目的观察卵巢-附件报告和数据系统超声2022版(O-RADS US v2022)及其联合恶性风险指数4(RMI4)鉴别附件良、恶性肿瘤的价值。方法回顾性分析126例手术病理诊断为附件肿瘤患者,根据O-RADS US v2022将1~3类归为良性病变、4~5类归为恶性病变,...目的观察卵巢-附件报告和数据系统超声2022版(O-RADS US v2022)及其联合恶性风险指数4(RMI4)鉴别附件良、恶性肿瘤的价值。方法回顾性分析126例手术病理诊断为附件肿瘤患者,根据O-RADS US v2022将1~3类归为良性病变、4~5类归为恶性病变,以450为RMI4分类的临界值,基于二者进行联合分类。以病理结果为金标准,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评估单一O-RADS US v2022、RMI4及其联合鉴别附件良、恶性肿瘤的效能。结果126例附件肿瘤中,良性94例、恶性32例。O-RADS US v2022鉴别附件良、恶性肿瘤的敏感度、特异度、准确率及AUC分别为78.13%、80.85%和80.16%、0.795,RMI4分别为71.88%、84.04%和80.95%、0.780;二者联合的特异度及准确率(93.62%、92.06%)均高于单一O-RADS US v2022(χ^(2)=7.322、5.967,P=0.007、0.015)或RMI4(χ^(2)=4.625、5.331,P=0.032、0.021),而敏感度及AUC(87.50%、0.906)差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论O-RADS US v2022能有效鉴别附件良、恶性肿瘤,联合RMI4可提高鉴别特异度及准确率。展开更多
The introduction of a new concept of space-energy duality serves to extend the applicability of the Einstein field equation in the context of a 4-index framework. The utilization of the Weyl tensor enables the derivat...The introduction of a new concept of space-energy duality serves to extend the applicability of the Einstein field equation in the context of a 4-index framework. The utilization of the Weyl tensor enables the derivation of Einstein’s equations in the 4-index format. Additionally, a two-index field equation is presented, comprising a conventional Einstein field equation and a trace-free Einstein equation. Notably, the cosmological constant is associated with a novel concept that facilitates the encoding of space and energy information, thereby enabling the recognition of mutual interactions between space and energy in the presence of gravitational forces, as dictated by Einstein’s field equations (EFE) and Trace-Free Einstein Equation (TFE).展开更多
目的:探讨aMAP(age-male-ALBI-platelet,aMAP)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶/血小板比率指数(aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index,APRI)、基于4因子的肝纤维化指数(fibrosis index based on the 4 factors,FIB-4)及肝硬度值(...目的:探讨aMAP(age-male-ALBI-platelet,aMAP)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶/血小板比率指数(aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index,APRI)、基于4因子的肝纤维化指数(fibrosis index based on the 4 factors,FIB-4)及肝硬度值(liver stiffness measurement,LSM)评估乙型肝炎(乙肝)肝硬化患者食管胃静脉曲张(esophageal gastric varices,EGV)程度的价值。方法:选取2018年4月到2022年5月期间在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院确诊并接受治疗的乙肝肝硬化患者114例,对其进行肝功能、血常规、LSM、胃镜等检查,根据计算公式计算aMAP、APRI、FIB-4。根据胃镜结果将患者分为无EGV组(39例)、轻度EGV组(30例)、中度EGV组(23例)及重度EGV组(22例),比较4组间的aMAP、APRI、FIB-4。采用受试者操作特征曲线(receiver operator characteristic curve,ROC曲线)分析aMAP、APRI、FIB-4及LSM评估乙肝肝硬化患者EGV程度的价值。结果:EGV患者(包括轻度、中度及重度EGV组)的aMAP、APRI、FIB-4、LSM均显著高于无EGV的患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻度、中度及重度EGV组间的aMAP、APRI、FIB-4差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);轻度EGV组与中度、重度EGV组间LSM差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。aMAP评估EGV程度的ROC曲线下面积(the area under ROC curve,AUROC)为0.76,灵敏度为85.9%,特异度为65.7%;APRI、FIB-4和LSM评估EGV程度的AUROC分别为0.86、0.85、0.79,灵敏度分别为81.30%、82.80%、88.40%,特异度分别为82.90%、77.10%、66.80%。aMAP、APRI、FIB-4和LSM对肝硬化患者是否合并EGV有较好诊断价值(P<0.05)。aMAP、APRI、FIB-4对乙肝肝硬化患者的EGV程度有一定诊断价值(P<0.05),但特异度较低。结论:aMAP、APRI、FIB-4及LSM诊断乙肝肝硬化患者伴EGV的价值较高,而aMAP、APRI及FIB-4对其EGV程度有一定评估价值,可作为不适合做胃镜患者评估EGV的补充参考,为EGV的预防及治疗提供依据。展开更多
AIM To assess the diagnostic value of FIB-4, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI), and liver stiffness measurement(LSM) in patients with hepatitis B virus infection who have persistently normal ala...AIM To assess the diagnostic value of FIB-4, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI), and liver stiffness measurement(LSM) in patients with hepatitis B virus infection who have persistently normal alanine transaminase(PNALT).METHODS We enrolled 245 patients with chronic hepatitis B: 95 in PNALT group, 86 in intermittently elevated alanine transaminase(PIALT1) group [alanine transaminase(ALT) within 1-2 × upper limit of normal value(ULN)], and 64 in