高速铁路建设如何带动企业的创新发展——基于Face-to-Face理论的实证检验

本文基于知识溢出视角和Face-to-Face理论,指出高速铁路建设构成了信息和技术跨区域流通、扩散和再创新的高速通道,为企业在更大范围内搜索面对面交流对象以发掘更多有用的异质性知识提供了途径。进一步地,本文以沪深两市A股上市公司为样本,引入断点回归模型和双重差分模型,实证检验了高速铁路建设促进企业创新发展的政策效应和经济后果。本文指出高速铁路建设增强了企业间的技术外部性,不仅显著地提升了企业的专利产出水平,而且还显著地提升了专利产出对于企业全要素生产率的边际贡献,且在带宽敏感性和间断点安慰剂检验中依然稳健。但高速铁路的这一效应存在企业异质性差异,表现为对大企业创新发展的带动作用更强。

FFCDH: Solution to Enable Face-to-Face Conversation between Deaf and Hearing People

A real time communication between deaf and hearing people is still a barrier that isolates the deaf people from the hearing world. Over ninety percent of deaf children are born to hearing parents. However, most of them can only learn how to communicate using sign language at school. One of the reasons is that the hearings parents have neither enough time nor support to learn sign language to communicate and support their children. Not surprisingly, the deaf finds difficulties in the oral-only education. Since many other hearing pupils do not even know about the existence of sign language, they cannot communicate directly with the deaf without a sign language interpreter. Therefore, to enable a face-to-face conversation between deaf and hearing people, it is important not only to sustain real time conversation between the deaf and their hearing counterparts but also to equip the hearing with basics of sign language. However, speech to sign conversion remains a challenge due to dialectal and sign language variation, speech utterance and lack of sign language written form. In this paper, a solution named Face-to-Face Conversation Deaf and Hearing people—FFCDH is proposed to address above issues. FFCDH supports real time conversation and also allows the hearing to learn the signs with the same meaning as the deaf understand. Moreover, FFCDH records the speech of the hearing and converts it into signs for the deaf. It also provides deaf with an option to adjust volume of their speech by displaying volume of their voice. The performance of the system in supporting the deaf has been evaluated by using a real test-bed. The obtained results show that English and Japanese daily conversation phrases can be recognized with over 90 percent accuracy on average. The average coherent of simple content is over 94 percent. However, when the speech includes long and complex phrases, the average accuracy and the coherent are slightly lower because the system could not comprehend long and complex context at large scope.

Framework for Better Understanding a Face-to-Face Videoconferencing Using H.263 Codec

Face-to-face Videoconferencing is a popular option for many large organizations because it minimizes the need for travel. Instead of continually paying for traveling expenses, a company can either pay to set up a high speed network which has many usages （including videoconferencing） or they can rent time on an existing network. Employees will also no longer be burdened with the need to travel. While face-to-face videoconferencing performance is heavily influenced by the underlying hardware and software, a good video compression scheme can help make the best use of videoconferencing and provide a high quality picture. H.263 standard is now widely used for real-time video communications over a range of networks including the Internet. A frame work for better understanding the H.263 including the implementation of encoder and decoder for face-to-face videoconferencing is presented. This software was written in C＋＋ language, running under the Microsoft Windows operating system.

2D/2D BiOIO_(3)/g-C_(3)N_(4) S-scheme hybrid heterojunction with face-to-face interfacial contact for effective photocatalytic H_(2) production and norfloxacin degradation

A two-dimensional(2D)/2D hybrid heterojunction with face-to-face interfacial assembly is a desirable dimensionality design with significant potential for various photocatalytic applications due to the large interfacial contact area,which facilitates charge migration and separation.Herein,we developed an ef-ficient 2D/2D hybrid heterojunction consisting of BiOIO 3 nanoplates(BIO)and g-C_(3)N_(4) nanosheets(CN)using a simple but effective in situ growth method for photocatalytic aqueous antibiotic degradation and H_(2) generation.The face-to-face interfacial assembly of the BIO and CN components in the BIO/CN hy-brid heterojunction was verified using electron microscopy.Remarkably,the BIO/CN hybrid heterojunc-tion outperformed both the BIO and CN counterparts in terms of norfloxacin degradation and H_(2) gen-eration under simulated solar light irradiation.Moreover,the photocatalytic performance of the hybrid catalyst remained nearly unchanged throughout five consecutive test runs.The exceptional performance and stability of the hybrid catalyst are attributable to its extended optical absorption range,large interfa-cial contact area provided by the face-to-face assembly in the 2D/2D hybrid configuration,and enhanced photoexcited charge separation efficiency and redox power of the separated charges,which are supported by an efficient S-scheme charge transfer mechanism.This study illuminates the rational construction of novel 2D/2D S-scheme hybrid heterojunction photocatalysts with practical applications in environmental remediation and sustainable energy generation.

Which Type of Interpersonal Interaction Better Facilitates College Student Learning and Development in China:Face-to-Face or Online?

