Some results of modeling D-D seismogenic pattern by the fracture model experiment of large-scale rock samples(I)

sing the natural limestone samples taken from the field with dimension of 500 mm×500 mm×1 000 mm, the D-D (dilatancy-diffusion) seismogeny pattern was modeled under the condition of water injection, which observes the time-space evolutionary features about the relative physics fields of the loaded samples from deformation, formation of microcracks to the occurrence of main rupture. The results of observed apparent resistivity show: ① The process of the deformation from microcrack to main rupture on the loaded rock sample could be characterized by the precursory spatial-temporal changes in the observation of apparent resistivity; ② The precursory temporal changes of observation in apparent resistivity could be divided into several stages, and its spatial distribution shows the difference in different parts of the rock sample; ③ Before the main rupture of the rock sample the obvious ″tendency anomaly′ and ′short-term anomaly″ were observed, and some of them could be likely considered as the ″impending earthquake ″anomaly precursor of apparent resistivity. The changes and distribution features of apparent resistivity show that they are intrinsically related to the dilatancy phenomenon of the loaded rock sample. Finally, this paper discusses the mechanism of resistivity change of loaded rock sample theoretically.

Analytical quality-by-design approach for sample treatment of BSA-containing solutions

The sample preparation of samples conlaining bovine serum albumin（BSA）,e.g..as used in transdermal Franz diffusion cell（FDC） solutions,was evaluated using an analytical qualily-by-design（QbD）approach.Traditional precipitation of BSA by adding an equal volume of organic solvent,often successfully used with conventional HPLC-PDA,was found insufficiently robust when novel fused-core HPLC and/or UPLC-MS methods were used.In this study,three factors（acetonitrile（%）.formic acid（%） and boiling time（min）） were included in the experimental design to determine an optimal and more suitable sample treatment of BSAcontaining FDC solutions.Using a QbD and Derringer desirability（D） approach,combining BSA loss,dilution factor and variability,we constructed an optimal working space with the edge of failure defined as D〈0.9.The design space is modelled and is confirmed to have an ACN range of 83 ± 3% and FA content of 1 ±0.25%.

Estimation of Durability of Profit of Small and Medium Enterprises by Statistical Matching

This study computes the durability of Return on Assets （ROA） in small and medium enterprises from different sample datasets. Utilizing information from the Financial Statements Statistics of Corporations by Industry, it verifies the precision of correlation coefficients using the Non-iterative Bayesian-based Imputation （NIBAS） and multiple imputation method for all combinations of common variables with auxiliary files. The following are the three important findings of this paper. First, statistical matching estimates of higher precision can be obtained using key variable sets with higher canonical correlation coefficients. Second, even if the key variable sets have high canonical correlation coefficients, key variables that are correlated extremely strongly with target variables and have high kurtosis should not be used. Finally, using auxiliary flies can improve the precision of statistical matching estimates. Accordingly, the durability of ROA in small and medium enterprises is computed. The author finds that the series of ROA correlation fluctuates for smaller enterprises compared to larger ones, and thus, the vulnerability of ROA in small and medium enterprises can be clarified via statistical matching.

Seed and Wasp Production in the Mutualism of Figs and Fig Wasps

Figs (Moracea: Ficus) and fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chlocloids: Agaonideae) depend on each other to complete their reproduction. Monoecious fig species and their pollinating wasps are in conflict over the use of fig ovaries which can either produce one seed or one wasp. From observation on Ficus virens Ait., we showed that female flowers with outer layer of ovaries (near to the wall of syconium) had no significant difference from that with inner and interval layer of ovaries (near to the syconium cavity), in which most seeds and wasps were produced. This meant that fig tree provided the same potential resource for seed and wasps production. Observation indicated that there was usually only one foundress in syconium at female flower phase and no com- petition pollinators. Measurement of the style length of female flowers and the ovipositor of pollinators indicated that most ovaries could be reached by pollinator’s ovipositor. However, at the male flower phase, production of seeds was significantly more than that of wasps including non-pollinating wasps but there was no significant difference between seed and pollinating wasp production when without non-pollinating wasps produced. This result indicated that non-pollinating wasps competed ovaries not with seeds but with pollinating wasps for ovipositing. Bagged experiment showed that the sampling fig species was not self-sterile which was important for figs and wasps to survive bad season. Seed production in self-pollinated figs was not significantly different from total wasps in- cluding non-pollinating ones. This might be related with the weaker competition among wasps since bagged figs were not easy to reach by wasps from outside.

Exploratory Analysis on Dictated Handwriting Samples

Dictated handwriting samples are widely used in practice due to their simplicity,convenience,and practicality.However,dictation is typically listed as one of the many collection methods in textbooks and monographs,and there is usually no separate section focusing on dictated handwriting samples.Therefore,further study of dictated handwriting samples will have important practical significance.Consideration of the definition,existing problems,collection techniques,and critical aspects of dictated handwriting samples willsupport investigators and document examiners in their professional abilities and contribute to the theoretical system of document examination.In this article,an exploratory analysis will be conducted and ideas about dictated handwriting samples will be shared,including the definition of dictated samples,their relationship to experimental samples,practical problems,feasible collection methods,and some critical points that require special attention.Dictation is widely used but problematic because of a lack of quantity and low levels of comparability.Those difficulties are mainly caused by a lack of theoreticalstudy and understanding of the requirements and collection techniques of dictated handwriting samples among first‑line investigators.Dictated samples should be collected based on subjective and objective conditions of formation with aims to improve comparability and five similarities.Further studies are needed to improve the theoretical system and practical use of dictated samples so that they can contribute to successfully reaching conclusions in investigations.