Korea Peninsula Landscape Extends from Continent End

The Korea peninsula extends southward from the eastern end of the Asian continent. It is divided just slightly north of the 38th parallel. The peninsula is roughly 1020 km(612 miles) long and 175 km( 105 miles) wide at its narrowest point.

SAC contributes ideas to ISO Strategy and extends standards cooperation with BSI

SAMR Vice-Minister and SAC Administrator Tian Shihong as the Leader of the Chinese delegation attended the 109th ISO Council Meeting in Costa Rica and subsequently the fourth meeting of the China-UK Standardization Cooperati on Commissi on in the UK from June 10 to 17.

基于ExtendSim的自适应CONWIP控制策略研究

在多产品多阶段系统,需求的产生和服务时间是随机的,为了控制这类系统,针对已有的推式(Push)和拉式(Pull)生产控制策略使用的局限性,提出带有自适应看板和独立需求信息的拉式自适应定量在制品控制策略。并以示例通过建立Extend Sim仿真模型说明提出策略的可行性,能够应对生产过程中的多类波动。

基于ExtendSim的金矿浮选过程仿真研究

金矿浮选过程是黄金选冶的重要生产环节之一。针对金矿浮选过程参变量多、解析难及缺乏准确的机理模型等问题,以国内某金矿选矿厂浮选工艺为背景,基于Extend Sim仿真软件构建了金矿浮选过程仿真系统,对金矿浮选过程进行仿真研究。其中,该系统的仿真功能主要通过浮选相关数学模型实现,包括生产计划优化模型、金矿浮选矿量分配模型、浮选药剂量模型及生产指标预测模型等,将这些数学模型应用于建立仿真系统,可实现对金矿浮选多个方面的模型仿真。在所开发的仿真系统上开展仿真实验研究,实验结果验证了该系统的有效性。

LASER SHOCK PROCESSING EXTENDS FATIGUE LIFE OF 2024T62

Anewtechnology──lasershockprocessing(LSP)forimprovingthemechanicalpropertiesofmetals,especiallyfatiguelife,ispresented.Themechanismofstresswavegeneratedbylasershockingisdescribed,andthestresswaveismeasuredwithPVDFtransducer.Ahigh-powerdensity,neodyrnium-glasslaserwasusedforshockingaluminumalloy,thefatiguelifeofaluminumalloywasincreasedgreatly.With95%confidence,thefatiguelifeofLSPspecimensis5.4to14.5timeslongerthantheunshockedSpecimensLaser s

Outcomes of a non-diffractive extended depth of focus intraocular lens in patients with well-controlled glaucoma and ocular hypertension

AIM:To assess visual outcomes and satisfaction of a non-diffractive extended depth of focus(EDOF)intraocular lens(IOL)in individuals with ocular hypertension(OHT)and well-controlled mild glaucoma undergoing cataract surgery.METHODS:An investigator-initiated,single-center,prospective,interventional,noncomparative study conducted in Montreal,Canada.The study enrolled 31 patients(55 eyes)with OHT or mild glaucoma who received a non-diffractive EDOF IOL(Acrysof IQ Vivity).Participants underwent sequential cataract surgery with the Vivity IOL.Follow-up evaluations occurred at 1d,1,and 3mo postoperatively,assessing uncorrected distance,intermediate,and near visual acuity.Questionnaires(QUVID:Questionnaire for visual disturbances and IOLSAT:Intraocular lens satisfaction)were administered pre and post-operatively to measure visual disturbances and spectacle independence in various lighting.Safety parameters included intraocular pressure(IOP),glaucoma medications,spherical equivalence,mean deviation and pattern standard deviation or square root of lost variance on Octopus visual field.RESULTS:At 1 and 3mo postoperatively,significant improvements were observed in uncorrected distance and intermediate visual acuity.Spectacle independence was enhanced for distance and intermediate vision,especially in bright light settings.Spectacle-free intermediate vision was improved even in dim lighting.Visual disturbances,particularly glare symptoms,were reduced,and there was a notable decrease in IOP and glaucoma medication burden at 3mo.There was more hazy vision postoperatively with no impact on visual acuity and visual satisfaction.CONCLUSION:The non-diffractive EDOF lens improves distance and intermediate spectacle-free visual function in patients with OHT and well-controlled glaucoma.The findings highlight significant improvements in visual acuity,reduced glare,enhanced spectacle independence,and improved visual performance in different lighting conditions.

U.S.Study Explores Why Eating Less Extends Life

王生豹同志的来稿,不仅为读者选了值得一试的佳文,而且为读者逐段编写了评注,形式新颖,而且内容实在。想必读者一定喜欢。我们也期盼有更多王生豹一样的作者,为本刊输送美文!

