Background:There is a lack of data for the standardized ileal digestibility(SID) of fat and fatty acids in national feed databases.In addition,it is important to specify the procedures used for fat analyses.Therefore,...Background:There is a lack of data for the standardized ileal digestibility(SID) of fat and fatty acids in national feed databases.In addition,it is important to specify the procedures used for fat analyses.Therefore,an experiment was conducted to 1) determine the apparent ileal digestibility(AID) and SID of fat and fatty acids in ten different oil sources for growing pigs and to develop prediction equations for SID of fat based on fatty acid composition;and 2) compare the effect of the fat extraction methods on the calculated values for endogenous loss and digestibility of fat.Methods:Twenty-two barrows(initial body weight:32.1 ± 2.3 kg) were surgically fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum,and allotted to 1 of 11 experimental diets in a 4-period Youden Square design.A fat-free diet was formulated using cornstarch,soy protein isolate and sucrose.Ten oil-added diets were formulated by adding 6% of dietary oil sources to the fat-free diet at the expense of cornstarch.All diets contained 26% sugar beet pulp and 0.40% chromic oxide.Results:The endogenous loss of ether extract(EE) was lower than that of acid-hydrolyzed fat(AEE;P < 0.01).There were significant differences in the AID and SID of fat and saturated fatty acids across the dietary oil sources(P < 0.05).The SID of AEE for palm oil was lower than that of sunflower oil,corn oil,canola oil,rice oil and flaxseed oil(P < 0.01).The AID and SID of fat ranged from 79.65% to 86.97% and from 91.14% to 99.18%.Although the AID of EE was greater than that of AEE(P < 0.01),there was no significant difference in SID of EE and AEE except for palm oil.The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids(U/S) had a positive correlation with SID of fat(P < 0.05),whereas C16:0 and long chain saturated fatty acids(LSFA) were significant negatively correlated with SID of fat(P < 0.01).The best-fit equation to predict SID of fat was SID AEE = 102.75-0.15 × LSFA-0.74 × C18:0-0.03 × C18:1(Adjusted coefficient of determination = 0.88,P < 0.01).Conclusions:When calculating the SID of fat,the EE content of the samples can be analyzed using the direct extraction method,whereas the acid hydrolysis procedure should be used to determine the AID of fat.Fat digestibility of dietary oils was affected by their fatty acid composition,especially by the contents of C16:0,LSFA and U/S.展开更多
目的评估自动化磁珠法提取血清脂溶性维生素应用液相色谱串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)检测的性能。方法收集200例临床剩余血清样本,采用自动化磁珠法提取血清中脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K...目的评估自动化磁珠法提取血清脂溶性维生素应用液相色谱串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)检测的性能。方法收集200例临床剩余血清样本,采用自动化磁珠法提取血清中脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K;同时联合LC-MS/MS检测脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K的线性、定量限、精密度、正确度、携带污染率等性能指标以及基质效应。并比较此方法与传统萃取法检测结果的一致性。结果自动化磁珠法提取脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K线性相关系数均>0.99;五种物质的定量限分别为5,0.25,0.25,125和0.025ng/ml;批内精密度和批间精密度分别为0.66%~4.83%,0.15%~3.70%;平均加标回收率为87.05%~111.11%;基质效应为95.43%~99.07%;高-低值样本循环进样结果均值与低-低值样本循环进样结果均值之差,均小于低-低值样本循环进样结果均值的3s;统计学结果显示自动化磁珠法和传统萃取法提取的脂溶性维生素结果相关性良好(r>0.99),两种方法的检测结果无显著偏倚。结论自动化磁珠法提取脂溶性维生素的检测性能良好,有望提高样品通量和分析效率。展开更多
目的探讨腹腔镜辅助脂肪锚定法治疗小儿低位隐睾的临床价值。方法选取2021年1月至2023年4月该院低位隐睾患儿89例,根据手术方案分为观察组(47例)和对照组(42例)。对照组采用经腹股沟切口睾丸固定术,观察组采用腹腔镜辅助脂肪锚定法。比...目的探讨腹腔镜辅助脂肪锚定法治疗小儿低位隐睾的临床价值。方法选取2021年1月至2023年4月该院低位隐睾患儿89例,根据手术方案分为观察组(47例)和对照组(42例)。对照组采用经腹股沟切口睾丸固定术,观察组采用腹腔镜辅助脂肪锚定法。比较2组手术时间、出血量、术后6 h改良面部表情评分法(FLACC)评分、出院时间,以及随访情况。结果观察组手术时间、出血量、术后6 h FLACC评分、出院时间均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见随访结果显示,对照组出现睾丸回缩1例,无睾丸萎缩。观察组阴囊饱满,外观满意,未出现睾丸萎缩或睾丸回缩。结论采用腹腔镜辅助脂肪锚定法治疗小儿低位隐睾,具有出血少、疼痛轻、恢复快,并发症少等优点。展开更多
