To treat many types of cancer, ionizing radiation （IR） is primarily used as external-beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy, and targeted radionuclide therapy. Exposure of tumor cells to JR can induce DNA damage as well a...To treat many types of cancer, ionizing radiation （IR） is primarily used as external-beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy, and targeted radionuclide therapy. Exposure of tumor cells to JR can induce DNA damage as well as generation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and reactive nitrogen species （RNS） which can cause non-DNA lesions or extracellular damage like lipid perioxidation. The initial radiation-induced cell responses to DNA damage and ROS like the proteolytic processing, as well as synthesis and releasing ligands （such as growth factors, cytokines, and hormone） can cause the delayed secondary responses in irradiated and unirradiated bystander cells through paracrine and autocrine pathways.展开更多
A novel estrogen dendrimer has been synthesized through a combination of divergent and convergent approaches in 9 practical steps and in good yields. It was characterized and confirmed by elemental analysis, FT-IR, MS...A novel estrogen dendrimer has been synthesized through a combination of divergent and convergent approaches in 9 practical steps and in good yields. It was characterized and confirmed by elemental analysis, FT-IR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR. The dendrimer contains 16 estrone units and is potentially a useful tool for the studies of estrogen actions.展开更多
文摘To treat many types of cancer, ionizing radiation （IR） is primarily used as external-beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy, and targeted radionuclide therapy. Exposure of tumor cells to JR can induce DNA damage as well as generation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and reactive nitrogen species （RNS） which can cause non-DNA lesions or extracellular damage like lipid perioxidation. The initial radiation-induced cell responses to DNA damage and ROS like the proteolytic processing, as well as synthesis and releasing ligands （such as growth factors, cytokines, and hormone） can cause the delayed secondary responses in irradiated and unirradiated bystander cells through paracrine and autocrine pathways.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(973 Program) Foundation (2010CB529905)
文摘A novel estrogen dendrimer has been synthesized through a combination of divergent and convergent approaches in 9 practical steps and in good yields. It was characterized and confirmed by elemental analysis, FT-IR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR. The dendrimer contains 16 estrone units and is potentially a useful tool for the studies of estrogen actions.
