目的探讨外周血脆性X智力低下蛋白(fragile X mental retardation protein,FMRP)表达对脆性X综合征(fragile X syn-drome,FXS)的诊断价值。方法运用免疫细胞化学方法对38例不明原因的智力低下男性患儿的FMRP进行外周血淋巴细胞FMRP表达...目的探讨外周血脆性X智力低下蛋白(fragile X mental retardation protein,FMRP)表达对脆性X综合征(fragile X syn-drome,FXS)的诊断价值。方法运用免疫细胞化学方法对38例不明原因的智力低下男性患儿的FMRP进行外周血淋巴细胞FMRP表达检测,并与38例年龄相近、智商或发育商均大于85的正常男性患儿比较,同时对FXS儿童FMRP表达水平与智力水平进行相关分析。结果通过FMRP检测,智力低下组符合FXS诊断标准者5例,正常对照组外周血淋巴细胞FMRP表达均未达到诊断标准(P=0.022);FXS患儿FMRP表达率与发育商或智商间的相关性没有统计学意义(r=-0.610,P=0.275)。结论外周血淋巴细胞FMRP免疫细胞化学检测方法是一种具有快速、简便、价廉等优点的FXS实验诊断方法,可以用作FXS的诊断和筛查。展开更多
脆性X综合征是世界范围内最常见的遗传性智力缺陷,由脆性X智障蛋白(fragile X mental retardationprotein,FMRP)功能缺陷导致,但目前对其致病机制所知甚少。中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所张永清研究小组和大连医科大学肿瘤干细胞...脆性X综合征是世界范围内最常见的遗传性智力缺陷,由脆性X智障蛋白(fragile X mental retardationprotein,FMRP)功能缺陷导致,但目前对其致病机制所知甚少。中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所张永清研究小组和大连医科大学肿瘤干细胞研究员秘晓林研究团队密切合作,发现了FMRP参与调节DNA损伤应答的机制。展开更多
Fragile X syndrome (FraX), the most common form of inherited mental retardation, is caused by the absence of the evolutionally conserved fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). While neuronal functions of FMR...Fragile X syndrome (FraX), the most common form of inherited mental retardation, is caused by the absence of the evolutionally conserved fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). While neuronal functions of FMRP have been intensively studied for the last two decades, its role in non-neuronal cells remains poorly understood. Piwi, a key component of the Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway, plays an essential role in germline development. In the present study, we report that similar to piwi, dfmrl, the Drosophila homolog of human FMR1, is required for transposon suppression in the germlines. Genetic analyses showed that dfmrl and piwi act synergistically in heterochromatic silencing, and in inhibiting the differentiation of primordial germline cells and transposon expression. Northern analyses showed that roo piRNA expression levels are reduced in dfmrl mutant ovaries, suggesting a role of dfmrl in piRNA biogenesis. Biochemical analysis demonstrated a physical interaction between dFMRP and Piwi via their N-termini. Taken together, we propose that dFMRP cooperates with Piwi in maintaining genome integrity by regulating heterochromatic silencing in somatic cells and suppressing transposon activity via the piRNA pathway in germlines.展开更多
脆性X综合征(Fragile X syndrome)是一种最常见的遗传性智力低下疾病,并且伴有语言和行为障碍等。该疾病是由脆性X智力低下基因(Fragile X mental retardation 1,FMR1)突变而导致脆性X智力低下蛋白(Fragile X mental retardation protei...脆性X综合征(Fragile X syndrome)是一种最常见的遗传性智力低下疾病,并且伴有语言和行为障碍等。该疾病是由脆性X智力低下基因(Fragile X mental retardation 1,FMR1)突变而导致脆性X智力低下蛋白(Fragile X mental retardation protein,FMRP)表达异常造成的。近年来,研究发现FMRP参与非编码RNA通路,并发挥多种重要生物学功能,这对理解脆性X综合征发病机理具有重要的推动作用。首先发现FMRP与siRNA和miRNA通路中Dicer酶、Ago1和Ago2蛋白相互作用,参与神经活动及生殖干细胞命运决定等重要过程。随后又发现FMRP与piRNA通路中Aub、Ago1和Piwi蛋白相互作用,维持了染色体正常结构和基因组稳定性。最新研究结果发现FMRP与lncRNA相互作用,其功能和价值正引起关注。本文从FMRP与非编码RNA通路的关系展开,着重介绍了FMRP与piRNA之间的相互作用,以期为深入理解非编码RNA通路在脆性X综合征的发病过程中作用提供参考,同时期望与临床医学领域尽快形成交叉研究,早日促进理论成果转化为临床应用。展开更多
脆性X综合征(fragile X syndrome,FXS)是最常见的遗传性认知障碍疾病,也是一种与自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)相关的严重的基因疾病.它主要是由于脆性X智力低下基因1(fragile X mental retardation 1,FMR1)的异常扩增...脆性X综合征(fragile X syndrome,FXS)是最常见的遗传性认知障碍疾病,也是一种与自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)相关的严重的基因疾病.它主要是由于脆性X智力低下基因1(fragile X mental retardation 1,FMR1)的异常扩增及其上游Cp G岛的异常甲基化,导致其编码的脆性X智力低下蛋白(fragile X mental retardation protein,FMRP)表达减少或缺失引起的.FMRP与miRNA(micro RNA)均具有翻译抑制活性,而且FMRP在生物化学和遗传学上均与miRNA调控通路有相互作用.此外,越来越多的研究发现miRNA调控通路在FXS的发病和治疗中发挥作用.因此,本文对miRNA的功能及其与脆性X蛋白家族成员间的相互作用进行阐述,为在miRNA水平了解FXS的发病机制奠定基础.展开更多