PIALT2 group(ALT > 2 × ULN). All the patients received a percutaneous liver biopsy guided by ultrasonography. LSM, biochemical tests, and complete blood cell counts were performed.RESULTS The pathological examination revealed moderate inflammatory necrosis ratios of 16.81%(16/95), 32.56%(28/86), and 45.31%(28/64), and moderate liverfibrosis of 24.2%(23/95), 33.72%(29/86), and 43.75%(28/64) in the PNALT, PIALT1, and PIALT2 groups, respectively. The degrees of inflammation and liver fibrosis were significantly higher in the PIALT groups than in the PNALT group(P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the areas under the curve(AUCs) between APRI and FIB-4 in the PNALT group; however, significant differences were found between APRI and LSM, and between FIB-4 and LSM in the PNALT group(P < 0.05 for both). In the PIALT1 and PIALT2 groups, no significant difference(P > 0.05) was found in AUCs for all comparisons(P > 0.05 for all). In the overall patients, a significant difference in the AUCs was found only between LSM and APRI(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION APRI and FIB-4 are not the ideal noninvasive hepatic fibrosis markers for PNALT patients. LSM is superior to APRI and FIB-4 in PNALT patients because of the influence of liver inflammation and necrosis.展开更多
A novel chemiluminescence （CL） system for determination of permanganate index （CODMn） combined with flow injection analysis has been proposed in this study. On the basis of the chemiluminescent reaction of luminol...A novel chemiluminescence （CL） system for determination of permanganate index （CODMn） combined with flow injection analysis has been proposed in this study. On the basis of the chemiluminescent reaction of luminol-KMnO4 system, light emission caused by luminol-KMnO4 system was detected by the photomultiplier tube, and its intensity caused by the appearance of KMnO4 after sample digestion was inversely proportional to CODMn. Effects for CODMn determining such as pH, concentrations and interference were investigated in detail. A detection limit of 0.3 mg/L CODMn with a linear range of 0.3-200 mg/L for its theoretical CODMn was obtained under the optimized experimental conditions. The relative standard deviation was 4.3% for 5.0 mg/L CODMn （n = 11）. This CL flow system for determining CODMn was simple, rapid, and suitable for automatic analysis. The data obtained by the present method were fairly in good agreement with those obtained by the standard titrimetric method. It has been applied to determine real samples with satisfactory results.展开更多
文摘目的观察卵巢-附件报告和数据系统超声2022版(O-RADS US v2022)及其联合恶性风险指数4(RMI4)鉴别附件良、恶性肿瘤的价值。方法回顾性分析126例手术病理诊断为附件肿瘤患者,根据O-RADS US v2022将1~3类归为良性病变、4~5类归为恶性病变,以450为RMI4分类的临界值,基于二者进行联合分类。以病理结果为金标准,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评估单一O-RADS US v2022、RMI4及其联合鉴别附件良、恶性肿瘤的效能。结果126例附件肿瘤中,良性94例、恶性32例。O-RADS US v2022鉴别附件良、恶性肿瘤的敏感度、特异度、准确率及AUC分别为78.13%、80.85%和80.16%、0.795,RMI4分别为71.88%、84.04%和80.95%、0.780;二者联合的特异度及准确率(93.62%、92.06%)均高于单一O-RADS US v2022(χ^(2)=7.322、5.967,P=0.007、0.015)或RMI4(χ^(2)=4.625、5.331,P=0.032、0.021),而敏感度及AUC(87.50%、0.906)差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论O-RADS US v2022能有效鉴别附件良、恶性肿瘤,联合RMI4可提高鉴别特异度及准确率。
文摘The introduction of a new concept of space-energy duality serves to extend the applicability of the Einstein field equation in the context of a 4-index framework. The utilization of the Weyl tensor enables the derivation of Einstein’s equations in the 4-index format. Additionally, a two-index field equation is presented, comprising a conventional Einstein field equation and a trace-free Einstein equation. Notably, the cosmological constant is associated with a novel concept that facilitates the encoding of space and energy information, thereby enabling the recognition of mutual interactions between space and energy in the presence of gravitational forces, as dictated by Einstein’s field equations (EFE) and Trace-Free Einstein Equation (TFE).
