Thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) in geological deposits can account for the accumulation of H2S in deep sour gas reservoirs. In this paper, thermal simulation experiments on the reaction of CH4-CaSO4 were carri...Thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) in geological deposits can account for the accumulation of H2S in deep sour gas reservoirs. In this paper, thermal simulation experiments on the reaction of CH4-CaSO4 were carried out using an autoclave at high temperatures and high pressures. The products were characterized with analytical methods including carbon isotope analysis. It is found that the reaction can proceed to produce H2S, H2O and CaCO3 as the main products. Based on the experimental results, the carbon kinetic isotope fractionation was investigated, and the value of Ki (kinetic isotope effect) was calculated. The results obtained in this paper can provide useful information to explain the occurrence of H2S in deep carbonate gas reservoirs.展开更多
A 10-channel Hα diagnostic system has been designed with the rapid response rate of 300 kHz, spatial resolution of about 40 mm, and overlap between adjacent channels of about 3%, and it has been implemented successfu...A 10-channel Hα diagnostic system has been designed with the rapid response rate of 300 kHz, spatial resolution of about 40 mm, and overlap between adjacent channels of about 3%, and it has been implemented successfully on Keda Torus eXperiment(KTX), a newly constructed, reversed field pinch(RFP) experimental device at the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC). This diagnostic system is a very important tool for the initial KTX operations. It is compact,with an aperture slit replacing the traditional optical lens system. A flexural interference filter is designed to prevent the center wavelength from shifting too much as the increase of angle from vertical incidence. To eliminate the stray light,the interior of the system is covered with the black aluminum foil having a very high absorptivity. Using the Hαemission data, together with the profiles of electron temperature and density obtained from the Langmuir probe, the neutral density profiles have been calculated for KTX plasmas. The rapid response rate and good spatial resolution of this Hαdiagnostic system will be beneficial for many studies in RFP plasma physics.展开更多
Small H-beams such as the No.14–20 I-steel can be inserted into soil-cement retaining walls to form small H-beam soil-cement compound walls, functioning both as a retaining wall and a cutoff wall for braced structure...Small H-beams such as the No.14–20 I-steel can be inserted into soil-cement retaining walls to form small H-beam soil-cement compound walls, functioning both as a retaining wall and a cutoff wall for braced structure excavations. Being different from the mixed soil-cement wall (SMW), the interaction between soil-cement and small H-steel is very good. We have carried out a series of bending experiments on small H-beams in soil-cement model compound beams to study the mechanism of interactions. The results show that the interaction between H-beams and soil-cement is very good, whether the H-beam is single or double. Joint forms of double H-beams at one end have little effect on both the contribution coefficient and on ultimate deflection before cracking. But after cracking, the joint forms greatly affect the contribution coefficient. We conclude that the rigid joint girder for double H-beams is a better choice in practice.展开更多
A complementarity hypothesis concerning outsider and insider perspectives of a gargantuan black hole is proposed. The two thought experiments presented herein are followed by a brief discussion of a new interpretation...A complementarity hypothesis concerning outsider and insider perspectives of a gargantuan black hole is proposed. The two thought experiments presented herein are followed by a brief discussion of a new interpretation of black hole interior “space-and-time-reversal”. Specifically, it is proposed that the “singularity” space of the black hole interior is time-like and the expansion time of the black hole interior is space-like. The resemblance of this new insider interpretation to our own expanding and redshifting big bang universe is compelling.展开更多
文摘Thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) in geological deposits can account for the accumulation of H2S in deep sour gas reservoirs. In this paper, thermal simulation experiments on the reaction of CH4-CaSO4 were carried out using an autoclave at high temperatures and high pressures. The products were characterized with analytical methods including carbon isotope analysis. It is found that the reaction can proceed to produce H2S, H2O and CaCO3 as the main products. Based on the experimental results, the carbon kinetic isotope fractionation was investigated, and the value of Ki (kinetic isotope effect) was calculated. The results obtained in this paper can provide useful information to explain the occurrence of H2S in deep carbonate gas reservoirs.
基金Project supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China(Grant No.2017YFE0301700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11635008)
文摘A 10-channel Hα diagnostic system has been designed with the rapid response rate of 300 kHz, spatial resolution of about 40 mm, and overlap between adjacent channels of about 3%, and it has been implemented successfully on Keda Torus eXperiment(KTX), a newly constructed, reversed field pinch(RFP) experimental device at the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC). This diagnostic system is a very important tool for the initial KTX operations. It is compact,with an aperture slit replacing the traditional optical lens system. A flexural interference filter is designed to prevent the center wavelength from shifting too much as the increase of angle from vertical incidence. To eliminate the stray light,the interior of the system is covered with the black aluminum foil having a very high absorptivity. Using the Hαemission data, together with the profiles of electron temperature and density obtained from the Langmuir probe, the neutral density profiles have been calculated for KTX plasmas. The rapid response rate and good spatial resolution of this Hαdiagnostic system will be beneficial for many studies in RFP plasma physics.
文摘Small H-beams such as the No.14–20 I-steel can be inserted into soil-cement retaining walls to form small H-beam soil-cement compound walls, functioning both as a retaining wall and a cutoff wall for braced structure excavations. Being different from the mixed soil-cement wall (SMW), the interaction between soil-cement and small H-steel is very good. We have carried out a series of bending experiments on small H-beams in soil-cement model compound beams to study the mechanism of interactions. The results show that the interaction between H-beams and soil-cement is very good, whether the H-beam is single or double. Joint forms of double H-beams at one end have little effect on both the contribution coefficient and on ultimate deflection before cracking. But after cracking, the joint forms greatly affect the contribution coefficient. We conclude that the rigid joint girder for double H-beams is a better choice in practice.
文摘A complementarity hypothesis concerning outsider and insider perspectives of a gargantuan black hole is proposed. The two thought experiments presented herein are followed by a brief discussion of a new interpretation of black hole interior “space-and-time-reversal”. Specifically, it is proposed that the “singularity” space of the black hole interior is time-like and the expansion time of the black hole interior is space-like. The resemblance of this new insider interpretation to our own expanding and redshifting big bang universe is compelling.
