Background: Fibrocystic disease of the breast in one of the commonest diseases in women above 30 years of age. The assumption of it being innocuous and benign is questionable with increased incidence of malignancies d...Background: Fibrocystic disease of the breast in one of the commonest diseases in women above 30 years of age. The assumption of it being innocuous and benign is questionable with increased incidence of malignancies developing in these women. Introduction: Understanding the pathophysiology of fibrocystic disease is essential for identifying determinants of malignant change. Case Report: A case of carcinoma of breast developing in a longstanding and recurrent fibrocystic disease is reported. Discussion: The pathological changes including the influence of hormones on the natural history of the disease arediscussed to identify the determinants of malignant transformation. Conclusion: Breast cyst fluid, patterns of cellular lining of the cysts, multiplicity, recurrence and patterns of cellular morphology are important determinants of malignant change.展开更多
The effect of progesterone therapy on E2/P ratio changes during the luteal phase, and its consequences are on mastalgia and cyst, within a fibrocystic breast disease (FBD). Fifty women with FBD were included. Informat...The effect of progesterone therapy on E2/P ratio changes during the luteal phase, and its consequences are on mastalgia and cyst, within a fibrocystic breast disease (FBD). Fifty women with FBD were included. Information for mastalgia and mastodynia were checked with a questionnaire. All women had (E2) and (P) concentration checked before and during the therapy on the 21st and 24th day of a cycle, ultrasound measured size and number of cysts before and during the therapy. T-test, X<sup>2</sup>-test, McNemar test, Wilcoxon test and Friedman test were used for statistics. There was a decrease E2/P relation during the therapy vs. before the treatment p < 0.01, as well as the decrease of E2 level on the 24th day during the therapy vs. same day of E2 level, before the therapy (p = 0.164). There was an increase of p level on the 24th day vs. on 24th day before the therapy (p < 0.001). During the therapy, it was found decrease in pain and tension (p < 0.001), and the number and size of the cysts (p < 0.001). Mastalgia and mastodynia significantly decreased during the local p gel therapy, and there was a significantly lower number and size of the cysts in patients with FBD.展开更多
It is discovered by the authors of this article thatchronic hepatitis and hepatocirrhosis (hereinafterchronic hepatopathy for short) are often accompaniedby some diseases of endocrine and mammary glands.The authors ha...It is discovered by the authors of this article thatchronic hepatitis and hepatocirrhosis (hereinafterchronic hepatopathy for short) are often accompaniedby some diseases of endocrine and mammary glands.The authors have studied the pathogenesis andtreatment of the complications as presented in thefollowing.展开更多
BACKGROUND Breast adenoid cystic carcinoma(AdCC)is a rare invasive carcinoma composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells.Microglandular adenosis(MGA)is a rare benign proliferative lesion consisting of small,uniform...BACKGROUND Breast adenoid cystic carcinoma(AdCC)is a rare invasive carcinoma composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells.Microglandular adenosis(MGA)is a rare benign proliferative lesion consisting of small,uniform,and round glands formed by a single layer of epithelial cells and basement membrane without a myoepithelial cell layer.MGA may progress to atypical MGA and carcinoma arising in MGA.Among various invasive carcinomas from MGA,AdCC has been rarely reported.Here,we report a case of AdCC arising in MGA.CASE SUMMARY A 59-year-old woman was diagnosed with a newly developed density on a routine mammogram.The density was similar to or slightly lower than that of the breast parenchyma.Sonography showed an irregular mass with a slightly higher echo than that of fat.Magnetic resonance imaging showed an irregular mass with a similar T1 signal intensity and a slightly higher T2 signal intensity compared to muscles or the breast parenchyma.The lesion showed heterogeneous internal enhancement with an initially slow and delayed persistent enhancing pattern.Microscopically,the tumor was composed of invasive AdCC,in situ AdCC,and MGA.AdCC is composed of basaloid and ductal epithelial cells forming cribriform or solid sheets,or haphazardly scattered small cribriform or tubular glands.MGA showed small glands with a single epithelial lining and retained lumen.S-100 staining was strongly positive in MGA area.The patient underwent breast-conserving surgery with sentinel lymph node biopsy.CONCLUSION Breast AdCC arising in MGA showed unique imaging findings that was different from usual invasive cancer.展开更多
目的探讨剪切波弹性模量联合乳腺影像报告与数据系统(breast imaging reporting and data system,BI-RADS)分级对乳腺结节良恶性的诊断价值。方法对120个乳腺结节进行BI-RADS分级,并进行剪切波弹性成像检测,得到弹性模量平均值和标准差(...目的探讨剪切波弹性模量联合乳腺影像报告与数据系统(breast imaging reporting and data system,BI-RADS)分级对乳腺结节良恶性的诊断价值。方法对120个乳腺结节进行BI-RADS分级,并进行剪切波弹性成像检测,得到弹性模量平均值和标准差(Std),以弹性模量平均值、Std和BI-RADS分级作为自变量,建立回归方程;将回归方程计算得出的P值定义为结节恶性的预测概率值,找出最佳的诊断分界值。结果单纯BI-RADS分级的ROC曲线下面积为0.9330,诊断的灵敏性、特异性及准确度分别为0.95652、0.78378、0.85000,约登指数为0.74031。剪切波弹性模量联合BI-RADS分级的ROC曲线下面积为0.9900,对照病理诊断结果,取准确度与约登指数最大时结节恶性的预测概率值0.685为诊断分界点,诊断的灵敏性、特异性及准确度分别为0.91304、0.98649、0.95833,约登指数为0.89953。结论剪切波弹性模量与BI-RADS分级联合应用可显著提高乳腺结节诊断的特异性和准确率。展开更多
文摘Background: Fibrocystic disease of the breast in one of the commonest diseases in women above 30 years of age. The assumption of it being innocuous and benign is questionable with increased incidence of malignancies developing in these women. Introduction: Understanding the pathophysiology of fibrocystic disease is essential for identifying determinants of malignant change. Case Report: A case of carcinoma of breast developing in a longstanding and recurrent fibrocystic disease is reported. Discussion: The pathological changes including the influence of hormones on the natural history of the disease arediscussed to identify the determinants of malignant transformation. Conclusion: Breast cyst fluid, patterns of cellular lining of the cysts, multiplicity, recurrence and patterns of cellular morphology are important determinants of malignant change.
