粘虫的羽化率最高,为70.2%。伞裙追寄蝇对寄主的选择性行为可能与寄主昆虫的活跃程度和其释放的化学信息物质有关。
文摘为了解天敌昆虫伞裙追寄蝇(Exorista civilis Rondani.)的飞行规律,本文采用吊飞试验及相关生理生化方法,研究了不同日龄伞裙追寄蝇体内甘油酯、糖原的积累状况及5日龄不同飞行时间其体内能源物质的变化情况。结果表明:5日龄雌蝇体内糖原、甘油酯含量均到达高峰,分别为114.3517和0.7537mmol·L^(-1);雄蝇则在7日龄糖原、甘油酯含量达到最高,分别为111.6680和0.7214mmol·L^(-1)。5日龄伞裙追寄蝇飞行60min后体内糖原含量显著下降;在飞行120min后甘油酯含量下降明显。飞行60min后体内糖原含量显著下降,说明伞裙追寄蝇体内糖原含量能维持60min的飞行,120~240min后糖原含量达到最低,此时甘油酯含量也有明显降低的趋势,说明120min后糖原迅速耗尽,此后飞行所需的能量由甘油酯提供。
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(30870331)The Research Foundation of the Experi ment Centre of Shenyang Normal University(SY200801,201-52010905)
文摘首次报告了双翅目追寄蝇族一中国新纪录属:梳寄蝇属Ctenophorinia Mesnil(成虫的复眼被密而长的黄毛,下2/3颜脊具钝长、直立,有一定间隔的鬃;触角芒第二节长是宽的2到5倍;雌体中足基节具一列强大的刺;翅R4+5脉基部仅背面具小鬃毛;腹部第一、二合背板中央凹陷达后缘;第三、四背板无中心鬃),二中国新记录种,克氏梳蚤寄蝇C.christianae Ziegler et Shima,黄额梳蚤寄蝇C.frontalis Ziegler et Shima。首次描述高氏毒蛾寄蝇Parasetigena takaoi(Mesnil)的雌性(分布:辽宁本溪)和强壮追寄蝇Exorista fortis Chao的雄性(分布:浙江天目山和广东大东山),并绘制了其外生殖器图;研究标本保存于沈阳师范大学和中山大学昆虫标本馆。
基金Supported by National Key R&D Project“Prevention and Control Techniques and Product Development of Natural Enemies”(SQ2017ZY060059)
文摘[Objective ] The paper was to investigate the major cold-resistant materials and their content variation in the diapause process of Exorista civilis Ronda- hi. [Method] The total carbohydrate, protein and glycerin of E. civilis Randani in the diapause process were examined. [Result] The glycogen content in dia- pause stage was higher than that in non-diapause stage, and the difference was significant; the glycogen contents in pupal stage reached the maximum values of 156. 73 and 68.32 p~/mg, respectively. The protein content was higher in non-diapause stage of E. civilis Rondani before entering diapause stage, and reached the max- imum value of 78.34 μg/mg in the pupal stage ; while the maximum value in non-diapanse stage was 72.95μg/mg. The glycerin content of adults in non-diapause and diapanse stage was very low; the glycerin concentration in diapause stage was higher than that in non-diapause stage throughout the whole development stage ex- cept the pupal stage, and the difference was significant. [ Conclusion] Glycogen is the most important cold resistant substance in the diapause process of E. civilis Rondani.
