目的分析艾司洛尔不良反应/事件发生特点,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法检索Web of Science、PubMed、Springer Link、中国知网、万方数据、维普网从建库至2023年10月31日中艾司洛尔致不良反应/事件个案报道,进行统计和分析,并基于美国...目的分析艾司洛尔不良反应/事件发生特点,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法检索Web of Science、PubMed、Springer Link、中国知网、万方数据、维普网从建库至2023年10月31日中艾司洛尔致不良反应/事件个案报道,进行统计和分析,并基于美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据(2004年第1季度至2023年第4季度)进行挖掘验证其一致性。结果文献检索共纳入14篇个案报道,14例患者发生艾司洛尔不良反应/事件;男性10例,女性4例;年龄15~94岁,平均年龄59.79岁;发生时间最短为立即发生,最长9 d;不良反应主要有癫痫发作、谵妄、低钠血症、心脏骤停、严重室性心律失常、多巴酚丁胺应激超声心动图假阳性冠状动脉痉挛等。美国FAERS数据库中艾司洛尔不良事件报告208例,发生不良事件559例次,累及系统--器官分类(SOC)21个;不良事件信号强度排序为:交界异位性心动过速、心搏出量降低、无脉性电活动、外渗、热射病、心室机能障碍、室颤、输液部位渗出、心源性休克、冠状动脉痉挛等,与文献收集的病例报告一致性较高。结论艾司洛尔临床应用广泛,发生的不良反应/事件多为轻微且短暂,但有严重的且说明书未记载的不良反应/事件。建议临床使用时仍需谨慎,对不良反应/事件早期判断、及时停药、尽早给予相关对症处理。展开更多
目的运用美国FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)挖掘艾塞那肽微球使用中不良事件(ADE)风险信号,为临床合理用药和保障用药安全提供参考。方法以“艾塞那肽微球”为目标药物,检索关键词为“exenatide microspheres for injection”“LY05006”...目的运用美国FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)挖掘艾塞那肽微球使用中不良事件(ADE)风险信号,为临床合理用药和保障用药安全提供参考。方法以“艾塞那肽微球”为目标药物,检索关键词为“exenatide microspheres for injection”“LY05006”“AC 2993 LAR”及“bydureon”,利用SAS软件提取FAERS数据库中2012年1月2日至2023年3月31日的ADE报告数据并去重,采用报告比值比法与综合标准法对艾塞那肽微球相关ADE报告进行数据挖掘。结果共检索到艾塞那肽微球ADE报告27248份,涉及27个系统器官分类,其中严重ADE报告4719份。上报人员以消费者为主(18435例,占67.66%),上报国家以美国为主(26295例,占96.50%)。采用报告比值比法(ROR)与综合标准法(MHRA)共获得163个ADE风险信号,包括血胆固醇异常、脂肪酶升高及混合型高脂血症等新发不良反应。结论基于FAERS数据库对艾塞那肽微球上市后的ADE进行挖掘分析,可对临床用药安全和提高患者用药依从性提供参考。展开更多
Infections caused by intracellular bacterial pathogens are difficult to treat since most antibiotics have low cell permeability and undergo rapid degradation within cells.The rapid development and dissemination of ant...Infections caused by intracellular bacterial pathogens are difficult to treat since most antibiotics have low cell permeability and undergo rapid degradation within cells.The rapid development and dissemination of antimicrobial–resistant strains have exacerbated this dilemma.With the increasing knowledge of host–pathogen interactions,especially bacterial strategies for survival and proliferation within host cells,host-directed therapy(HDT)has attracted increased interest and has emerged as a promising antiinfection method for treating intracellular infection.Herein,we applied a cell-based screening approach to a US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug library to identify compounds that can inhibit the intracellular replication of Salmonella Typhimurium(S.Typhimurium).This screening allowed us to identify the antidiarrheal agent loperamide(LPD)as a potent inhibitor of S.Typhimurium intracellular proliferation.LPD treatment of infected cells markedly promoted the host autophagic response and lysosomal activity.A mechanistic study revealed that the increase in host autophagy and elimination of intracellular bacteria were dependent on the high expression of glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B(GPNMB)induced by LPD.In addition,LPD treatment effectively protected against S.Typhimurium infection in Galleria mellonella and mouse models.Thus,our study suggested that LPD may be useful for the treatment of diseases caused by intracellular bacterial pathogens.Moreover,LPD may serve as a promising lead compound for the development of anti-infection drugs based on the HDT strategy.展开更多
文摘目的分析艾司洛尔不良反应/事件发生特点,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法检索Web of Science、PubMed、Springer Link、中国知网、万方数据、维普网从建库至2023年10月31日中艾司洛尔致不良反应/事件个案报道,进行统计和分析,并基于美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据(2004年第1季度至2023年第4季度)进行挖掘验证其一致性。结果文献检索共纳入14篇个案报道,14例患者发生艾司洛尔不良反应/事件;男性10例,女性4例;年龄15~94岁,平均年龄59.79岁;发生时间最短为立即发生,最长9 d;不良反应主要有癫痫发作、谵妄、低钠血症、心脏骤停、严重室性心律失常、多巴酚丁胺应激超声心动图假阳性冠状动脉痉挛等。美国FAERS数据库中艾司洛尔不良事件报告208例,发生不良事件559例次,累及系统--器官分类(SOC)21个;不良事件信号强度排序为:交界异位性心动过速、心搏出量降低、无脉性电活动、外渗、热射病、心室机能障碍、室颤、输液部位渗出、心源性休克、冠状动脉痉挛等,与文献收集的病例报告一致性较高。结论艾司洛尔临床应用广泛,发生的不良反应/事件多为轻微且短暂,但有严重的且说明书未记载的不良反应/事件。建议临床使用时仍需谨慎,对不良反应/事件早期判断、及时停药、尽早给予相关对症处理。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1801000)the Natural Science Foundation of China(32373066)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(20230101142JC)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Infections caused by intracellular bacterial pathogens are difficult to treat since most antibiotics have low cell permeability and undergo rapid degradation within cells.The rapid development and dissemination of antimicrobial–resistant strains have exacerbated this dilemma.With the increasing knowledge of host–pathogen interactions,especially bacterial strategies for survival and proliferation within host cells,host-directed therapy(HDT)has attracted increased interest and has emerged as a promising antiinfection method for treating intracellular infection.Herein,we applied a cell-based screening approach to a US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug library to identify compounds that can inhibit the intracellular replication of Salmonella Typhimurium(S.Typhimurium).This screening allowed us to identify the antidiarrheal agent loperamide(LPD)as a potent inhibitor of S.Typhimurium intracellular proliferation.LPD treatment of infected cells markedly promoted the host autophagic response and lysosomal activity.A mechanistic study revealed that the increase in host autophagy and elimination of intracellular bacteria were dependent on the high expression of glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B(GPNMB)induced by LPD.In addition,LPD treatment effectively protected against S.Typhimurium infection in Galleria mellonella and mouse models.Thus,our study suggested that LPD may be useful for the treatment of diseases caused by intracellular bacterial pathogens.Moreover,LPD may serve as a promising lead compound for the development of anti-infection drugs based on the HDT strategy.