文摘The effect of progesterone therapy on E2/P ratio changes during the luteal phase, and its consequences are on mastalgia and cyst, within a fibrocystic breast disease (FBD). Fifty women with FBD were included. Information for mastalgia and mastodynia were checked with a questionnaire. All women had (E2) and (P) concentration checked before and during the therapy on the 21st and 24th day of a cycle, ultrasound measured size and number of cysts before and during the therapy. T-test, X<sup>2</sup>-test, McNemar test, Wilcoxon test and Friedman test were used for statistics. There was a decrease E2/P relation during the therapy vs. before the treatment p < 0.01, as well as the decrease of E2 level on the 24th day during the therapy vs. same day of E2 level, before the therapy (p = 0.164). There was an increase of p level on the 24th day vs. on 24th day before the therapy (p < 0.001). During the therapy, it was found decrease in pain and tension (p < 0.001), and the number and size of the cysts (p < 0.001). Mastalgia and mastodynia significantly decreased during the local p gel therapy, and there was a significantly lower number and size of the cysts in patients with FBD.
文摘It is discovered by the authors of this article thatchronic hepatitis and hepatocirrhosis (hereinafterchronic hepatopathy for short) are often accompaniedby some diseases of endocrine and mammary glands.The authors have studied the pathogenesis andtreatment of the complications as presented in thefollowing.
文摘BACKGROUND Breast adenoid cystic carcinoma(AdCC)is a rare invasive carcinoma composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells.Microglandular adenosis(MGA)is a rare benign proliferative lesion consisting of small,uniform,and round glands formed by a single layer of epithelial cells and basement membrane without a myoepithelial cell layer.MGA may progress to atypical MGA and carcinoma arising in MGA.Among various invasive carcinomas from MGA,AdCC has been rarely reported.Here,we report a case of AdCC arising in MGA.CASE SUMMARY A 59-year-old woman was diagnosed with a newly developed density on a routine mammogram.The density was similar to or slightly lower than that of the breast parenchyma.Sonography showed an irregular mass with a slightly higher echo than that of fat.Magnetic resonance imaging showed an irregular mass with a similar T1 signal intensity and a slightly higher T2 signal intensity compared to muscles or the breast parenchyma.The lesion showed heterogeneous internal enhancement with an initially slow and delayed persistent enhancing pattern.Microscopically,the tumor was composed of invasive AdCC,in situ AdCC,and MGA.AdCC is composed of basaloid and ductal epithelial cells forming cribriform or solid sheets,or haphazardly scattered small cribriform or tubular glands.MGA showed small glands with a single epithelial lining and retained lumen.S-100 staining was strongly positive in MGA area.The patient underwent breast-conserving surgery with sentinel lymph node biopsy.CONCLUSION Breast AdCC arising in MGA showed unique imaging findings that was different from usual invasive cancer.
文摘目的探讨剪切波弹性模量联合乳腺影像报告与数据系统(breast imaging reporting and data system,BI-RADS)分级对乳腺结节良恶性的诊断价值。方法对120个乳腺结节进行BI-RADS分级,并进行剪切波弹性成像检测,得到弹性模量平均值和标准差(Std),以弹性模量平均值、Std和BI-RADS分级作为自变量,建立回归方程;将回归方程计算得出的P值定义为结节恶性的预测概率值,找出最佳的诊断分界值。结果单纯BI-RADS分级的ROC曲线下面积为0.9330,诊断的灵敏性、特异性及准确度分别为0.95652、0.78378、0.85000,约登指数为0.74031。剪切波弹性模量联合BI-RADS分级的ROC曲线下面积为0.9900,对照病理诊断结果,取准确度与约登指数最大时结节恶性的预测概率值0.685为诊断分界点,诊断的灵敏性、特异性及准确度分别为0.91304、0.98649、0.95833,约登指数为0.89953。结论剪切波弹性模量与BI-RADS分级联合应用可显著提高乳腺结节诊断的特异性和准确率。