Research on the navigation method of large-scale differential tail-control improvised guided munitions based on rotational speed constraints

In the process of launching guided projectile under the conventional system, it is difficult to effectively obtain the precise navigation parameters of the projectile in the high dynamic environment. Aiming at this problem, this paper describes a new system of guided ammunition based on tail spin reduction. After analyzing the mechanism of the ammunition's tail spin reduction, a navigation method of large scale difference tail control simple guided ammunition based on speed constraint is proposed. In this method,the corresponding navigation constraints can be carried out by combining the rotation speed state of the ammunition itself, and the optimal solution of navigation parameters during the flight of the missile can be obtained by Extended Kalman Filter(EKF). Finally, the performance of the proposed method was verified by the simulation environment, and the hardware-in-the-loop simulation test and flight test were carried out to verify the performance of the method in the real environment. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve the optimal estimation of navigation parameters for simple guided ammunition with large-scale difference tail control. Under the conditions of simulation test and hardware-in-loop simulation test, the position and velocity errors calculated by the method in this paper converged. Under the condition of flight test, the spatial average error calculated by the method described in this paper is 6.17 m, and the spatial error of the final landing point is 3.50 m.Through this method, the accurate acquisition of navigation parameters in the process of projectile launching is effectively realized.

A guidance and control design with reduced information for a dual-spin stabilized projectile

In this paper,an integrated guidance and control method based on an adaptive path-following controller is proposed to control a spin-stabilized projectile with only translational motion information under the constraint of an actuator,uncertainties in aerodynamic parameters and measurements,and control system complexity.Owing to the fairly high rotation speed,the dynamic model of this missile is strongly nonlinear,uncertain and coupled in pitch,yaw and roll channels.A theoretical equivalent resultant force and uncertainty compensation method are comprehensively used to realize decoupling of pitch and yaw.In response to the strong nonlinear and time-varying characteristics of the dynamic system,the quasi-linear model whose parameters are obtained by interpolation of points selected as the segmentation points in the trajectory envelope,is used for calculation in each step.To cope with the system uncertainty caused by model approximation,parameter uncertainty and ballistic interference,an extended state estimator is used to compensate the output feedback according to the test ballistic angle.In order to improve the tracking efficiency and ensure the tracking error convergence with only translational motion information,the virtual guide point,whose derivative is deduced according to the Lyapunov principle,is calculated in real time according to the projection relationship between the real-time position and the reference trajectory,and a virtual line-of-sight angle and the backstepping method are used for the design of the guidance and control system.In order to avoid the influence of control input saturation on the guidance and control performance due to the actuator limitation and improve the robustness of the system,an anti-saturation compensator is designed according to the two-step method.The feasibility and effectiveness of the path-following controller is verified through closed-loop flight simulations with measurement,control,and condition uncertainties.The results indicate that the designed controller can converge to the reference path and evidently decrease the distance between the impact point and target under different uncertainties.

Model-driven full system dynamics estimation of PMSM-driven chain shell magazine

Based on the system dynamic model, a full system dynamics estimation method is proposed for a chain shell magazine driven by a permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM). An adaptive extended state observer(AESO) is proposed to estimate the unmeasured states and disturbance, in which the model parameters are adjusted in real time. Theoretical analysis shows that the estimation errors of the disturbances and unmeasured states converge exponentially to zero, and the parameter estimation error can be obtained from the extended state. Then, based on the extended state of the AESO, a novel parameter estimation law is designed. Due to the convergence of AESO, the novel parameter estimation law is insensitive to controllers and excitation signal. Under persistent excitation(PE) condition, the estimated parameters will converge to a compact set around the actual parameter value. Without PE signal, the estimated parameters will converge to zero for the extended state. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately estimate the unmeasured states and disturbance of the chain shell magazine, and the estimated parameters will converge to the actual value without strictly continuous PE signals.