背景:近期观察性研究发现局部脂肪量对于椎间盘退变评估有重要意义,而肥胖长期被认为是椎间盘退变的危险因素之一,作为肥胖核心因素的脂肪量在既往研究中与椎间盘退变的因果关系尚不明确。目的:探讨不同分布的脂肪量与椎间盘退变的因果...背景:近期观察性研究发现局部脂肪量对于椎间盘退变评估有重要意义,而肥胖长期被认为是椎间盘退变的危险因素之一,作为肥胖核心因素的脂肪量在既往研究中与椎间盘退变的因果关系尚不明确。目的:探讨不同分布的脂肪量与椎间盘退变的因果关系,以帮助增加对椎间盘退变发病机制的认知及制定预防、治疗及预后的策略。方法:从公开发表的IEU Open GWAS中以强相关性及满足连锁不平衡为条件提取躯干及下肢脂肪量的遗传位点作为工具变量,结合Finn Gen最新第9版数据库中选取椎间盘退变作为结局进行孟德尔随机化分析,通过逆方差加权法、MR-Egger回归、简单中位数法、加权中位数法和加权中值法等回归模型的OR值和95%CI评估躯干及下肢脂肪量与椎间盘退变间的因果关系。使用Cochran’s Q检验评估遗传工具变量的异质性,使用MR-Egger截距检验评估多效性,使用留一法评估作为工具变量的单核苷酸多态性对暴露和结局因果关系影响的敏感性。结果与结论:(1)逆方差加权法检测结果显示,躯干脂肪量与椎间盘退变发病风险呈正向因果关联(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.15-1.35,P<0.001),双下肢脂肪量与椎间盘退变发病风险呈反向因果关联(OR=0.7,95%CI:0.63-0.78,P<0.001;OR=0.69,95%CI:0.62-0.76,P<0.001);(2)MR-Egger截距分析未检测到潜在的水平多效性;(3)MR-PRESSO未检测到偏倚单核苷酸多态性,异质性检验存在,留一法敏感性分析提示分析结果可靠;(4)上述结果证实,躯干脂肪量与椎间盘退变有正向因果关系,随着躯干脂肪量增加,椎间盘退变的风险升高;双下肢脂肪量与椎间盘退变有反向因果关系,即随着双下肢脂肪量增加,椎间盘退变风险降低;脂肪的含量及分布会影响椎间盘退变的发病风险,应给予更多的关注。展开更多
AIM: To investigate fat infiltration and volume of spino-pelvic muscles in adults spinal deformity(ASD) with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and 3D reconstructions.METHODS: Nineteen female ASD patients(mean age 60 ...AIM: To investigate fat infiltration and volume of spino-pelvic muscles in adults spinal deformity(ASD) with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and 3D reconstructions.METHODS: Nineteen female ASD patients(mean age 60 ± 13) were included prospectively and consecutively and had T1-weighted Turbo Spin Echo sequence MRIs with Dixon method from the proximal tibia up to T12 vertebra. The Dixon method permitted to evaluate the proportion of fat inside each muscle(fat-water ratio). In order to investigate the accuracy of the Dixon method for estimating fat vs water, the same MRI acquisition was performed on phantoms of four vials composed of different proportion of fat vs water. With Muscl'X software, 3D reconstructions of 17 muscles or group of muscles were obtained identifying the muscle's contour on a limited number of axial images [Deformation of parametric specific objects(DPSO) Method]. Musclar volume(Vmuscle), infiltrated fat volume(Vfat) and percentage of fat infiltration [Pfat, calculated as follow: Pfat = 100 ×(Vfat/Vmuscle)] were characterized by extensor or flexor function respectively for the spine, hip and knee and theirs relationship with demographic data were investigated. RESULTS: Phantom acquisition demonstrated a non linear relation between Dixon fat-water ratio and the real fat-water ratio. In order to correct the Dixon fatwater ratio, the non linear relation was approximated with a polynomial function of degree three using the phantom acquisition. On average, Pfat was 13.3% ± 5.3%. Muscles from the spinal extensor group had a Pfat significantly greater than the other muscles groups, and the largest variability(Pfat = 31.9% ± 13.8%, P < 0.001). Muscles from the hip extensor group ranked 2nd in terms of Pfat(14% ± 8%), and were significantly greater than those of the knee extensor(P = 0.030). Muscles from the knee extensor group demonstrated the least Pfat(12% ± 8%). They were also the only group with a significant correlation between Vmuscle and Pfat(r =-0.741, P < 0.001), however this correlation was lacking in the other groups. No correlation was found between the Vmuscle total and age or body mass index. Except for the spine flexors, Pfat was correlated with age. Vmuscle and Vfat distributions demonstrated that muscular degeneration impacted the spinal extensors most.CONCLUSION: Mechanisms of fat infiltration are not similar among the muscle groups. Degeneration impacted the spinal and hip extensors most, key muscles of the sagittal alignment.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972597)National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1300202)S&T Program of Hebei(199A7310H).
