BACKGROUND Congenital lymphangiectasia is a rare disease characterized by dilated interstitial lymphatic vessels and cystic expansion of the lymphatic vessels.Congenital lymphangiectasia can affect various organ syste...BACKGROUND Congenital lymphangiectasia is a rare disease characterized by dilated interstitial lymphatic vessels and cystic expansion of the lymphatic vessels.Congenital lymphangiectasia can affect various organ systems;however,it frequently occurs in the lungs accompanied with unexplained pleural effusion.Further,it might not be diagnosed during prenatal examination owing to the absence of pronounced abnormalities.However,after birth the newborn rapidly develops respiratory distress that quickly deteriorates.Genetic variations in proteins controlling the development of lymphatic vessels contribute to the pathophysiology of this disease.We report a rare case of heterozygous mutation of ADAMTS3 and FLT4 genes,which have not been reported previously.CASE SUMMARY We analysed the case of a neonate who had presented with only pleural effusion at a late gestational age and eventually died due to its inability to establish spontaneous breathing after birth.An autopsy revealed lymphangiectasia of the organ systems.Further,whole exome sequencing revealed heterozygous mutations of the lymphangiogenesis-controlling genes,ADAMTS3 and FLT4,and Sanger verification revealed similar lesions in the mother with no symptoms.CONCLUSION Considering the presented case,obstetricians should observe unexplained foetal pleural effusion,and perform pathology analysis and whole exome sequencing for a conclusive diagnosis and prompt treatment.展开更多
Objective： To analyze Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 （FLT3）/internal-tandem duplications （ITD） mutations in various kinds of hematologic malignancy patients. Methods： FLT3/ITD gene mutations were detected by polymer...Objective： To analyze Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 （FLT3）/internal-tandem duplications （ITD） mutations in various kinds of hematologic malignancy patients. Methods： FLT3/ITD gene mutations were detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） in 103 acute myeloid leukemia （AML） cases, 63 acute lymphocytic leukemia （ALL） cases, 53 chronic myelogenous leukemia （CML） cases in chronic phase （CML-CP）, 34 CML cases in blast crisis （CML-BC）, 11 chronic lymphatic leukemia （CLL） cases, 36 myelodysplastic syndrome （MDS） cases, 9 multiple myeloma （MM） cases and 13 non-hodgkin＇s lymphoma （NHL） cases with marrow infiltration. Results： The expressions of FLT3/ITD gene mutations were detected in 22.3% AML cases, in 6.5% CML-BC cases, in 5.6% MDS cases and in 2.6% ALL cases. The two ALL cases with FLT3/ITD mutation were diagnosed as ALL-L2 with morphology and both with myeloid antigen expression, but finally were diagnosed as acute mixed-lineage leukemia after immunology examination. FLT3/ITD gene mutations were not detected in CML-CP, MM, NHL and CLL cases. In the 23 AML patients with FLT3/ITD gene mutation, including 2 of 8 M1 （2.5%）, 8 of 33 M2 （24.2%）, 7 of 24 M3 （29.3%）, 2 of 11 M4 （18.2%）, 3 of 21 M5 （14.3%）, 1 of 5 M6 （20%）, and 0 of 1 M7 cases, and there were no significant differences in the positive rates of FLT3/ITD mutations between the FAB subtypes （P 〉 0.05）. Statistical analyses showed that in AML patients, FLT3/ITD was associated with a higher peripheral