Field measurements for calibration of simplified models of the stiffening effect of infill masonry walls in high-rise RC framed and shear-wall buildings

As a type of nonstructural component, infill walls play a significant role in the seismic behavior of high-rise buildings. However, the stiffness of the infill wall is generally either ignored or considered by simplified empirical criteria that lead to a period shortening. The difference can be greatly decreased by using a structural identification methodology. In this study, an ambient vibration test was performed on four on-site reinforced concrete high-rise buildings, and the design results were compared with the PKPM models using corresponding finite element(FE) models. A diagonal strut model was used to simulate the behavior of the infill wall, and the identified modal parameters measured from the on-site test were employed to calibrate the parameters of the diagonal strut in the FE models. The SAP2000 models with calibrated elastic modulus were used to evaluate the seismic response in the elastic state. Based on the load-displacement relationship of the infill wall, nonlinear dynamic analysis models were built in PERFORM-3 D and calibrated using the measured modal periods. The analysis results revealed that the structural performance under small/large earthquake records were both strengthened by infill walls, and the contribution of infill walls should be considered for better accuracy in the design process.

Study on Steel Bar Construction Technology of Frameshear Wall in High-Rise Buildings

The development of the construction sector is rapidly growing,which induce competition at global level.In order to achieve the current economic development,more high-rise buildings construction projects were commenced without considering importance of the land to human and other living organism.On the other hand,the quality and safety aspect of the engineering technology used must be analyzed carefully and to be the primary aim for engineers to reduce any risk of harm in future.Many of the high-rise buildings in China consist of a frame or skeleton of reinforced concrete wall which need to be strengthened with shear walls to improve the stability and safety of the structures.According to practical work experience and relevant theoretical knowledge,the researcher introduced the reinforcement construction technology of frame-shear wall for high-rise buildings in depth from aspects like the arrangement of steel bar,construction preparation,steel bar anchorage,precautions to follow for the related work in future.

Prevention and Control Measures for Vertical Spread of Fire along the External Wall of High-rise Buildings

In the analysis and research of few cases on the characteristics of vertical"burning"and spreading of fire in high-rise buildings in China and overseas,the mechanism of vertical spreading of fire along external wall is caused by hot pressing and wind pressure existing in high-rise buildings.The use of external wall combustible materials and near-window combustible items resulted in the formation of high temperature pyrotechnics and the burning of the external wall.Besides,due to the lack of fire-fighting measurements in high-rise building,it is recommended that the external wall of the high-rise building should be equipped with vertical fire-proof partitioning and non-combustible materials by setting up an automatic fire-fighting water curtain system along the vertical section of the external wall and above the indoor window.Therefore,the automatic sprinkler can be set up to prevent the fire from spreading vertically along the external wall of the building effectively.

Research on Building Exterior Wall Decoration and Its Energy Saving Optimization

This paper mainly uses the method of numerical simulation, and study thermal insulation and energy saving characteristics on the exterior walls of the building and analyze the optimal layout scheme of building exterior wall and thermal insulation system. Finally, the paper study optimal thickness of insulation materials. The paper elaborate scheme of the existing building energy-saving for exterior wall and the scope of application, the system structure and the construction technology. The results showed that： extruded benzene board that can be used for exterior insulation, frame structure filled with wall preferred ceramsite hollow block. The paper can provides reference selection of insulation for building external wall energy-saving transformation scheme.

Overview of Automatic Spraying Technology for Building Exterior Walls

The spraying robot for building exterior walls is an innovative technology in the field of modern construction.This paper discusses its design structure,application cases,technical benefits,and industrial impacts.Research shows that this type of robot improves the efficiency and quality of exterior wall construction.Its intelligent design enhances operation accuracy and safety,reduces costs and risks,and strengthens application ability in complex environments,showing broad application prospects and symbolizing the development trend of intelligence and automation in the industry.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen its intelligence and adaptive ability further,explore multi-function design,promote automation technology,and ensure construction safety and economic benefits.

高层台体建筑外墙吊篮施工技术

本文主要研究的是如何在高层台体建筑外墙施工中使用普通吊篮进行施工。文中以浙江某网红大楼项目为例,针对台体造型高层建筑外墙施工,设计吊篮施工方案,解决高层台体建筑外墙吊篮施工技术难题。

节能型建筑外墙保温系统施工技术分析

针对节能型建筑外墙保温系统的施工技术进行了系统研究。通过传热学理论分析,建立了外墙保温系统的等效热阻及节能率计算模型。采用试验方法,测试了保温材料、粘结材料和锚固件的性能参数,并通过正交试验优化了外墙保温系统的施工工艺参数。利用建筑能耗模拟软件,评估了不同气候区节能型外墙保温系统的节能效果,分析了影响节能效果的主要因素。总结了节能型外墙保温系统施工质量控制要点,剖析了常见质量问题的成因,提出了相应的防治措施。研究表明,应用节能型外墙保温系统可显著降低建筑能耗,针对性优化设计和施工是保障其节能效果和施工质量的关键。