文摘Background:There is a lack of data for the standardized ileal digestibility(SID) of fat and fatty acids in national feed databases.In addition,it is important to specify the procedures used for fat analyses.Therefore,an experiment was conducted to 1) determine the apparent ileal digestibility(AID) and SID of fat and fatty acids in ten different oil sources for growing pigs and to develop prediction equations for SID of fat based on fatty acid composition;and 2) compare the effect of the fat extraction methods on the calculated values for endogenous loss and digestibility of fat.Methods:Twenty-two barrows(initial body weight:32.1 ± 2.3 kg) were surgically fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum,and allotted to 1 of 11 experimental diets in a 4-period Youden Square design.A fat-free diet was formulated using cornstarch,soy protein isolate and sucrose.Ten oil-added diets were formulated by adding 6% of dietary oil sources to the fat-free diet at the expense of cornstarch.All diets contained 26% sugar beet pulp and 0.40% chromic oxide.Results:The endogenous loss of ether extract(EE) was lower than that of acid-hydrolyzed fat(AEE;P < 0.01).There were significant differences in the AID and SID of fat and saturated fatty acids across the dietary oil sources(P < 0.05).The SID of AEE for palm oil was lower than that of sunflower oil,corn oil,canola oil,rice oil and flaxseed oil(P < 0.01).The AID and SID of fat ranged from 79.65% to 86.97% and from 91.14% to 99.18%.Although the AID of EE was greater than that of AEE(P < 0.01),there was no significant difference in SID of EE and AEE except for palm oil.The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids(U/S) had a positive correlation with SID of fat(P < 0.05),whereas C16:0 and long chain saturated fatty acids(LSFA) were significant negatively correlated with SID of fat(P < 0.01).The best-fit equation to predict SID of fat was SID AEE = 102.75-0.15 × LSFA-0.74 × C18:0-0.03 × C18:1(Adjusted coefficient of determination = 0.88,P < 0.01).Conclusions:When calculating the SID of fat,the EE content of the samples can be analyzed using the direct extraction method,whereas the acid hydrolysis procedure should be used to determine the AID of fat.Fat digestibility of dietary oils was affected by their fatty acid composition,especially by the contents of C16:0,LSFA and U/S.
文摘目的评估自动化磁珠法提取血清脂溶性维生素应用液相色谱串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)检测的性能。方法收集200例临床剩余血清样本,采用自动化磁珠法提取血清中脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K;同时联合LC-MS/MS检测脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K的线性、定量限、精密度、正确度、携带污染率等性能指标以及基质效应。并比较此方法与传统萃取法检测结果的一致性。结果自动化磁珠法提取脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K线性相关系数均>0.99;五种物质的定量限分别为5,0.25,0.25,125和0.025ng/ml;批内精密度和批间精密度分别为0.66%~4.83%,0.15%~3.70%;平均加标回收率为87.05%~111.11%;基质效应为95.43%~99.07%;高-低值样本循环进样结果均值与低-低值样本循环进样结果均值之差,均小于低-低值样本循环进样结果均值的3s;统计学结果显示自动化磁珠法和传统萃取法提取的脂溶性维生素结果相关性良好(r>0.99),两种方法的检测结果无显著偏倚。结论自动化磁珠法提取脂溶性维生素的检测性能良好,有望提高样品通量和分析效率。
文摘目的探讨腹腔镜辅助脂肪锚定法治疗小儿低位隐睾的临床价值。方法选取2021年1月至2023年4月该院低位隐睾患儿89例,根据手术方案分为观察组(47例)和对照组(42例)。对照组采用经腹股沟切口睾丸固定术,观察组采用腹腔镜辅助脂肪锚定法。比较2组手术时间、出血量、术后6 h改良面部表情评分法(FLACC)评分、出院时间,以及随访情况。结果观察组手术时间、出血量、术后6 h FLACC评分、出院时间均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见随访结果显示,对照组出现睾丸回缩1例,无睾丸萎缩。观察组阴囊饱满,外观满意,未出现睾丸萎缩或睾丸回缩。结论采用腹腔镜辅助脂肪锚定法治疗小儿低位隐睾,具有出血少、疼痛轻、恢复快,并发症少等优点。
