Glacier recession is a globally occurring trend. Although a rich body of work has documented glacial response to climate warming, few studies have assessed vegetation cover change in recently deglaciated areas, especi...Glacier recession is a globally occurring trend. Although a rich body of work has documented glacial response to climate warming, few studies have assessed vegetation cover change in recently deglaciated areas, especially using geospatial technologies. Here, vegetation change at two glacier forefronts in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A.was quantified through remote sensing analysis,fieldwork validation, and statistical modeling.Specifically, we assessed the spatial and temporal patterns of landcover change at the two glacier forefronts in Glacier National Park and determined the role of selected biophysical terrain factors(elevation, slope, aspect, solar radiation, flow accumulation, topographic wetness index, and surficial geology) on vegetation change(from nonvegetated to vegetated cover) at the deglaciated areas.Landsat imagery of the study locations in 1991, 2003,and 2015 were classified and validated using visual interpretation. Model results revealed geographic differences in biophysical correlates of vegetation change between the study areas, suggesting that terrain variation is a key factor affecting spatialtemporal patterns of vegetation change. At Jackson Glacier forefront, increases in vegetation over some portion or all of the study period were negatively associated with elevation, slope angle, and consolidated bedrock. At Grinnell Glacier forefront,increases in vegetation associated negatively with elevation and positively with solar radiation.Integrated geospatial and field approaches to the study of vegetation change in recently deglaciated terrain are recommended to understand and monitor processes and patterns of ongoing habitat change in rapidly changing mountain environments.展开更多
Forefront在帮助企业保护信息以及控制对企业内环境访问等问题上，卓有成效。
作为Forefront产品系列中的重要组成部分，Forefront Security for Exchange Server及Forefront Security for Share Point能够为消息和协作服务器提供高级...Forefront在帮助企业保护信息以及控制对企业内环境访问等问题上，卓有成效。
作为Forefront产品系列中的重要组成部分，Forefront Security for Exchange Server及Forefront Security for Share Point能够为消息和协作服务器提供高级的安全和管理服务，能够为在邮箱、文档库和团队网站中传输及存储的宝贵数据提供高级的保护，展开更多
While conventionally perceived as major components of cellular membranes and lipid droplets （LDs）, lipids have now emerged as key players with distinctive roles involving in a wide range of biological processes such...While conventionally perceived as major components of cellular membranes and lipid droplets （LDs）, lipids have now emerged as key players with distinctive roles involving in a wide range of biological processes such as signaling events, trafficking, and compartmentalization of macromolecules. One of the key concerns in lipid research is its homeostasis, which is fundamental to health maintenance of cells, living organisms and human beings. It is evident now that deregulated lipid metabolism plays very important roles in many human diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, Parkinson＇s disease, cancer and infectious diseases （Lam and Shui, 2013）.展开更多
基金Financial support was provided by the Virginia Tech, Department of Geography, Sidman P. Poole Endowment
文摘Glacier recession is a globally occurring trend. Although a rich body of work has documented glacial response to climate warming, few studies have assessed vegetation cover change in recently deglaciated areas, especially using geospatial technologies. Here, vegetation change at two glacier forefronts in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A.was quantified through remote sensing analysis,fieldwork validation, and statistical modeling.Specifically, we assessed the spatial and temporal patterns of landcover change at the two glacier forefronts in Glacier National Park and determined the role of selected biophysical terrain factors(elevation, slope, aspect, solar radiation, flow accumulation, topographic wetness index, and surficial geology) on vegetation change(from nonvegetated to vegetated cover) at the deglaciated areas.Landsat imagery of the study locations in 1991, 2003,and 2015 were classified and validated using visual interpretation. Model results revealed geographic differences in biophysical correlates of vegetation change between the study areas, suggesting that terrain variation is a key factor affecting spatialtemporal patterns of vegetation change. At Jackson Glacier forefront, increases in vegetation over some portion or all of the study period were negatively associated with elevation, slope angle, and consolidated bedrock. At Grinnell Glacier forefront,increases in vegetation associated negatively with elevation and positively with solar radiation.Integrated geospatial and field approaches to the study of vegetation change in recently deglaciated terrain are recommended to understand and monitor processes and patterns of ongoing habitat change in rapidly changing mountain environments.
文摘Forefront在帮助企业保护信息以及控制对企业内环境访问等问题上，卓有成效。
作为Forefront产品系列中的重要组成部分，Forefront Security for Exchange Server及Forefront Security for Share Point能够为消息和协作服务器提供高级的安全和管理服务，能够为在邮箱、文档库和团队网站中传输及存储的宝贵数据提供高级的保护，
文摘While conventionally perceived as major components of cellular membranes and lipid droplets （LDs）, lipids have now emerged as key players with distinctive roles involving in a wide range of biological processes such as signaling events, trafficking, and compartmentalization of macromolecules. One of the key concerns in lipid research is its homeostasis, which is fundamental to health maintenance of cells, living organisms and human beings. It is evident now that deregulated lipid metabolism plays very important roles in many human diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, Parkinson＇s disease, cancer and infectious diseases （Lam and Shui, 2013）.