文摘目的探讨外周血脆性X智力低下蛋白(fragile X mental retardation protein,FMRP)表达对脆性X综合征(fragile X syn-drome,FXS)的诊断价值。方法运用免疫细胞化学方法对38例不明原因的智力低下男性患儿的FMRP进行外周血淋巴细胞FMRP表达检测,并与38例年龄相近、智商或发育商均大于85的正常男性患儿比较,同时对FXS儿童FMRP表达水平与智力水平进行相关分析。结果通过FMRP检测,智力低下组符合FXS诊断标准者5例,正常对照组外周血淋巴细胞FMRP表达均未达到诊断标准(P=0.022);FXS患儿FMRP表达率与发育商或智商间的相关性没有统计学意义(r=-0.610,P=0.275)。结论外周血淋巴细胞FMRP免疫细胞化学检测方法是一种具有快速、简便、价廉等优点的FXS实验诊断方法,可以用作FXS的诊断和筛查。
文摘脆性X综合征是世界范围内最常见的遗传性智力缺陷,由脆性X智障蛋白(fragile X mental retardationprotein,FMRP)功能缺陷导致,但目前对其致病机制所知甚少。中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所张永清研究小组和大连医科大学肿瘤干细胞研究员秘晓林研究团队密切合作,发现了FMRP参与调节DNA损伤应答的机制。
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology(No.2014CB942803)the Strategic Priority Research Program B of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB02020400)to Y.Q.Zhangthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.30930033 and 30871388 to Y.Q.Zhang and No.31501175 to W.Liu)
文摘Fragile X syndrome (FraX), the most common form of inherited mental retardation, is caused by the absence of the evolutionally conserved fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). While neuronal functions of FMRP have been intensively studied for the last two decades, its role in non-neuronal cells remains poorly understood. Piwi, a key component of the Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway, plays an essential role in germline development. In the present study, we report that similar to piwi, dfmrl, the Drosophila homolog of human FMR1, is required for transposon suppression in the germlines. Genetic analyses showed that dfmrl and piwi act synergistically in heterochromatic silencing, and in inhibiting the differentiation of primordial germline cells and transposon expression. Northern analyses showed that roo piRNA expression levels are reduced in dfmrl mutant ovaries, suggesting a role of dfmrl in piRNA biogenesis. Biochemical analysis demonstrated a physical interaction between dFMRP and Piwi via their N-termini. Taken together, we propose that dFMRP cooperates with Piwi in maintaining genome integrity by regulating heterochromatic silencing in somatic cells and suppressing transposon activity via the piRNA pathway in germlines.
文摘脆性X综合征(Fragile X syndrome)是一种最常见的遗传性智力低下疾病,并且伴有语言和行为障碍等。该疾病是由脆性X智力低下基因(Fragile X mental retardation 1,FMR1)突变而导致脆性X智力低下蛋白(Fragile X mental retardation protein,FMRP)表达异常造成的。近年来,研究发现FMRP参与非编码RNA通路,并发挥多种重要生物学功能,这对理解脆性X综合征发病机理具有重要的推动作用。首先发现FMRP与siRNA和miRNA通路中Dicer酶、Ago1和Ago2蛋白相互作用,参与神经活动及生殖干细胞命运决定等重要过程。随后又发现FMRP与piRNA通路中Aub、Ago1和Piwi蛋白相互作用,维持了染色体正常结构和基因组稳定性。最新研究结果发现FMRP与lncRNA相互作用,其功能和价值正引起关注。本文从FMRP与非编码RNA通路的关系展开,着重介绍了FMRP与piRNA之间的相互作用,以期为深入理解非编码RNA通路在脆性X综合征的发病过程中作用提供参考,同时期望与临床医学领域尽快形成交叉研究,早日促进理论成果转化为临床应用。
文摘脆性X综合征(fragile X syndrome,FXS)是最常见的遗传性认知障碍疾病,也是一种与自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)相关的严重的基因疾病.它主要是由于脆性X智力低下基因1(fragile X mental retardation 1,FMR1)的异常扩增及其上游Cp G岛的异常甲基化,导致其编码的脆性X智力低下蛋白(fragile X mental retardation protein,FMRP)表达减少或缺失引起的.FMRP与miRNA(micro RNA)均具有翻译抑制活性,而且FMRP在生物化学和遗传学上均与miRNA调控通路有相互作用.此外,越来越多的研究发现miRNA调控通路在FXS的发病和治疗中发挥作用.因此,本文对miRNA的功能及其与脆性X蛋白家族成员间的相互作用进行阐述,为在miRNA水平了解FXS的发病机制奠定基础.