blood white cell （WBC） counts [（41.23 ± 32.56） x 109/L vs （11.36 ± 9.89） × 10^9/L （P 〈 0.01 ）], higher percentage of bone marrow blast cells [（72.78 ± 21.79）% vs （51.26 ± 20.78）% （P 〈 0.05）], and higher cumulative relapse rates （63.6% vs 27.7%, P 〈 0.025） than those negative. Conclusion： FLT3/ITD gene mutation mainly occurred in AML patients, and might be a strong prognostic factor which was associated with high peripheral WBC counts, bone marrow blast cell proportion and a increased relapse risk in AML. Detection of FLT3/ITD gene mutation might provide insights to explore a more accurate genotyping of leukemia, differential diagnosis between AML and ALL, subdivide risk level in AML and estimate prognosis of leukemia.展开更多
目的:探讨伴有FMS样酪氨酸激酶3-内部串联重复突变(FLT3-ITD)急性髓系白血病(AML)的临床特点和对治疗的反应。方法:回顾性分析从2014年1月到2017年7月初诊AML(除M3型)128例,分为FLT3-ITD突变和无FLT3-ITD突变组。FLT3-ITD和NPM1突变采用...目的:探讨伴有FMS样酪氨酸激酶3-内部串联重复突变(FLT3-ITD)急性髓系白血病(AML)的临床特点和对治疗的反应。方法:回顾性分析从2014年1月到2017年7月初诊AML(除M3型)128例,分为FLT3-ITD突变和无FLT3-ITD突变组。FLT3-ITD和NPM1突变采用PCR和基因测序法检测。采用标准3+7方案或CAG作为首次诱导化疗方案。4人接受索拉非尼治疗。总生存期(OS)定义为从确诊到死亡或最后随访之间的持续时间。统计采用SPSS 17.0软件,总体生存(overall survival,OS)采用Kaplan Meier方法计算。结果:有临床资料可评价97例,4例FLT3-TKD突变(占4.1%),19例FLT3-ITD突变(占19.59%)。中位白细胞计数(WBC)、外周血幼稚细胞比例和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)值在FLT3-ITD组明显升高,在FLT3-ITD突变组和无突变组分别为64.65(1.07-587.92)×109/L vs 39.68(0.45-203.81)×109/L(P=0.00)、69.62(16-99)%vs 36.35(0-92)%(P=0.00)和LDH 526(124-2729)U/L vs 265(20-1977)U/L(P=0.029)。同时合并NPM1突变的比率在FLT3-ITD组和无FLT3-ITD组分别为36.8%(7/19)和6.8%(5/74)(P=0.002)。CR+PR在FLT3-ITD组低于无突变组[31.6%(6/19)vs 64.9%(48/74)](P=0.028)。OS时间在FLT3-ITD组较无突变组明显缩短,分别为5和18个月(P=0.027)。OS在FLT3-ITD和NPM1双阳性患者与FLT3-ITD单阳性患者间无差异,均为5个月(P=0.880)。接受索拉非尼治疗的患者中位OS时间为13个月。结论:FLT3-ITD是AM L中的常见突变,FLT3-ITD AM L更易并发NPM1基因突变,表现有更高的白细胞数和外周血原始细胞及LDH水平,其首次治疗后的CR率低,总体生存差。展开更多
本研究旨在分析NPM1和FLT3-ITD突变与急性髓系白血病患者外周血白细胞数及骨髓原始细胞百分比的相关性。回顾分析我中心2009年1月至2011年12月份初治正常核型急性髓系白血病患者51例,其中男性22例,女性29例,中位年龄47岁(14-83岁)。采...本研究旨在分析NPM1和FLT3-ITD突变与急性髓系白血病患者外周血白细胞数及骨髓原始细胞百分比的相关性。回顾分析我中心2009年1月至2011年12月份初治正常核型急性髓系白血病患者51例,其中男性22例,女性29例,中位年龄47岁(14-83岁)。采用聚合酶链式反应检测NPM1及FLT3-ITD突变状态。结果表明,与无NPM1突变患者相比,突变者初诊时外周血白细胞数较多(30.7×109/L vs 8.6×109/L,P=0.002);FLT3-ITD突变患者较无突变患者具有更多的外周血白细胞数(42.38×109/L vs 11.45×109/L,P=0.033)及更高的骨髓原始细胞百分比(74.0%vs 60.25%,P=0.036)。外周血白细胞数及骨髓原始细胞百分比在NPM1、FLT3-ITD无突变组、单独NPM1突变组、单独FLT3-ITD突变组到NPM1、FLT3-ITD双突变组逐步升高(均P<0.05)。白细胞数大于12.55×109/L的患者NPM1突变率明显升高(P=0.002),大于37.85×109/L者FLT3-ITD突变率明显升高(P=0.033);原始细胞比例大于72.25%的FLT3-ITD突变率明显升高(P=0.008)。NPM1突变患者首疗程完全缓解率(CR)明显高于无突变者(78.13%vs 40.0%,χ2=4.651,P=0.031)。结论:NPM1及FLT3-ITD突变患者白细胞计数及原始细胞比例大,提示NPM1与FLT3-ITD突变均可能促进白血病细胞增殖,且二者可能具有协同效应。展开更多
本研究检测急性髓系白血病(AML)患者外周血血浆游离DNAFLT3内部串联重复序列(internal tandem duplication,ITD)并探讨其临床意义。提取235例AML患者血浆游离DNA并以PCR扩增看家基因globin作为判定标准,通过PCR方法检测FLT3-ITD,并与骨...本研究检测急性髓系白血病(AML)患者外周血血浆游离DNAFLT3内部串联重复序列(internal tandem duplication,ITD)并探讨其临床意义。提取235例AML患者血浆游离DNA并以PCR扩增看家基因globin作为判定标准,通过PCR方法检测FLT3-ITD,并与骨髓或外周血白血病细胞DNA检测结果进行比较。结果表明:235例AML患者中,190例患者血浆游离DNA扩增出globin基因。188例初诊、复发或难治患者中,血浆游离DNA发生FLT3-ITD突变35例(19%,35/188),与病人白血病细胞DNA检测结果完全一致。47例临床缓解患者中,有2例血浆游离DNA扩增出globin基因并检出FLT3-ITD突变,而其细胞来源DNA均为阴性。2例患者均早期复发。与FLT3-野生型(wt)相比,FLT3-ITD突变患者白细胞计数、CD7、CD56表达等明显升高,CR率降低。结论:AML患者血浆中可以检测出白血病细胞特异性的血浆游离DNA,与直接检测白血病细胞结果一致。对骨髓缓解期病人残留白血病(MRD)的检测,血浆游离DNA具有更高的敏感性。FLT3-ITD的检测对AML患者的预后及疗效判断有重要意义。展开更多
基金The Wu Jieping Medical Foundation Clinical Research Special Grant Fund in China,No.320.6750.2022-15-9.