Extended finite element-based cohesive zone method for modeling simultaneous hydraulic fracture height growth in layered reservoirs

In this study,a fully coupled hydromechanical model within the extended finite element method(XFEM)-based cohesive zone method(CZM)is employed to investigate the simultaneous height growth behavior of multi-cluster hydraulic fractures in layered porous reservoirs with modulus contrast.The coupled hydromechanical model is first verified against an analytical solution and a laboratory experiment.Then,the fracture geometry(e.g.height,aperture,and area)and fluid pressure evolutions of multiple hydraulic fractures placed in a porous reservoir interbedded with alternating stiff and soft layers are investigated using the model.The stress and pore pressure distributions within the layered reservoir during fluid injection are also presented.The simulation results reveal that stress umbrellas are easily to form among multiple hydraulic fractures’tips when propagating in soft layers,which impedes the simultaneous height growth.It is also observed that the impediment effect of soft layer is much more significant in the fractures suppressed by the preferential growth of adjoining fractures.After that,the combined effect of in situ stress ratio and fracturing spacing on the multi-fracture height growth is presented,and the results elucidate the influence of in situ stress ratio on the height growth behavior depending on the fracture spacing.Finally,it is found that the inclusion of soft layers changes the aperture distribution of outmost and interior hydraulic fractures.The results obtained from this study may provide some insights on the understanding of hydraulic fracture height containment observed in filed.

The Extended Hybrid Carrier-Based Multiple Access Technology for High Mobility Scenarios

The hybrid carrier(HC)system rooted in the carrier fusion concept is gradually garnering attention.In this paper,we study the extended hybrid carrier(EHC)multiple access scheme to ensure reliable wireless communication.By employing the EHC modulation,a power layered multiplexing framework is realized,which exhibits enhanced interference suppression capability owing to the more uniform energy distribution design.The implementation method and advantage mechanism are explicated respectively for the uplink and downlink,and the performance analysis under varying channel conditions is provided.In addition,considering the connectivity demand,we explore the non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)method of the EHC system and develop the EHC sparse code multiple access scheme.The proposed scheme melds the energy spread superiority of EHC with the access capacity of NOMA,facilitating superior support for massive connectivity in high mobility environments.Simulation results have verified the feasibility and advantages of the proposed scheme.Compared with existing HC multiple access schemes,the proposed scheme exhibits robust bit error rate performance and can better guarantee multiple access performance in complex scenarios of nextgeneration communications.

Extending the solid solution range of sodium ferric pyrophosphate:Off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)as a novel cathode for sodium‐ion batteries

Iron‐based pyrophosphates are attractive cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries due to their large framework,cost‐effectiveness,and high energy density.However,the understanding of the crystal structure is scarce and only a limited candidates have been reported so far.In this work,we found for the first time that a continuous solid solution,Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)(0≤α≤1,could be obtained by mutual substitution of cations at center‐symmetric Na3 and Na4 sites while keeping the crystal building blocks of anionic P_(2)O_(7) unchanged.In particular,a novel off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)is thus proposed,and its structure,energy storage mechanism,and electrochemical performance are extensively investigated to unveil the structure–function relationship.The as‐prepared off‐stoichiometric electrode delivers appealing performance with a reversible discharge capacity of 83 mAh g^(−1),a working voltage of 2.9 V(vs.Na^(+)/Na),the retention of 89.2%of the initial capacity after 500 cycles,and enhanced rate capability of 51 mAh g^(−1)at a current density of 1600 mA g^(−1).This research shows that sodium ferric pyrophosphate could form extended solid solution composition and promising phase is concealed in the range of Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2),offering more chances for exploration of new cathode materials for the construction of high‐performance SIBs.

Extending homogeneous fluidization flow regime of Geldart-A particles by exerting axial uniform and steady magnetic field

The homogeneous/particulate fluidization flow regime is particularly suitable for handling the various gas–solid contact processes encountered in the chemical and energy industry.This work aimed to extend such a regime of Geldart-A particles by exerting the axial uniform and steady magnetic field.Under the action of the magnetic field,the overall homogeneous fluidization regime of Geldart-A magnetizable particles became composed of two parts:inherent homogeneous fluidization and newly-created magnetic stabilization.Since the former remained almost unchanged whereas the latter became broader as the magnetic field intensity increased,the overall homogeneous fluidization regime could be extended remarkably.As for Geldart-A nonmagnetizable particles,certain amount of magnetizable particles had to be premixed to transmit the magnetic stabilization.Among others,the mere addition of magnetizable particles could broaden the homogeneous fluidization regime.The added content of magnetizable particles had an optimal value with smaller/lighter ones working better.The added magnetizable particles might raise the ratio between the interparticle force and the particle gravity.After the magnetic field was exerted,the homogeneous fluidization regime was further expanded due to the formation of magnetic stabilization flow regime.The more the added magnetizable particles,the better the magnetic performance and the broader the overall homogeneous fluidization regime.Smaller/lighter magnetizable particles were preferred to maximize the magnetic performance and extend the overall homogeneous fluidization regime.This phenomenon could be ascribed to that the added magnetizable particles themselves became more Geldart-A than-B type as their density or size decreased.

