Human polo-like kinases （PLK1-PLK4） have been implicated in mitotic regulation and carcinogenesis. PLK1 phosphorylates early mitotic inhibitor 1 （Emil） to ensure mitosis entry, whereas Emi2 plays a key role during...Human polo-like kinases （PLK1-PLK4） have been implicated in mitotic regulation and carcinogenesis. PLK1 phosphorylates early mitotic inhibitor 1 （Emil） to ensure mitosis entry, whereas Emi2 plays a key role during the meiotic cell cycle. Transcription factor E2F is primarily considered to regulate the G1/S transition of the cell cycle but its involvement in the regulation of mitosis has also been recently suggested. A gap still exists between the molecular basis of E2F and mitotic regulation. The present study was designed to characterize the transcriptional regulation of human PLK and Emi genes. Adenoviral overexpression of E2F1 increased PLK1 and PLK3 mRNA levels in A549 cells. A reporter gene assay revealed that the putative promoter regions of PLK1, PLK3, and PLK4 genes were responsive to activators E2F, E2F1-E2F3. We further characterized the putative promoter regions of Emil and Emi2 genes, and these could be regulated by activators E2F and E2F1-E2F4, respectively. Finally, PLK1-PLK4, Emil, and Emi2 mRNA expression levels in human adult, fetal tissues, and several cell lines indicated that each gene has a unique expression pattern but is uniquely expressed in common tissues and cells such as the testes and thymus. Collectively, these results indicate that E2F can integrate G1/S and G2/M to oscillate the cell cycle by regulating mitotic genes PLK and Emi, leading to determination of the cell fate.展开更多
Deletion of the codon encoding the phenylalanine residue at position 508（ΔF508） in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator（CFTR） is the most common mutation causing cystic fibrosis（CF）.The human...Deletion of the codon encoding the phenylalanine residue at position 508（ΔF508） in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator（CFTR） is the most common mutation causing cystic fibrosis（CF）.The human ΔF508 mutation results in a CFTR protein with impaired folding,trafficking,and gating in human and rodents.Recent studies suggest that pig ΔF508-CFTR can be efficiently processed to the plasma membrane as maturely glycosylated protein,indicating species difference of the molecular mechanisms of CFTR cellular maturation.In this study,the functional characterization in stably transfected FRT cells cultured at 37 ℃ demonstrates that pig ΔF508-CFTR is remarkably more sensitive to specific CFTR inhibitors CFTRinh-172 and GlyH101 than wildtype pig CFTR.The wildtype pig CFTR is more sensitive to GlyH101 than to CFTRinh-172.The present study indicates that the gating property of ΔF508-CFTR chloride channel is altered and GlyH101 may be a more suitable small molecule probe for generating CF phenotypes in pig tissues.展开更多
目的:制备粉尘螨变应原第27组分(Der f 27)重组蛋白,鉴定其免疫活性。方法:构建pET-28a(+)-Der f 27质粒,转化至E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,经诱导表达和纯化后,获得重组变应原rDer f 27。IgE-ELISA和IgE-Western blot检测rDer f 27与...目的:制备粉尘螨变应原第27组分(Der f 27)重组蛋白,鉴定其免疫活性。方法:构建pET-28a(+)-Der f 27质粒,转化至E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,经诱导表达和纯化后,获得重组变应原rDer f 27。IgE-ELISA和IgE-Western blot检测rDer f 27与粉尘螨变应性鼻炎患者血清IgE结合率,分别将变应性鼻炎患者PBMC、人支气管上皮细胞BESA-2B与rDer f 27共孵育24 h后测定细胞因子表达;生物信息学软件分析Der f 27的理化性质和结构。结果:成功构建pET-28a(+)-Der f 27质粒并转化至BL21(DE3)细胞,经IPTG诱导表达和纯化后,SDS-PAGE和Western blot在约48 kD处见特异性条带;IgE-ELISA和IgEWestern blot检测rDer f 27与粉尘螨变应性鼻炎患者血清IgE结合率分别为39.5%和45.5%;与对照组相比,变应性鼻炎患者PBMC与rDer f 27共孵育后,IL-6和IL-8表达升高(P<0.05);BESA-2B细胞与rDer f 27共孵育后,IL-10和TGF-β表达降低,IL-17A和IL-23A表达升高(P<0.05);生物信息学结果显示Der f 27属于丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制物家族,具有此家族通用结构及功能,二级结构主要为α螺旋(42.62%)和无规则卷曲(35.60%)。结论:成功制备了具有较好免疫反应性和免疫原性的重组变应原rDer f 27,并揭示其为变应性鼻炎的重要变应原之一。展开更多
Counterfeit medicines are a growing problem in both developing and industrialised countries. In general the evaluation of these medicines is limited to the identification and the dosage of the active ingredients. In t...Counterfeit medicines are a growing problem in both developing and industrialised countries. In general the evaluation of these medicines is limited to the identification and the dosage of the active ingredients. In this study in vitro dissolution tests were conducted on two sets of counterfeit medicines containing PDE-5 inhibitors （sildenafil citrate and tadalafil）. The dissolution profiles were statistically compared to the ones of the genuine products using the f2-method and a comparison at each time point using the Cochran test. The results showed low equivalences between counterfeit and genuine products as well as higher variations around the mean dissolution value at the different time points for the counterfeit products.展开更多
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), have changed the treatment history of lung cancer, especially in the field of non-small cell lung cancer (N...Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), have changed the treatment history of lung cancer, especially in the field of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT, as a noninvasive and effective examination technique, reflects the location and functional information of tumor lesions through the metabolic level of glucose. Studies have shown that PD-L1 may affect the sugar metabolism of tumor cells. Therefore, <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT can be used to predict the expression of PD-L1 and evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy. This article mainly introduces the relationship between PD-L1 expression and NSCLC, the advantages of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT, the imaging mechanism of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT based on PD-L1 and its research progress in NSCLC, and the role of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT in the response and efficacy evaluation of immunotherapy in NSCLC, aiming to provide a reference for the clinic.展开更多