Purpose:This study attempts to explore how Chinese college students engage in face-to-facesynchronous and online asynchronous interactions and examine how the two different interacition types are associated with their academic learning(learning achievement and the developmentof research skills),satisfaction,and their perceptions of learning environments.DesignlApproach/Methods:A sample of 3,999 undergraduate students from a research university in Northern China participated in the survey.Aseries of cluster analysis,one-way analysisof variance,and hierarchical multiple regression were conducted.Findings:The cluster analysis results revealed that there were four types of learners amongthese students and thata large percentage of Chinese undergraduates were classified into eitherdigital communicators(36.16%)or passive interactors(32.71%).In general the face-to-facesynchronous interaction generated more desirable academic learning perceptions of the learn-ing environment,and higher satisfaction than the online asynchronous interaction in mostaspects.However,the asynchronous online interaction fostered student autonomy and contributed to students'completion of an in-depth thesis.OriginalitylValue:By distinguishing face-to-face synchronous versus online asynchronousinteractions,this study led toan enhanced knowledge of the interactive patterns of Chinesecollege students and uncovered the specific effects of the two types ofinterpersonal interactionsin Chinese research universities.

Participatory Forest Management and Gender Inclusiveness within the Community Forest Management Groups of Bhutan

Community forest management groups (CFMGs) in Bhutan exhibit participatory forest management practices that recognize the importance of community’s collective participation in the management of natural forest resources. This approach involves the community in the stewardship of designated forest areas and resources to ensure sustainable livelihoods and realization of forest conservation objectives. The increase of CFMGs in the country has been successful. However, research on the extent of gender-inclusive participation in CFMGs is either insufficient or missing vis-à-vis the allocation of decision-making power. Therefore, this study analyzes the factors influencing gender participation in CFMGs and their integration into decision-making processes. Primary data were collected from 12 study sites spanning 4 regions, complemented by secondary data from the Forest Department. Regression models were used to identify factors significantly influencing CFMG member participation in decision-making. The empirical results of this study reveal that gender is a significant factor influencing participation in CFMG decision-making. The study concludes that there is insufficient participation of women members in decision-making processes. Therefore, consideration of gender should be included in the development phase of the CFMG policy in addition to promoting awareness of inequity between gender and the promotion of leadership roles for women in CFMGs.

Integrated geophysical evidence for a new style of continent-continent collision beneath the western Kunlun in the northwestern China

Along the western Kunlun-Tarim-Tianshan geoscience transect in the northwestern China, an integrated geophysical investigation was carried out. Owing to the abominable natural conditions there, the sounding profile could not cross the whole transect, consequentially, a variety of velocity structures in the transverse and vertical orientations beneath the whole transect were not obtained, such as the case within the western Kunlun orogenic belt. To supply a gap of deep seismic soundings within the western Kunlun orogenic belt, we used the Bouguer gravity anomaly data and the relationship between the compressive wave and the density to obtain the density structure of the crust beneath the western Kunlun and the southern Tarim basin by a forward fitting of gravity anomalies within the two-dimensional polygonal model of uniform medium. The crust of the Tarim basin with a rigid basement was like an asymmetrical arc, whose surface feature was the Bachu uplift in the middle of the Tarim basin. Beneath the conjoint area between the Tarim basin and the western Kunlun belt, there was a V-shape structure located just up to the top of the uplifted Moho. The multi-seismological structures jointly revealed that the face-to-face continent-continent collision beneath the western Kunlun is a new structural style within the continent-continent collision zone, which is a real model proved by the numerical modeling.

Poor Schedule Management Leads to Discontinuity of Medical Attendance among Patients Infected with HIV

Dropout from medical attendance is a well-recognized issue among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We interviewed 23 HIV-positive patients and used text mining methods to analyse the risk factors for dropout. Fifteen patients continued medical attendance and eight patients dropped out of medical attendance. Categories were extracted from the interview data of the patients who continued medical attendance (i.e., the continuity group) and the patients who dropped out of medical care (i.e., the discontinuity group). Categories of the continuity group included needing to take a day off for medical attendance, scheduling each appointment, writing down medical appointments, being grateful for the medical care, and 12 additional categories. Categories of discontinuity group included forgetting the dates of medical appointments, not needing to get a day off for medical attendance, allowing aid for medical care to expire, and 10 additional categories. The discontinuity group had poorer schedule management than the continuity group, which caused them to forget their next medical appointments and delay the renewal of aid for medical care. Thus, medical staff may be able to prevent dropouts by ensuring that patients record the dates of their medical appointments.

Patient handoffs in surgery: Successes, failures and room for improvement

Patient handoffs are transitions where communication failures may lead to errors in patient care.Face-toface handoffs are preferred,however may not always be feasible.Different models and strategies have been described,yet there are few experimental studies.Expanding the problem,the on-call surgeon may be responsible for many patients,few or none that they admitted.Effective handoffs improve the quality of care and result in fewer errors.Herein we review different models of patient handoffs,comment on common pitfalls,and suggest areas for new research.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 1,4-Bis-(benztriazol-1-ylmethyl)-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene

The title compound 1,4-bis(benztriazol-1-ylmethyl)-2,4,5,6-trimethylbenzene crys- tallizes in the monoclinic system, space group Pbca with a = 9.842(5), b = 9.455(5), c = 22.165(12) ?, V = 2062.6(18) ?3, Dc = 1.277 g/cm3, Z = 4, C24H24N6, Mr = 396.49, μ(MoKa) = 0.079 mm-1 and F(000) = 840. The structure was refined to R = 0.0662 and wR = 0.1891 for 1163 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). The title molecule has trans-conformation about the central phenyl ring. The zigzag-like molecules are connected by face-to-face π…π stacking to form an infinite 2D layer.