文摘背景:近期观察性研究发现局部脂肪量对于椎间盘退变评估有重要意义,而肥胖长期被认为是椎间盘退变的危险因素之一,作为肥胖核心因素的脂肪量在既往研究中与椎间盘退变的因果关系尚不明确。目的:探讨不同分布的脂肪量与椎间盘退变的因果关系,以帮助增加对椎间盘退变发病机制的认知及制定预防、治疗及预后的策略。方法:从公开发表的IEU Open GWAS中以强相关性及满足连锁不平衡为条件提取躯干及下肢脂肪量的遗传位点作为工具变量,结合Finn Gen最新第9版数据库中选取椎间盘退变作为结局进行孟德尔随机化分析,通过逆方差加权法、MR-Egger回归、简单中位数法、加权中位数法和加权中值法等回归模型的OR值和95%CI评估躯干及下肢脂肪量与椎间盘退变间的因果关系。使用Cochran’s Q检验评估遗传工具变量的异质性,使用MR-Egger截距检验评估多效性,使用留一法评估作为工具变量的单核苷酸多态性对暴露和结局因果关系影响的敏感性。结果与结论:(1)逆方差加权法检测结果显示,躯干脂肪量与椎间盘退变发病风险呈正向因果关联(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.15-1.35,P<0.001),双下肢脂肪量与椎间盘退变发病风险呈反向因果关联(OR=0.7,95%CI:0.63-0.78,P<0.001;OR=0.69,95%CI:0.62-0.76,P<0.001);(2)MR-Egger截距分析未检测到潜在的水平多效性;(3)MR-PRESSO未检测到偏倚单核苷酸多态性,异质性检验存在,留一法敏感性分析提示分析结果可靠;(4)上述结果证实,躯干脂肪量与椎间盘退变有正向因果关系,随着躯干脂肪量增加,椎间盘退变的风险升高;双下肢脂肪量与椎间盘退变有反向因果关系,即随着双下肢脂肪量增加,椎间盘退变风险降低;脂肪的含量及分布会影响椎间盘退变的发病风险,应给予更多的关注。
基金Supported by International Spine Study Group and ParisTech BiomecAM chair program on subject-specific musculoskeletal modeling,with the support of Proteor,Covea,Société Général,ParisTech and Yves Cotrel Foundation
文摘AIM: To investigate fat infiltration and volume of spino-pelvic muscles in adults spinal deformity(ASD) with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and 3D reconstructions.METHODS: Nineteen female ASD patients(mean age 60 ± 13) were included prospectively and consecutively and had T1-weighted Turbo Spin Echo sequence MRIs with Dixon method from the proximal tibia up to T12 vertebra. The Dixon method permitted to evaluate the proportion of fat inside each muscle(fat-water ratio). In order to investigate the accuracy of the Dixon method for estimating fat vs water, the same MRI acquisition was performed on phantoms of four vials composed of different proportion of fat vs water. With Muscl'X software, 3D reconstructions of 17 muscles or group of muscles were obtained identifying the muscle's contour on a limited number of axial images [Deformation of parametric specific objects(DPSO) Method]. Musclar volume(Vmuscle), infiltrated fat volume(Vfat) and percentage of fat infiltration [Pfat, calculated as follow: Pfat = 100 ×(Vfat/Vmuscle)] were characterized by extensor or flexor function respectively for the spine, hip and knee and theirs relationship with demographic data were investigated. RESULTS: Phantom acquisition demonstrated a non linear relation between Dixon fat-water ratio and the real fat-water ratio. In order to correct the Dixon fatwater ratio, the non linear relation was approximated with a polynomial function of degree three using the phantom acquisition. On average, Pfat was 13.3% ± 5.3%. Muscles from the spinal extensor group had a Pfat significantly greater than the other muscles groups, and the largest variability(Pfat = 31.9% ± 13.8%, P < 0.001). Muscles from the hip extensor group ranked 2nd in terms of Pfat(14% ± 8%), and were significantly greater than those of the knee extensor(P = 0.030). Muscles from the knee extensor group demonstrated the least Pfat(12% ± 8%). They were also the only group with a significant correlation between Vmuscle and Pfat(r =-0.741, P < 0.001), however this correlation was lacking in the other groups. No correlation was found between the Vmuscle total and age or body mass index. Except for the spine flexors, Pfat was correlated with age. Vmuscle and Vfat distributions demonstrated that muscular degeneration impacted the spinal extensors most.CONCLUSION: Mechanisms of fat infiltration are not similar among the muscle groups. Degeneration impacted the spinal and hip extensors most, key muscles of the sagittal alignment.