学校教学楼外墙饰面施工技术的应用探讨

本研究从宏观层面深入探讨了学校教学楼外墙饰面施工技术的实际应用,旨在全面保障其美观性、耐久性和安全性。研究分析了关键材料选择、工艺流程优化、质量控制措施以及安全管理等方面,发现高性能涂料与复合板材等新型材料表现优异,先进喷涂技术和定位系统有效提升了施工效率与质量。同时,严格的质量控制与全面的安全管理确保了施工规范与安全,预防了安全事故的发生。通过实证研究,验证了所提施工技术的可行性和有效性,为同类工程提供了重要参考,未来还需关注新技术、新材料的应用与发展,以持续提升施工质量。

Seismic design and analysis of a high-rise self-centering wallbuilding:Case study

Post-tensioning self-centering walls are a well-developed and resilient technology.However,despite extensive research,the application of this technology has previously been limited to low-rise buildings.A ten-story selfcentering wall building has now been designed and constructed using the state-of-art design methodologies and construction detailing,as described in this paper.The building is designed in accordance with direct displacement-based design methodology,with modification of seismic demand due to relevant issues including higher-mode effects,second order effects,torsional effects,and flexural deformation of wall panels.Wall sections are designed with external energydissipating devices of steel dampers,and seismic performance of such designed self-centering walls is evaluated through numerical simulation.It is the first engineering project that uses self-centering walls in a high-rise building.The seismic design procedure of such a high-rise building,using self-centering wall structures,is comprehensively reviewed in this work,and additional proposals are put forward.Description of construction detailing,including slotted beams,flexible wall-to-floor connections,embedded beams,and damper installation,is provided.The demonstration project promotes the concept of seismic resilient structures and contributes to the most appealing city planning strategy of resilient cities at present.The paper could be a reference for industry engineers to promote the self-centering wall systems worldwide.

安徽省典型超低能耗居住建筑外墙材料全生命周期碳排放测算

通过调研安徽省的超低能耗居住建筑,总结出常用的保温形式和保温材料,结合实际项目,得出7种典型外墙构造。从全生命周期角度,对这7种外墙构造在建材生产阶段、建材运输阶段、外墙施工阶段、外墙维护阶段、外墙拆除阶段的碳排放量进行测算。结果表明:建材生产阶段的碳排放量占比最大,达到总碳排放量的70%以上;装配式比非装配式的总碳排放量降低6%左右;内外复合保温外墙的总碳排放量最大,比“夹心保温+外保温外墙”的碳排放量高18%以上,比外保温外墙的碳排放量高11%以上;不同的保温材料和墙体材料对外墙的总碳排放量影响较小。通过分析比较,得出碳排放最优的外墙构造,从建材角度为降碳提供依据和方法。

一种填料优化改性的建筑外墙密封胶性能研究

密封胶的质量与性能对装配式建筑外墙接缝处理具有直接影响,利用密封胶填补接缝,可以防止水分渗透,避免结构材料的破坏,从而延长建筑物的使用寿命。研究制备一种装配式建筑外墙接缝用改性密封胶,将其用于装配式建筑外墙接缝过程,为装配式建筑外墙提供加固支撑。通过进行装配式建筑伸缩缝的嵌缝处理,完成装配式建筑伸缩缝的养护后,对伸缩缝粘接性能、硬度性能、拉伸性能进行测试。实验发现,在碳酸钙填料的质量分数占比2.5%时,制备得到的改性密封胶具有最佳的力学性能和加固性能等,更适用于装配式建筑外墙接缝的实际应用。

不同气候区域下气凝胶泡沫混凝土的节能性研究

新型高性能气凝胶泡沫混凝土具有超高保温隔热性能,因其优良的防火性能、高耐久性能和低吸湿性能,目前已成为建筑保温隔热、节能减碳领域的热点研究方向之一。为探究气凝胶泡沫混凝土墙体在中国四个不同气候区下的节能性,本文通过建筑能耗模拟软件EnergyPlus,将气凝胶泡沫混凝土与传统泡沫混凝土应用于住宅建筑的外墙中,对建筑的全年、月度能耗进行对比分析。结果表明气凝胶泡沫混凝土能够节能2.1%-6%。研究结果可为气凝胶泡沫混凝土的推广与应用提供参考。

夏热冬冷地区办公建筑节能改造设计研究

本文主要探究了夏热冬冷地区某办公建筑的节能改造设计方案。调查发现,该办公建筑一天之中8-18时能耗较高;一年之中夏季能耗最高,冬季次之;空调能耗在总能耗中的占比最大。基于实用性和经济性原则,选择建筑围护结构进行了节能设计,外墙方面使用EPS保温板,屋顶设计成种植屋面,外窗改造成真空玻璃窗和双层玻璃幕墙。结果表明,相比于原建筑,使用节能设计方案后外墙、屋顶和外窗的传热系数均有大幅度的降低,使得建筑保温隔热性能明显提升,达到了节能降耗的效果。