文摘Human polo-like kinases （PLK1-PLK4） have been implicated in mitotic regulation and carcinogenesis. PLK1 phosphorylates early mitotic inhibitor 1 （Emil） to ensure mitosis entry, whereas Emi2 plays a key role during the meiotic cell cycle. Transcription factor E2F is primarily considered to regulate the G1/S transition of the cell cycle but its involvement in the regulation of mitosis has also been recently suggested. A gap still exists between the molecular basis of E2F and mitotic regulation. The present study was designed to characterize the transcriptional regulation of human PLK and Emi genes. Adenoviral overexpression of E2F1 increased PLK1 and PLK3 mRNA levels in A549 cells. A reporter gene assay revealed that the putative promoter regions of PLK1, PLK3, and PLK4 genes were responsive to activators E2F, E2F1-E2F3. We further characterized the putative promoter regions of Emil and Emi2 genes, and these could be regulated by activators E2F and E2F1-E2F4, respectively. Finally, PLK1-PLK4, Emil, and Emi2 mRNA expression levels in human adult, fetal tissues, and several cell lines indicated that each gene has a unique expression pattern but is uniquely expressed in common tissues and cells such as the testes and thymus. Collectively, these results indicate that E2F can integrate G1/S and G2/M to oscillate the cell cycle by regulating mitotic genes PLK and Emi, leading to determination of the cell fate.
基金Supported by the General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of China(No.2006IK145)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province,China(Nos.200705269 and 20030708)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Changchun City,China(No.2007sf19)the Science and Technology Fund from the Education Department of Liaoning Province,China(No.20060492)
文摘Deletion of the codon encoding the phenylalanine residue at position 508（ΔF508） in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator（CFTR） is the most common mutation causing cystic fibrosis（CF）.The human ΔF508 mutation results in a CFTR protein with impaired folding,trafficking,and gating in human and rodents.Recent studies suggest that pig ΔF508-CFTR can be efficiently processed to the plasma membrane as maturely glycosylated protein,indicating species difference of the molecular mechanisms of CFTR cellular maturation.In this study,the functional characterization in stably transfected FRT cells cultured at 37 ℃ demonstrates that pig ΔF508-CFTR is remarkably more sensitive to specific CFTR inhibitors CFTRinh-172 and GlyH101 than wildtype pig CFTR.The wildtype pig CFTR is more sensitive to GlyH101 than to CFTRinh-172.The present study indicates that the gating property of ΔF508-CFTR chloride channel is altered and GlyH101 may be a more suitable small molecule probe for generating CF phenotypes in pig tissues.
文摘目的:制备粉尘螨变应原第27组分(Der f 27)重组蛋白,鉴定其免疫活性。方法:构建pET-28a(+)-Der f 27质粒,转化至E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,经诱导表达和纯化后,获得重组变应原rDer f 27。IgE-ELISA和IgE-Western blot检测rDer f 27与粉尘螨变应性鼻炎患者血清IgE结合率,分别将变应性鼻炎患者PBMC、人支气管上皮细胞BESA-2B与rDer f 27共孵育24 h后测定细胞因子表达;生物信息学软件分析Der f 27的理化性质和结构。结果:成功构建pET-28a(+)-Der f 27质粒并转化至BL21(DE3)细胞,经IPTG诱导表达和纯化后,SDS-PAGE和Western blot在约48 kD处见特异性条带;IgE-ELISA和IgEWestern blot检测rDer f 27与粉尘螨变应性鼻炎患者血清IgE结合率分别为39.5%和45.5%;与对照组相比,变应性鼻炎患者PBMC与rDer f 27共孵育后,IL-6和IL-8表达升高(P<0.05);BESA-2B细胞与rDer f 27共孵育后,IL-10和TGF-β表达降低,IL-17A和IL-23A表达升高(P<0.05);生物信息学结果显示Der f 27属于丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制物家族,具有此家族通用结构及功能,二级结构主要为α螺旋(42.62%)和无规则卷曲(35.60%)。结论:成功制备了具有较好免疫反应性和免疫原性的重组变应原rDer f 27,并揭示其为变应性鼻炎的重要变应原之一。
文摘Counterfeit medicines are a growing problem in both developing and industrialised countries. In general the evaluation of these medicines is limited to the identification and the dosage of the active ingredients. In this study in vitro dissolution tests were conducted on two sets of counterfeit medicines containing PDE-5 inhibitors （sildenafil citrate and tadalafil）. The dissolution profiles were statistically compared to the ones of the genuine products using the f2-method and a comparison at each time point using the Cochran test. The results showed low equivalences between counterfeit and genuine products as well as higher variations around the mean dissolution value at the different time points for the counterfeit products.
文摘Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), have changed the treatment history of lung cancer, especially in the field of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT, as a noninvasive and effective examination technique, reflects the location and functional information of tumor lesions through the metabolic level of glucose. Studies have shown that PD-L1 may affect the sugar metabolism of tumor cells. Therefore, <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT can be used to predict the expression of PD-L1 and evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy. This article mainly introduces the relationship between PD-L1 expression and NSCLC, the advantages of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT, the imaging mechanism of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT based on PD-L1 and its research progress in NSCLC, and the role of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT in the response and efficacy evaluation of immunotherapy in NSCLC, aiming to provide a reference for the clinic.