The Contribution of Blended Teaching Approach to the Promotion of Learner Autonomy

Compared with traditional face-to-face teaching and traditional e-learning model,blended teaching,an innovative teaching method,has drawn teachers’and researchers’attention.In terms of teachers,especially language teachers at the tertiary level are encouraged to use this method for different learning experiences it offers.And much literature research has proved that blended teaching approach can improve students’learning efficiency and effectiveness.Therefore,there is a trend that blended teaching as an alternative approach to traditional classroom teaching should be adopted and popularized.However,on the basis of the authors’personal teaching experiences,the following research questions are put forward:First,in the course of College English,are students in blended teaching approach more engaged in their learning than those in the traditional formats?Second,what are the perceptions of blended teaching approach among both language teachers and language learners?Third,can blended teaching approach really promote learners’autonomy?Bearing these questions in mind,the authors conducted a survey among language teachers and students in Inner Mongolia University of Technology(IMUT),and it comes to a conclusion that the blended teaching approach can help to improve learners’autonomy;however,not in a very positive and motivated way.The underlying reasons for this finding are need investigating further.

The use of facial expressions in measuring students’interaction with distance learning environments during the COVID-19 crisis

Digital learning is becoming increasingly important in the crisis COVID-19 and is widespread in most countries.The proliferation of smart devices and 5G telecommunications systems are contributing to the development of digital learning systems as an alternative to traditional learning systems.Digital learning includes blended learning,online learning,and personalized learning which mainly depends on the use of new technologies and strategies,so digital learning is widely developed to improve education and combat emerging disasters such as COVID-19 diseases.Despite the tremendous benefits of digital learning,there are many obstacles related to the lack of digitized curriculum and collaboration between teachers and students.Therefore,many attempts have been made to improve the learning outcomes through the following strategies:collaboration,teacher convenience,personalized learning,cost and time savings through professional development,and modeling.In this study,facial expressions and heart rates are used to measure the effectiveness of digital learning systems and the level of learners’engagement in learning environments.The results showed that the proposed approach outperformed the known related works in terms of learning effectiveness.The results of this research can be used to develop a digital learning environment.

Deep seismic reflection profile across the juncture zone between the Tarim Basin and the West Kunlun Mountains

Fine structures of the crust and upper mantle of the basin-and-range juncture on the northwestern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are first delineated by the deep seismic reflection profile across the juncture zone between the Tarim Basin and the West Kunlun Mountains. Evidence is found for the northward subduction of the northwest marginal lithosphere of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its collision with Tarim lithosphere beneath the West Kunlun Mountains. The lithosphere image of the face-to-face subduction and collision determines the coupling relationship between the Tarim Basin and the West Kunlun Mountains at the lithosphere scale and reflects the process of continent- continent collision.

超薄钯纳米片/非晶氮化碳共面复合结构的控制生长及其可见光驱动下的光催化产氢性能研究（英文）

目前,能源与环境问题已经成为影响人类可持续发展的主要矛盾.为了实现人类社会的可持续发展,研究者们一直致力于开发新的储能技术.半导体光催化制氢凭借其清洁、可持续、环境友好的优势成为研究热点.传统的光催化制氢体系以贵金属为助催化剂,宽带隙半导体为光催化剂,这种光催化系统的太阳能转换效率难以满足实际需求.在本文中,我们合成出一种具有较大接触界面和较短的电子传递路径的共面型超薄钯纳米片/非晶氮化碳复合结构.在室温25℃条件下,该结构平均氢气生成速率为1.45 mmol mg^(-1)h^(-1),是钯纳米颗粒-无定形碳化氮粒面型结构的2.6倍.同时,该共面型光催化剂具有优良的产氢稳定性.该催化剂既充分利用了钯纳米片表面高密度的活性位点,又利用了无定型氮化碳宽的光谱响应.本工作为可见光驱动的高效助催化剂和光催化剂界面设计提供了一种新的策略.

Room temperature phosphorescence achieved by aromatic/perfluoroaromatic interactions

Room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) has attracted much attention for the applications in information encryption,bioimaging,displaying,and so on.In this work,persistent RTP emission is mainly achieved by the compact face-to-face packing modes with aromatic/perfluoroaromatic interactions.Moreover,it can be further optimized by halogen substitutions with heavy atom effect,electron-withdrawing property,and steric hindrance,resulting in the prolonged RTP lifetime.Furthermore,the multiple fluorine substitutions endowed these luminogens with the water-resistant property,resulting in the maintained RTP emission with water droplets.Therefore,the aromatic/perfluoroaromatic interactions are not only the efficient approach to achieve persistent RTP,but also extend their application to a humid environment or even in water.