文摘BACKGROUND Congenital lymphangiectasia is a rare disease characterized by dilated interstitial lymphatic vessels and cystic expansion of the lymphatic vessels.Congenital lymphangiectasia can affect various organ systems;however,it frequently occurs in the lungs accompanied with unexplained pleural effusion.Further,it might not be diagnosed during prenatal examination owing to the absence of pronounced abnormalities.However,after birth the newborn rapidly develops respiratory distress that quickly deteriorates.Genetic variations in proteins controlling the development of lymphatic vessels contribute to the pathophysiology of this disease.We report a rare case of heterozygous mutation of ADAMTS3 and FLT4 genes,which have not been reported previously.CASE SUMMARY We analysed the case of a neonate who had presented with only pleural effusion at a late gestational age and eventually died due to its inability to establish spontaneous breathing after birth.An autopsy revealed lymphangiectasia of the organ systems.Further,whole exome sequencing revealed heterozygous mutations of the lymphangiogenesis-controlling genes,ADAMTS3 and FLT4,and Sanger verification revealed similar lesions in the mother with no symptoms.CONCLUSION Considering the presented case,obstetricians should observe unexplained foetal pleural effusion,and perform pathology analysis and whole exome sequencing for a conclusive diagnosis and prompt treatment.
文摘Objective： To analyze Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 （FLT3）/internal-tandem duplications （ITD） mutations in various kinds of hematologic malignancy patients. Methods： FLT3/ITD gene mutations were detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） in 103 acute myeloid leukemia （AML） cases, 63 acute lymphocytic leukemia （ALL） cases, 53 chronic myelogenous leukemia （CML） cases in chronic phase （CML-CP）, 34 CML cases in blast crisis （CML-BC）, 11 chronic lymphatic leukemia （CLL） cases, 36 myelodysplastic syndrome （MDS） cases, 9 multiple myeloma （MM） cases and 13 non-hodgkin＇s lymphoma （NHL） cases with marrow infiltration. Results： The expressions of FLT3/ITD gene mutations were detected in 22.3% AML cases, in 6.5% CML-BC cases, in 5.6% MDS cases and in 2.6% ALL cases. The two ALL cases with FLT3/ITD mutation were diagnosed as ALL-L2 with morphology and both with myeloid antigen expression, but finally were diagnosed as acute mixed-lineage leukemia after immunology examination. FLT3/ITD gene mutations were not detected in CML-CP, MM, NHL and CLL cases. In the 23 AML patients with FLT3/ITD gene mutation, including 2 of 8 M1 （2.5%）, 8 of 33 M2 （24.2%）, 7 of 24 M3 （29.3%）, 2 of 11 M4 （18.2%）, 3 of 21 M5 （14.3%）, 1 of 5 M6 （20%）, and 0 of 1 M7 cases, and there were no significant differences in the positive rates of FLT3/ITD mutations between the FAB subtypes （P 〉 0.05）. Statistical analyses showed that in AML patients, FLT3/ITD was associated with a higher peripheral blood white cell （WBC） counts [（41.23 ± 32.56） x 109/L vs （11.36 ± 9.89） × 10^9/L （P 〈 0.01 ）], higher percentage of bone marrow blast cells [（72.78 ± 21.79）% vs （51.26 ± 20.78）% （P 〈 0.05）], and higher cumulative relapse rates （63.6% vs 27.7%, P 〈 0.025） than those negative. Conclusion： FLT3/ITD gene mutation mainly occurred in AML patients, and might be a strong prognostic factor which was associated with high peripheral WBC counts, bone marrow blast cell proportion and a increased relapse risk in AML. Detection of FLT3/ITD gene mutation might provide insights to explore a more accurate genotyping of leukemia, differential diagnosis between AML and ALL, subdivide risk level in AML and estimate prognosis of leukemia.