文摘目的:探讨aMAP(age-male-ALBI-platelet,aMAP)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶/血小板比率指数(aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index,APRI)、基于4因子的肝纤维化指数(fibrosis index based on the 4 factors,FIB-4)及肝硬度值(liver stiffness measurement,LSM)评估乙型肝炎(乙肝)肝硬化患者食管胃静脉曲张(esophageal gastric varices,EGV)程度的价值。方法:选取2018年4月到2022年5月期间在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院确诊并接受治疗的乙肝肝硬化患者114例,对其进行肝功能、血常规、LSM、胃镜等检查,根据计算公式计算aMAP、APRI、FIB-4。根据胃镜结果将患者分为无EGV组(39例)、轻度EGV组(30例)、中度EGV组(23例)及重度EGV组(22例),比较4组间的aMAP、APRI、FIB-4。采用受试者操作特征曲线(receiver operator characteristic curve,ROC曲线)分析aMAP、APRI、FIB-4及LSM评估乙肝肝硬化患者EGV程度的价值。结果:EGV患者(包括轻度、中度及重度EGV组)的aMAP、APRI、FIB-4、LSM均显著高于无EGV的患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻度、中度及重度EGV组间的aMAP、APRI、FIB-4差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);轻度EGV组与中度、重度EGV组间LSM差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。aMAP评估EGV程度的ROC曲线下面积(the area under ROC curve,AUROC)为0.76,灵敏度为85.9%,特异度为65.7%;APRI、FIB-4和LSM评估EGV程度的AUROC分别为0.86、0.85、0.79,灵敏度分别为81.30%、82.80%、88.40%,特异度分别为82.90%、77.10%、66.80%。aMAP、APRI、FIB-4和LSM对肝硬化患者是否合并EGV有较好诊断价值(P<0.05)。aMAP、APRI、FIB-4对乙肝肝硬化患者的EGV程度有一定诊断价值(P<0.05),但特异度较低。结论:aMAP、APRI、FIB-4及LSM诊断乙肝肝硬化患者伴EGV的价值较高,而aMAP、APRI及FIB-4对其EGV程度有一定评估价值,可作为不适合做胃镜患者评估EGV的补充参考,为EGV的预防及治疗提供依据。
文摘AIM To assess the diagnostic value of FIB-4, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI), and liver stiffness measurement(LSM) in patients with hepatitis B virus infection who have persistently normal alanine transaminase(PNALT).METHODS We enrolled 245 patients with chronic hepatitis B: 95 in PNALT group, 86 in intermittently elevated alanine transaminase(PIALT1) group [alanine transaminase(ALT) within 1-2 × upper limit of normal value(ULN)], and 64 in PIALT2 group(ALT > 2 × ULN). All the patients received a percutaneous liver biopsy guided by ultrasonography. LSM, biochemical tests, and complete blood cell counts were performed.RESULTS The pathological examination revealed moderate inflammatory necrosis ratios of 16.81%(16/95), 32.56%(28/86), and 45.31%(28/64), and moderate liverfibrosis of 24.2%(23/95), 33.72%(29/86), and 43.75%(28/64) in the PNALT, PIALT1, and PIALT2 groups, respectively. The degrees of inflammation and liver fibrosis were significantly higher in the PIALT groups than in the PNALT group(P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the areas under the curve(AUCs) between APRI and FIB-4 in the PNALT group; however, significant differences were found between APRI and LSM, and between FIB-4 and LSM in the PNALT group(P < 0.05 for both). In the PIALT1 and PIALT2 groups, no significant difference(P > 0.05) was found in AUCs for all comparisons(P > 0.05 for all). In the overall patients, a significant difference in the AUCs was found only between LSM and APRI(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION APRI and FIB-4 are not the ideal noninvasive hepatic fibrosis markers for PNALT patients. LSM is superior to APRI and FIB-4 in PNALT patients because of the influence of liver inflammation and necrosis.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 20005005） the Chenguang Project of Wuhan City （No. 20005004026）.
文摘A novel chemiluminescence （CL） system for determination of permanganate index （CODMn） combined with flow injection analysis has been proposed in this study. On the basis of the chemiluminescent reaction of luminol-KMnO4 system, light emission caused by luminol-KMnO4 system was detected by the photomultiplier tube, and its intensity caused by the appearance of KMnO4 after sample digestion was inversely proportional to CODMn. Effects for CODMn determining such as pH, concentrations and interference were investigated in detail. A detection limit of 0.3 mg/L CODMn with a linear range of 0.3-200 mg/L for its theoretical CODMn was obtained under the optimized experimental conditions. The relative standard deviation was 4.3% for 5.0 mg/L CODMn （n = 11）. This CL flow system for determining CODMn was simple, rapid, and suitable for automatic analysis. The data obtained by the present method were fairly in good agreement with those obtained by the standard titrimetric method. It has been applied to determine real samples with satisfactory results.