基于航拍图像与改进U-Net的建筑外墙裂缝检测方法

针对建筑外墙裂缝人工检测方法检测效率低、检测效果和安全性差的问题,提出基于航拍图像与计算机视觉的裂缝检测方法。使用无人机绕建筑物航拍采集裂缝图像,并构建裂缝数据集;优化U-Net模型以解决细长裂缝分割不连续、复杂背景下裂缝漏检及背景误检的问题。将模型编码网络替换为预训练的ResNet50以提升模型特征表达能力;添加改进的多孔空间金字塔池化(Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling,ASPP)模块,获取多尺度上下文信息;采用改进的损失函数处理裂缝图像正负样本分布极度不均的问题。结果表明:改进的U-Net模型解决了原模型存在的问题,IoU指标和F1_score分别提升了3.53%、4.18%;与经典分割模型相比,改进模型的裂缝分割性能最优。与人工检测方法相比,所提方法可以安全、高效且准确地进行建筑外墙裂缝检测。

从BIPV(光伏建筑一体化)到BIPVES(光伏储能建筑一体化)

[目的]随着光伏、储能、新型建材及装配式建筑产业的发展,将光伏组件与屋面、墙体、遮阳等构件进行一体化设计与制造的光伏建筑一体化(Building Integrated Photovoltaic,BIPV)技术开始延伸为光伏储能建筑一体化(Building Integrated Photovoltaic and Energy Storge,BIPVES)技术。[方法]文章提出世界首个可充电水泥电池,将建筑墙体与光伏发电装置、储放电装置相融合;对设备和材料进行跨界创新,在玻璃表面打印高清晰度、高透光率花纹图案,制造高效光伏建材;研发预制式储能墙体,与各类钢结构装配式建筑体系进行结合,实现订制式生产、装配式施工,形成建筑构件与光伏、储能一体化的变革趋势。[结果]水泥基电池实现了建筑墙体具有光伏发电、储电以及供电等多种功能;新一代光伏建材可节省建筑外立面装饰材料的成本,降低建筑物碳排放;光伏和储能等可再生能源技术在建筑中的一体化集成,可取得最大化收益。[结论]新型光伏建材技术和水泥电池等新型储能技术具有发展前景,将可充电电池构件、光伏外墙板与装配式建筑墙体及预埋件进行组合集成并推广应用具有可行性。

高层住宅外墙门窗安装工艺与防渗漏措施探讨

研究了高层住宅外墙门窗安装工艺与防渗漏措施,从施工准备、门窗框安装、门窗扇安装、玻璃安装、成品保护等主要环节着手,分析了门窗安装工艺技术要点,并对因设计原因、材料原因、施工原因而产生的渗漏问题进行剖析,并提出了针对性的处理措施,以提高外墙门窗防渗漏效果,更好地满足住宅使用需求。

建筑外墙外保温系统节能施工技术探析

伴随当下社会的不断进步,科学技术的日益提高同样促使建筑行业迈入了一个崭新的台阶,这也就促使人们开始将目光转移到居住环境上来,尤其是房屋建筑方面的需求也越来越高。当前,与建筑物外保温有关的技术已引起社会各方的高度重视,它直接影响着人类是否能够获得一个更为舒适的居住环境。作者从建筑外墙外保温系统节能技术的概况入手,对外墙外保温系统的施工工艺进行了较为系统的讨论,希望可以为提高我国建筑外墙外保温工程的品质,同时也为相关研究提供一些借鉴。

城市更新项目中外墙保温技术应用

本文主要探讨了城市更新项目中老旧小区外墙保温技术的应用。通过分析老旧小区建筑外墙节能保温的现状,阐述了外墙保温技术的意义和重要性。本文从建筑外墙保温构造做法、工艺流程、施工中容易忽略的问题及保温施工通病及措施等四个方面,介绍了各种节能保温技术的具体应用方法和效果。最后,总结了城市更新项目中老旧小区外墙保温技术的发展趋势和未来发展方向。

建筑外墙保温板接缝专用改性聚醚密封胶制备及特性研究

为提升建筑外墙保温板的使用寿命,制备装配式建筑外墙保温板接缝用改性聚醚密封胶,并通过试验分析该密封胶性能。以封端硅烷偶联剂和异腈酸酯基硅烷作为改性剂,聚醚元醇作为基料制备改性聚醚密封胶,应用在装配式建筑外墙保温板接缝中。依据标准测试该密封胶的表观性能,研究养护时间、紫外光照对该密封胶的粘接强度影响,分析催化剂和填料用量对于该密封胶表观性能与拉伸性能影响。试验结果表明,该密封胶表观性能符合标准,养护7 d后粘接性能基本稳定,催化剂用量20%,填料用料30%时表观性与拉伸性能最好。

外墙保温材料用防火粘结剂的制备及性能分析

为了促进建筑外墙用保温材料应用,防火等级高的保温材料是实现建筑外墙保温系统安全构建的必要举措,而防火粘结剂则是保温材料性能发挥的关键。研究主要以环氧树脂浆料、丙烯酸树脂乳液为主要原料,高分子复合乳液、固化剂、增塑剂、乳化剂等为助剂,制备了一种新型建筑外墙用保温材料防火粘结剂,并对粘结剂的性能进行了分析,结果表明,产物所有性能指标均符合要求,且与传统粘结剂相比,防火性能、耐水性能、耐久性能提升明显,可适用于我国房屋建筑用保温材料工程中。