文摘目的:探讨伴有FMS样酪氨酸激酶3-内部串联重复突变(FLT3-ITD)急性髓系白血病(AML)的临床特点和对治疗的反应。方法:回顾性分析从2014年1月到2017年7月初诊AML(除M3型)128例,分为FLT3-ITD突变和无FLT3-ITD突变组。FLT3-ITD和NPM1突变采用PCR和基因测序法检测。采用标准3+7方案或CAG作为首次诱导化疗方案。4人接受索拉非尼治疗。总生存期(OS)定义为从确诊到死亡或最后随访之间的持续时间。统计采用SPSS 17.0软件,总体生存(overall survival,OS)采用Kaplan Meier方法计算。结果:有临床资料可评价97例,4例FLT3-TKD突变(占4.1%),19例FLT3-ITD突变(占19.59%)。中位白细胞计数(WBC)、外周血幼稚细胞比例和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)值在FLT3-ITD组明显升高,在FLT3-ITD突变组和无突变组分别为64.65(1.07-587.92)×109/L vs 39.68(0.45-203.81)×109/L(P=0.00)、69.62(16-99)%vs 36.35(0-92)%(P=0.00)和LDH 526(124-2729)U/L vs 265(20-1977)U/L(P=0.029)。同时合并NPM1突变的比率在FLT3-ITD组和无FLT3-ITD组分别为36.8%(7/19)和6.8%(5/74)(P=0.002)。CR+PR在FLT3-ITD组低于无突变组[31.6%(6/19)vs 64.9%(48/74)](P=0.028)。OS时间在FLT3-ITD组较无突变组明显缩短,分别为5和18个月(P=0.027)。OS在FLT3-ITD和NPM1双阳性患者与FLT3-ITD单阳性患者间无差异,均为5个月(P=0.880)。接受索拉非尼治疗的患者中位OS时间为13个月。结论:FLT3-ITD是AM L中的常见突变,FLT3-ITD AM L更易并发NPM1基因突变,表现有更高的白细胞数和外周血原始细胞及LDH水平,其首次治疗后的CR率低,总体生存差。
文摘本研究旨在分析NPM1和FLT3-ITD突变与急性髓系白血病患者外周血白细胞数及骨髓原始细胞百分比的相关性。回顾分析我中心2009年1月至2011年12月份初治正常核型急性髓系白血病患者51例,其中男性22例,女性29例,中位年龄47岁(14-83岁)。采用聚合酶链式反应检测NPM1及FLT3-ITD突变状态。结果表明,与无NPM1突变患者相比,突变者初诊时外周血白细胞数较多(30.7×109/L vs 8.6×109/L,P=0.002);FLT3-ITD突变患者较无突变患者具有更多的外周血白细胞数(42.38×109/L vs 11.45×109/L,P=0.033)及更高的骨髓原始细胞百分比(74.0%vs 60.25%,P=0.036)。外周血白细胞数及骨髓原始细胞百分比在NPM1、FLT3-ITD无突变组、单独NPM1突变组、单独FLT3-ITD突变组到NPM1、FLT3-ITD双突变组逐步升高(均P<0.05)。白细胞数大于12.55×109/L的患者NPM1突变率明显升高(P=0.002),大于37.85×109/L者FLT3-ITD突变率明显升高(P=0.033);原始细胞比例大于72.25%的FLT3-ITD突变率明显升高(P=0.008)。NPM1突变患者首疗程完全缓解率(CR)明显高于无突变者(78.13%vs 40.0%,χ2=4.651,P=0.031)。结论:NPM1及FLT3-ITD突变患者白细胞计数及原始细胞比例大,提示NPM1与FLT3-ITD突变均可能促进白血病细胞增殖,且二者可能具有协同效应。
文摘本研究检测急性髓系白血病(AML)患者外周血血浆游离DNAFLT3内部串联重复序列(internal tandem duplication,ITD)并探讨其临床意义。提取235例AML患者血浆游离DNA并以PCR扩增看家基因globin作为判定标准,通过PCR方法检测FLT3-ITD,并与骨髓或外周血白血病细胞DNA检测结果进行比较。结果表明:235例AML患者中,190例患者血浆游离DNA扩增出globin基因。188例初诊、复发或难治患者中,血浆游离DNA发生FLT3-ITD突变35例(19%,35/188),与病人白血病细胞DNA检测结果完全一致。47例临床缓解患者中,有2例血浆游离DNA扩增出globin基因并检出FLT3-ITD突变,而其细胞来源DNA均为阴性。2例患者均早期复发。与FLT3-野生型(wt)相比,FLT3-ITD突变患者白细胞计数、CD7、CD56表达等明显升高,CR率降低。结论:AML患者血浆中可以检测出白血病细胞特异性的血浆游离DNA,与直接检测白血病细胞结果一致。对骨髓缓解期病人残留白血病(MRD)的检测,血浆游离DNA具有更高的敏感性。FLT3-ITD的检测对AML患者的预后及疗效判断有重要意义。
