13份桑树杂交组合F_1代的耐盐性和耐旱性鉴定

为了筛选耐盐、耐旱性强的桑树杂交组合用于生态桑种植,选择来自新疆和田沙漠化地区的桑树品种资源策沙系列不同株系定向杂交组合F1代以及大面积推广应用的桂桑优系列杂交桑——桂桑优12、桂桑优62的桑种子和桑苗为试验材料,分别利用12 g/L NaCl和400 g/L PEG6000模拟盐分与干旱胁迫环境,测定桑种子在盐分胁迫下的相对发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、盐害指数和基于五级评分法计算种子萌发期的耐盐性总分,并调查萌发幼苗在干旱胁迫下的成活率,鉴定供试桑树杂交组合F1代的耐盐和耐旱性能。从13个供试桑树杂交组合F1代中鉴定出耐盐性和耐旱性具有显著差异的4种类型,其中:极耐盐而对干旱敏感类型有桂桑优62,极耐盐、耐旱类型有策沙-杂6,高耐盐、耐旱类型有策沙-杂4、策沙-杂5和桂桑优12,极耐旱而对盐敏感类型有策沙-杂12。筛选出的上述桑树杂交组合中,桂桑优62适宜用于滨海滩涂盐碱地的植被恢复,桂桑优12和策沙-杂6适合用于常年干旱及盐碱化严重地区的植被恢复。

26份南瓜杂交组合(F_1)主要农艺性状的分析

对26份南瓜杂交组合(F1)的叶片长度、叶片宽度等田间农艺性状及果肉厚度﹑果肉质地等果实性状进行了测定和分析,以期为南瓜新品种选育提供理论依据。结果表明:南瓜杂交组合(F1)前期6个主要数量性状都具有较丰富的变异潜力,变异系数均超过了10%,其中变异潜力最大的是第1雌花节位,变异系数为18.3%;在果实性状、口感品质方面,果肉厚度为1.5～3.6cm,果形指数为1.8～3.4,固形物含量为10.1%～15.3%,瓜皮主色多数材料为墨绿色,果肉颜色多为金黄色,果肉质地以中等致密为主;328×635-1组合(F1)产量最高,667m2产量4051.4kg。杂交组合(F1)在甜度、面度和熟后果肉质地方面表现均较好;综合质地属中上水平。

6个南瓜杂交组合(F_1)营养成分分析

以蜜本南瓜为对照,对6个南瓜杂交组合(F_1)果实中的多糖、还原糖、总糖、果胶、氨基酸、水分、胡萝卜素以及7种微量元素含量进行了测定。并用主成分分析法比较其营养成分,筛选出营养品质优良的南瓜杂交组合。结果发现,009-1×十姐妹中多糖和还原糖含量以及Ca、Cu、Mg、Mn、Zn含量在所有杂交组合中最高;十姐妹×辉4中总糖、果胶和水分含量最高;十姐妹×长2氨基酸含量最高;甜面瓜×十姐妹Fe含量最高;041-1×321 Na含量和胡萝卜素含量最高。综合营养品质从高到低依次是009-1×十姐妹、甜面瓜×十姐妹、十姐妹×辉四、041-1×321、蜜本南瓜、十姐妹×长2、009-1×浙江七叶。

微胚乳玉米籽粒中淀粉积累规律的研究(英文)

[Objective] The experiment aimed to study laws of accumulation of starch in micro-endosperm maize kernel. [Method] The laws of accumulation of starch in maize embryo and OSK(the other section of a kernel except embryo) of MEM(micro-endosperm maize) were studied in this experiment by taking Gaoyou 115 maize as control. [Result] The starch accumulation speed of MEM embryo was slightly lower than that of Gaoyou115 and the starch accumulation speed of MEM OSK was far lower than that of Gaoyou 115, so the starch content of the whole kernel of Gaoyou 115 was 3.4 to 4.5 times as high as that of MEM during harvesting. The embryo starch weight ration of Gaoyou 115 maize during harvesting was only 3% to 4% while that of MEM was 16% to 22%. Moreover, starch accumulation speeds of different MEM materials were different and there were significant differences in starch content during harvesting among different MEM materials. [Conclusion] The starch accumulation in MEM was slow, and MEM has widely variation on starch accumulation.

硬粉果番茄硬度遗传分析(英文)

为了选育硬粉果型番茄新品种,研究硬粉果番茄硬度遗传规律问题,选取硬粉果骨干亲本材料母本P27、父本P31及配置的F_1组合15#为试材,利用质构仪研究果实硬度变化及遗传特性。结果表明,同一果实横向硬度最低,纵向硬度次之,果肩硬度最高。中青果期果实的平均硬度较高,转色期和红熟期硬度下降明显加快;P27、P31、F_1组合15#红熟果平均硬度分别为13.27、10.88、12.28 N;红果期与青果期果实硬度极显著正相关;F_1组合15#红熟果的果形指数为0.87,果实圆形,果皮厚度0.7~0.8 cm,5~6个心室,单果重258 g,是硬粉果番茄选育的理想品种。番茄果实硬度与果实大小、果皮厚度、心室数、单果重没有必然的联系,果形指数可作为番茄硬度的间接选择指标。