Nest decoration:Black feathers prevent Crested Mynas from nest usurpation

Nests are important structures for birds to raise their offspring and for signaling.Many birds incorporate feathers into the nest,since feathers were traditionally thought to serve the function of insulation.Hypotheses in recent years have considered that some birds place feathers in conspicuous locations in the nest for decoration to trigger a fear response in the competitors.In this study,we investigated whether decorative feathers could deter nest usurpation by Crested Mynas(Acridotheres cristatellus)by manipulating nest box contents.The results revealed that Crested Mynas preferred black feathers to white feathers as decorations and occupied nest boxes decorated with black feathers significantly less than those decorated with white feathers,suggesting that black decorative feathers in the nest could be more effective in preventing nest usurpation by Crested Mynas and that white decorative feathers may have other functions.The black feathers in the nest are prominently placed at the edge of the nest to convey the message that“this nest is occupied”or“the owner of this nest has been preyed upon”to visitor Crested Mynas,thus effectively preventing them from usurping the nest at a later stage.

A stepwise approach to enhancing flotation of low-grade zinnwaldite through the cationic/DL-2-octanol/anionic reagent combinations: Behavior and mechanism analysis

In order to alleviate the pressure on the supply of lithium resources, this research proposes the use of binary/ternary collectors with high selectivity and collecting ability to enhance the flotation purification of low-grade zinnwaldite ore. The binary collector is a mixture of dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether and DL-2-octanol. A binary collector is added first, followed by sodium oleate, known as a ternary collector. Under acidic conditions, the recovery of Li2O in the concentrate was increased by 8.26% with the binary collector and 13.70% with the ternary collector, compared to the dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether. The binary collector enhanced the dispersibility of the single collector, while co-adsorption strengthened the hydrophobic nature of the zinnwaldite surface. Consequently, zinnwaldite particles,after the application of binary collector, displayed inter-particle flocculation and attachment to bubbles within 60×10^(-9)m compared to other particles. Ternary collector exhibited the capacity to lower critical micelle concentration and surface tension, subsequently inducing a denser and thicker hydrophobic layer through electrostatic forces, hydrophobic interactions, and chemical reactions. The objective of this research is to facilitate the recovery of lithium resources from low-grade ores in order to meet the needs of sustainable development.

Extended reading板块教学设计

根据《普通高中英语课程标准(2017年版2020修订)》(以下简称“新课标”),教师应引导学生广泛阅读,提升阅读能力,丰富语言、人文和科学知识,并拓展思维,增强审美、鉴赏和评价能力。广义的拓展阅读可在课堂内外开展;狭义的拓展阅读指基于单元主题,在课堂内进行的主题式拓展阅读,是对教材主阅读板块内容的延伸和内涵的拓展。[1]作为拓展阅读的素材,非故事类文本有助于学生拓宽知识面、增进对世界的认识。

“机械灌注+”应用于扩大标准供肝移植--肝尽其用

Transplantation represents the most effective treatment for end-stage liver diseases but is limited by the shortage of healthy donor organs.Extended criteria donor(ECD)liver grafts are increasingly utilized in clinical practice to mitigate this challenge.However,impaired ischemic tolerance of these grafts jeopardizes organ viability during cold storage.Machine perfusion(MP)was designed to improve organ preservation and reduce posttransplant complications.Nevertheless,it is increasingly evident that MP alone may not preserve ECD grafts optimally.Increasing emphasis has thus been placed on modified MP strategies,including the use of different perfusates,modified perfusion modalities,and different therapeutic interventions.Here,we introduce a novel term,"MP Plus,"denoting these additional strategies that are designed to restore organ function and potentially enable regeneration of ECD grafts.In this review,we summarize the existing and potential modified MP strategies and discuss their advantages in reconditioning different ECD grafts in clinical settings.

2D DOA Estimation of Coherent Signals with a Separated Linear Acoustic Vector-Sensor Array

In this paper, a two-dimensional(2D) DOA estimation algorithm of coherent signals with a separated linear acoustic vector-sensor(AVS) array consisting of two sparse AVS arrays is proposed. Firstly,the partitioned spatial smoothing(PSS) technique is used to construct a block covariance matrix, so as to decorrelate the coherency of signals. Then a signal subspace can be obtained by singular value decomposition(SVD) of the covariance matrix. Using the signal subspace, two extended signal subspaces are constructed to compensate aperture loss caused by PSS.The elevation angles can be estimated by estimation of signal parameter via rotational invariance techniques(ESPRIT) algorithm. At last, the estimated elevation angles can be used to estimate automatically paired azimuth angles. Compared with some other ESPRIT algorithms, the proposed algorithm shows higher estimation accuracy, which can be proved through the simulation results.