Determination of the Content of Total Alkaloids in Different Solvent Extracts from Climbing Groundsel Herb Produced in Guizhou Province and Their Antibacterial Activity

[Objective] This study aimed to compare the contents of total alkaloids in different solvent extracts from climbing groundsel herb produced in Guizhou Province and their antibacterial activity. [Method] The content of total alkaloids was measured by UV spectrophotometry, and Oxford cups were used to investigate the antibacterial activity of each solvent extract. [Result] There was a good linear correlation between the absorbance measured by the UV spectrophotometer and the content of total al- kaloids within the concentration of 0.011 0-0.054 8 mg/ml at 207 nm, and the re- gression equation was Y=23.654X＋0.021, R=0. 999 7 and the average recovery rate was 99.2%. The contents of total alkaloids in 60% ethanol extract, 95% ethanol and water ethanol were 38.71, 52.25 and 60.50 mg/g, respectively. The 60% ethanol ex- tract had strong antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylo- coccus aureus and Escherichia coil; the water extractive had stronger antibacterial activity against Escherichia colr, 95% ethanol extract had weak antibacterial activity, with no inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. [Conclusion] This method is accurate, simple, with good repeatability, which can be used for the determination of alkaloids content of the climbing groundsel herb; there is no positive correlation between the content of total alkaloids in different solvent extracts of climbing groundsel herb and their antibacterial activity.

千里光提取物的镇痛作用及致突变性分析

将千里光全草粉用体积分数70%乙醇浸泡,经超声波-微波处理,用乙醚萃取脱色,冷冻真空干燥,制备千里光提取物冻干粉(SCE)。以对乙酰氨基酚为对照,采用醋酸扭体法和热板法研究不同剂量SCE的镇痛作用;采用骨髓微核试验研究不同剂量SCE的致突变作用。结果发现,122.72 m g/kg SCE具有显著的镇痛作用,而130.90 m g/kg SCE对雌雄小白鼠均不具有致突变作用。说明122.72-130.90 m g/kg SCE能同时满足无致突变作用和显著镇痛作用的双重条件。

千里光多酚提取物的体外抗氧化研究

研究了千里光中酚类物质的抗氧化能力.方法:利用Fenton反应产生羟自由基.OH法来研究千里光多酚、茶多酚对.OH的清除能力;利用.OH诱发卵磷脂脂质过氧化损伤来研究千里光多酚、茶多酚对脂质过氧化的抑制能力;利用.OH引发DNA损伤来研究千里光多酚、茶多酚对DNA的抑制能力.研究表明:千里光多酚、茶多酚对.OH的IC50分别为:1.120mg/mL、0.410 mg/mL;对脂质过氧化的IC50分别为0.980 mg/mL、0.950 mg/mL;对DNA损伤的IC50分别为:0.690 mg/mL、0.140 mg/mL,这表明千里光是一种优良的天然抗氧化剂和自由基清除剂.

千里光提取物的小鼠骨髓微核试验

制备了千里光70%乙醇提取物冻干粉,用昆明种雌雄性小鼠进行了该提取物的微核试验。结果发现,在雌性小鼠,中、高剂量的千里光70%乙醇提取物能够引起小鼠骨髓细胞微核发生率升高,而低剂量(130.9mg/kg)千里光70%乙醇提取物不能引起小鼠骨髓细胞微核发生率升高;在雄性小鼠,高剂量(1309.0mg/kg)千里光70%乙醇提取物能够引起小鼠骨髓细胞微核发生率升高,而低、中剂量的千里光70%乙醇提取物不能引起小鼠骨髓细胞微核发生率升高;而且小鼠骨髓细胞微核发生率与千里光70%乙醇提取物具有剂量依赖性。说明千里光70%乙醇提取物仅在较高剂量时能够对小白鼠产生致突变作用。

响应面法优化机械力辅助提取千里光酚类

以绿原酸和金丝桃苷为得率指标,考察机械球磨参数和提取参数,通过响应面法优化,获得机械力辅助提取千里光酚类的最佳工艺条件。结果表明:最佳提取工艺参数为填充率27.6%,转速308 r/min,球磨时间11.5 min。随后经单次水提10 min,绿原酸得率为(5.040±0.042)mg/g,金丝桃苷得率为(0.485±0.004)mg/g。与乙醇热回流和水煎法相比,机械力辅助提取法能在较低的温度,无需使用有机溶剂下即可快速高效地获得酚类化合物,同时大大提高金丝桃苷的得率,减少提取物中吡咯里西啶类生物碱残留。

千里光的化学成分研究

目的:研究菊科千里光属植物千里光(Senecio scandens Buch-Ham)的化学成分。方法:利用各种色谱技术进行分离,根据光谱数据鉴定结构。结果:从千里光中分离得到7个已知成分,分别鉴定为(1)阿魏酸(ferulic acid),(2)木犀草素(luteolin),(3)丁香脂素(Syringarenol),(4)香草酸(vanillic acid),(5)香草醛(vanillin),(6)胡萝卜苷(daucosterol),(7)β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)。结论:化合物(2)、(3)为首次从该植物中分离得到。